In July, the scientific rumor list was released: Is there 1 vaccine that can prevent 12 types of cancer? Can mosquito bites spread the new coronavirus?
　　The better the physique, the more likely it is to get heat stroke? Just the opposite

　　Is there really one vaccine on the market that can prevent 12 types of cancer? Can you get a new crown by being bitten by a mosquito? Wearing anti-blue glasses for children can stay away from myopia? People with better physique and adaptability are more likely to suffer from heat stroke? The health rumors of these "haunts" in the circle of friends are all unreliable. The science rumors list is coming in July, let us take a look at the "true colors" of these health rumors.

　　The "Monthly'Science' Rumor List" is under the guidance of the Beijing Association for Science and Technology, the Beijing Municipal Office of Cyberspace Affairs, and the Capital Internet Association. The Beijing Association of Science and Technology Journalists and Editors and the Beijing regional website jointly publish the rumor prevention platform.

　　Rumor: Mosquito bites can spread the new coronavirus

　　The truth: A study by Kansas State University in the United States confirmed that the new coronavirus cannot be transmitted to humans through mosquitoes, supporting the World Health Organization (WHO) that mosquitoes cannot transmit the new coronavirus. The research team of the University's Institute of Biosafety tested the ability of the new coronavirus to infect and replicate in three common and widely distributed mosquitoes through intrathoracic inoculation of the virus. These three mosquitoes are Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex pipiens pipiens. They represent the two most important arbovirus genera that infect humans.

　　Intrathoracic vaccination is the most extreme method of virus attack on mosquitoes. If the new coronavirus does not replicate in the mosquitoes after vaccination in the thoracic cavity, the possibility of the mosquitoes transmitting the virus can still be ruled out even if the mosquito sucks the blood of patients containing the virus.

　　The researchers detected the new coronavirus in samples collected within two hours of inoculation, confirming that the virus can be effectively transmitted to mosquitoes; but the virus was not detected in 277 samples collected at all time points 24 hours after inoculation . It can be concluded that the new coronavirus cannot replicate in mosquitoes, and mosquitoes will not become a vector of the virus.

　　Rumor: 1 vaccine can prevent 12 types of cancer

　　The truth: Some media reported recently that the Hong Kong MDX Medical Group released a "DCV cancer vaccine" that can prevent more than 12 types of cancer including prostate cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer.

　　In fact, malignant tumors are "heterogeneous", even if they are classified as the same tumor, they may be completely different. At present, it is difficult to prevent lung cancer, let alone prevent 12 kinds of cancer. As mentioned in the product description of "DCV Cancer Vaccine", it is impossible to control the broad-spectrum WT1 gene (assuming that the injected substance can regulate the gene) is impossible. The so-called "universal gene" is pure fiction.

　　At present, tumor vaccines are divided into preventive and therapeutic types, which are injected into healthy people and tumor patients respectively. Preventive tumor vaccines can only target tumors caused by viruses and other microorganisms. These types of tumors can be prevented because they can clearly form the mechanism. There are already many preventive tumor vaccines on the market, such as cervical cancer vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine. The application of therapeutic tumor vaccines is relatively few. Currently, only one tumor vaccine for the treatment of prostate cancer is marketed in the United States, and many therapeutic products are still in clinical trials.

　　Rumor: The better the body, the more likely it is to get heat stroke

　　Truth: Some people believe that the better the physical, the better the adaptability to the environment, and it is easier to turn a blind eye to the dangers of high-temperature weather, which is more likely to cause heat stroke. actually not.

　　The professional name of heat stroke is "heat stroke", which can be divided into two types: classic heat stroke (also called non-worked heat stroke) and exertional heat stroke. The former is more common in the elderly and the sick, while the latter is more common in the strong and healthy people working in a high temperature environment. But for the frail people, even if they don't work too much, they can get caught. Compared with "work-induced heat stroke", the "classic heat stroke", which is mainly the "scourge" of frail people, is more dangerous.

　　Data show that the population incidence of classic heat stroke during the summer high temperature is (17.6-26.5)/100,000. Among the patients who are hospitalized for this reason each year, if they are seriously ill and enter the intensive care unit, the mortality rate can be as high as 70%. About half of the patients who died of heatstroke occurred in their homes, and less than one-third of those who died in the workplace.

　　It can be said that the stronger the ability to adapt to heat, the less likely it is to suffer from heat stroke. If you have heat stroke, it means you have not adapted to the environment, or the environment has exceeded the limit of human physiological tolerance. For frail people, heatstroke is likely to make things worse.

　　Elderly patients are prone to have basic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and use a variety of drugs at the same time. These are risk factors that lead to increased heatstroke risk and mortality. In addition, the younger the child, the less mature the function of thermoregulation and the weaker the adaptability to environmental changes. Once heat stroke occurs, the progress will be very rapid. Almost every summer there are accidents where children are locked in a car and die for a short time. Therefore, as summer is coming, the elderly and children need our attention to avoid heat stroke.

　　Rumor: Wearing Blu-ray Glasses in Online Classes Can Prevent Myopia

　　The truth: myopia in children and adolescents is mainly caused by long-term use of electronic products, resulting in visual fatigue and improper posture. The blue light of electronic products is not the "culprit" of myopia, and the improper selection of anti-blue glasses is harmful and useless.

　　The commonly referred to as blue light refers to visible light with a wavelength range of 400-500 nanometers. Blue light is widely found in nature, not only in electronic screens, but also in sunlight and many LED lamps.

　　Blue light has the possibility of causing damage to the retina, which is related to the dose of blue light received by the retina. In other words, blue light irradiation can only cause damage to the retina only after reaching a sufficient time and a certain intensity.

　　Qualified electronic products have filtered the harmful short-wave blue light, and their blue light hazards are basically at a non-hazardous level. In other words, the blue light that is exposed to the correct use of mobile phones and tablet computers will generally not cause damage to the eyes, and there is no direct evidence that blue light causes myopia. Parents need not worry too much about the so-called "blue light hazards."

　　Inappropriate selection of anti-blue glasses is harmful to the prevention of myopia. There is not enough medical evidence to prove that products such as anti-blue glasses can play a significant role in preventing and controlling myopia. On the contrary, due to the large number of anti-blue light products, the quality of the products is uneven, if the purchase is not appropriate, it is easy to cause damage to children's eyes. Therefore, adopting the correct posture and avoiding long-term use of electronic products such as mobile phones and tablets can prevent children and adolescents from having myopia.

　　Text / reporter Li Jie