Catching is banned in the Yangtze River, how is the life of the fishermen-a


　　first-line survey from Anhui and Jiangxi

　　Affected by high-intensity human activities, the "Yangtze River is sick", and the Yangtze River's biological integrity index has reached the worst "fish-free" level.

For the sake of the overall situation and for future generations, the Party Central Committee made an important decision to ban fishing on the Yangtze River. The ban involves the withdrawal of more than 100,000 legally licensed fishing boats, and it is related to the protection of more than 200,000 fishing fishermen's conversion and resettlement.

　　Starting from January 1, 2020, a long-distance race for the "life of the Yangtze River" to maintain youth and sustainable development begins-332 aquatic life reserves in the Yangtze River Basin have achieved a complete ban; from January 1, 2021, the Yangtze River A ten-year ban on arrest will be implemented in key waters of the basin.

How is the progress of the current arrest ban?

How is the life of the fishermen settled?

The reporter recently conducted a first-line investigation in Anhui and Jiangxi.

How to retreat from arrest: take back the boat net, pay for social security, and solve hidden worries

　　In early autumn, the Xuejiawa Ecological Park, located along the Yangtze River in Ma'anshan, Anhui, has fresh air and green grass.

More than a year ago, here was another scene: more than two hundred fishermen’s home boats and work boats were parked along the coast.

On the three illegal docks, ships are densely packed, and domestic waste and sewage are randomly discarded and discharged, causing serious environmental pollution.

　　In response to the call for a ban on fishing in the Yangtze River, on May 1, 2019, Ma'anshan initiated the conversion of fishermen on the mainstream of the Yangtze River and important tributaries to the Yangtze River. The task of retreating fishing was completely completed at the end of July of that year.

　　“At that time, it was decided to start work at Xuejiawa, because the situation here is the most complicated. There are about 50 fishermen and more than 200 fishing boats.” Xia Dejun, deputy head of the Ma’anshan Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, recalled. The county and district set up a temporary headquarters in Xuejiawa, working 24 hours a day, and doing fishermen's ideological work on the spot, "opening up the situation in Xuejiawa, the city's de-catch work has been completely completed in more than 80 days."

　　Among the fishermen, a large part of their ancestors have been engaged in fishing for generations. They were born and grew up on boats and had no shelter on the shore.

After the fishing boat is recovered, how to solve the resettlement of many fishermen?

Xia Dejun told reporters that after the fishermen go ashore, they can buy commercial houses at preferential prices, live in self-built houses, rent low-rent housing or public rental housing.

　　Before the implementation of the 10-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River, 48-year-old Zhang Zhouhua was a professional fisherman. The family of three lived on a cement boat and owned five fishing boats.

“When I first learned about the ban on fishing in the Yangtze River, I was very panicked. Later I saw that the government took good care of the fishermen and stabilized.” After the fishing boat was recovered, he received financial compensation according to the standard.

Now, Zhang Zhouhua has moved to a new home, living with his wife, son and daughter-in-law in a 99.5 square meter commercial house.

"It cost 264,000 yuan to buy a house, using government compensation and some of my own savings. Compared with the ship, the house is now more spacious and life is more convenient." Zhang Zhouhua told reporters.

　　In order to protect the lives of fishermen, Maanshan has improved its social security policies. For fishermen aged 16 to 59 who participate in the resident pension insurance, the government will pay the pension insurance premiums for them according to the level of annual payment selected by the insured person, so as to return the arrests that meet the conditions. Members of the fishermen’s family should be fully protected.

　　After the fishermen retreat and land, how their children go to school is also one of the fishermen's biggest concerns.

Nanji Township is located on an island in Poyang Lake.

The township government held a work scheduling meeting to publicize the schooling policy to the fishermen, and do a good job in the registration of school intentions.

Finally, in accordance with the principle of voluntary registration, the problem of schooling in elementary and junior high schools for 96 fishermen’s children was resolved, which resolved their worries.

How to change production: After letting fishermen go ashore, they can be stable and get rich

　　In August of this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out during an inspection tour in Anhui that the implementation of the 10-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River requires relevant work to be done so that the majority of fishermen are willing to go ashore and get ashore. After they come ashore, they can stay stable and get rich.

　　For fishermen to smoothly switch to employment, find a reliable job, and obtain a stable income, the 10-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River can truly "stand".

　　In order to smoothly realize the transfer of fishermen to employment, various localities have improved their employment assistance policies, by holding special job fairs, opening skill training classes, and providing public welfare positions, etc., to solve the employment problem for fishermen.

　　Fishermen who catch shrimps for a long time and understand the habits of fish and shrimps, whether they can take advantage of this advantage and turn fishing into aquaculture, and realize the conversion of production and employment, has become an important consideration in various places.

　　Wu Huashan, a fisherman from Xiashatou Village, Lianxu Town, New District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, has been engaged in fishing in Poyang Lake all the year round, and is already the "three generations of fishing."

“I started fishing with my father’s generation when I was 14 years old. At that time, the species of fish were very rich. In the past ten years, many fish have not been seen.” Wu Huashan, 41, told reporters that he realized the decline of fishery resources, he started in 2018. Decided to withdraw from capture and switch to production.

He transferred more than 300 acres of paddy fields to engage in crayfish farming, and set up a Xingwang family farm in Yujiao Village, Xiangshan Town.

"A total of 30,000 catties of shrimp were harvested this year, with a net income of 300,000 yuan," said Wu Huashan.

　　Many fishermen who retreat have turned fishing into fishery protection, working as fishermen and cleaners.

After the fisherman Zhang Zhouhua retired and went ashore, he and his colleagues were responsible for patrolling the river surface about 3 kilometers from the Xuejiawa Ecological Park to the Quarry Scenic Area.

Cheng Youming, a fisherman from Dangtu County, Ma'anshan, Anhui, joined the local fishery resources protection association in May this year as a volunteer.

　　"Fish guards are an organic component of the fishery law enforcement team. Their usual work is to discourage fishing, report poaching and clean the river surface. Fisher guards can help the fishery law enforcement agencies look farther and see the grassroots." Xia Dejun said The reporter explained that the monthly income of a fisherman and cleaner is 2,400 to 3,300 yuan. If the husband and wife work together, the income of a year can basically be equal to the income of fishing.

　　In addition, the development of tourism has become an effective way to attract fishermen’s employment.

Yuan Fang’s parents, who served as interpreters in the Zhongchen Temple Scenic Spot, Kangshan Township, Yugan County, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, were both fishermen. They used more than 100 cormorants to fish before the ban: "After the ban was implemented, the scenic spot gave him the best use Cormorant performance work." Yuan Faliang, a fisherman who has been fishing for nearly 30 years, contracted a restaurant in the commercial street of the scenic spot after his retreat: "When the most tourists were received, there were more than 20 tables a day, and the annual net income was 80 to 90 million yuan." During the implementation of the Yangtze River fishing ban, the Zhongchen Temple Scenic Area led a total of 20 or 30 fishermen from Kangshan Township to find employment.

How to manage supervision: improve the long-term mechanism of "specialized management + mass management" and "civil defense + technical defense"

　　"The main stream of the Yangtze River and Pingchuan are relatively easy to manage, while Poyang Lake has hundreds of small lakes. The difficulty of supervision can be imagined." "Certified boats have been collected, but plastic boats and hovercraft can still be bought online." How to effectively strengthen Supervision?

　　In the supervision of local governments, information technology and intelligent technology are required for efficiency, which greatly improves the ability of patrol and law enforcement.

Board the Sheshan Island in the center of Poyang Lake by boat, and walk into the Joint Patrol Law Enforcement Command Center of Poyang Lake District, Jiangxi. The first thing you see is the map of Poyang Lake and the surrounding area. The large screen of the monitoring room clearly displays the various probes. The location and real-time picture.

According to the staff, these high-definition cameras can achieve 360-degree rotation and can monitor at least 5 kilometers away.

　　In 2018, Jiangxi Province invested 21.319 million yuan in the construction of Sheshan Island's provincial joint patrol law enforcement office space and joint logistics command center, wireless emergency communication network, and radar monitoring three systems.

In 2019, the Provincial Public Security Department put police drones to participate in cruises for the first time, and the joint patrol time was expanded from the important sensitive period of previous years to the whole year, and the law enforcement mechanism for the three-level joint patrol of provinces, cities and counties was improved.

　　"Under normal circumstances, a joint patrol along the main channel takes 10 to 15 days. After the system is equipped, it only takes 1 hour to achieve full coverage of the lake." Wu Dingsheng, deputy head of the Jiangxi Poyang Lake Fishery Administration Bureau, told reporters.

　　After the implementation of the arrest ban, preventing stealing has become a new task.

“Compared with before, the pressure on grass-roots law enforcement has increased. After the ban, the ecological environment has improved. There are more fish species. There are still many large fish. It is easy for people to take risks, which makes law enforcement more difficult.” New District Office in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province Deputy Director Tan Yunping said that it is necessary to adopt regulatory measures to ensure that there are no ships on the water, no nets in the water, and no illegal nets on the shore, and to ensure that all water surfaces are under surveillance.

　　The reporter learned from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs that in the next step, relevant departments will strengthen grassroots fishery administration and law enforcement in a targeted manner.

Especially for the 227 key counties of "One River, Two Lakes and Seven Rivers", it is necessary to have independent or relatively independent agencies, specialized personnel, law enforcement equipment, special funds, assisting patrol teams and public reporting telephones, and improve the "specialized management + group management" The long-term supervision mechanism of "human defense + technical defense".

　　(Our reporter Li Hui and Yang Xinyue)