◎Huaxi Metropolis Daily-Cover News reporter Xun Chao
As a writer, poet, opera theorist, and bibliophile in the Qing Dynasty, Li Tiaoyuan was selected as the second batch of Sichuan historical celebrities. Wang Chuan, vice president of Sichuan Normal University and professor of the Chinese Traditional Culture Institute, believes that it is the result of comprehensive consideration: " As far as the cultural history of the Qing Dynasty is concerned, Li Tiaoyuan is a representative cultural figure; as far as Sichuan history is concerned, Li Tiaoyuan is one of the landmark representatives. Speaking of him, we give him a biologist, a bibliography Many titles such as writer, writer, linguist, literary theorist, educator, quyi, foodie, etc. are not an exaggeration." "Li Tiaoyuan's promotion of our Sichuan culture, especially the revival of Shu Xue, The great achievements can be said to promote the overall prosperity of Sichuan culture and have a great effect on our Sichuan culture. He also organized Sichuan opera actors to support and promote the rise of Sichuan opera, integrating unique insights into the food culture of Sichuan cuisine, Jiangnan cuisine, etc. Compiled the first Sichuan cuisine recipe, which played a huge role in the promotion and development of local culture." Wang Chuan commented Li Tiaoyuan in one sentence: "Organize Shu literature and revitalize rural culture."
One door, four entrances, two houses, three halls
In Luojiang County, Sichuan, the Qing Dynasty genius Li Tiaoyuan’s family has almost all the talks about “one door, four scholars, two courts, three Hanlins”. In the seven years of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1742), Li Tiaoyuan’s father, Li Huanan, was admitted to Jinshi. Later, Li Tiaoyuan and his two cousins, Li Dingyuan and Li Jiyuan, also entered the Jinshi, and all three brothers entered Hanlin.
Li Tiaoyuan was employed in Fujiang Academy in his early years, and he was the first to be tested by the State Academy. In the twenty-four years of Qianlong's (1759) hometown examination, the study of "Qiqiwen...to be the first" was studied at Jinjiang Academy, with Chongqing He Xiyan, Chengdu Zhang Helin, Neijiang Jiang Erchang, Zhongjiang Meng Luzhou, Hanzhou Zhang Yungu Six people, sometimes called "Jinjiang Six Masters". In the Sichuan literary world in the Qing Dynasty, Li Tiaoyuan, Suining Zhangwen Tao, and Danling Peng Duanshu collectively referred to as "the three great talents of the Bashu in the Qing Dynasty".
Wang Chuan's life-long study of Chinese history and culture found that Li Tiaoyuan had a smooth first half of his life. "Because of his family history, he received a good education from a very young age, and he was a jinshi at the age of twenty-eight or nine, which is very remarkable." Twenty-eight years of Qianlong (1763), Qianlong, Li Diao Yuan was hand-picked as Hanlin Shuji, awarded to the director of the Literary Selection Department, and later served as the deputy examiner of Guangdong Rural Examination, foreign examiner, and Guangdong Xuezheng.
Because of the integrity of his work, Li Tiaoyuan was called "outside the iron staff". "Li Tiaoyuan is an upright educator and politician. During his tenure, he was devoted to life and actively developed the local economy and society. For example, when he went to Guangdong for two years to study politics, he set up academy during his tenure, focusing on cultivating talents and promoting Guangdong Province. The development of education, local learning has become common practice, it is very remarkable. Now in Guangzhou, Dianbai County and other places, there are legends about Li Tiaoyuan. People's memory of him also reflects his true nature as an educator." Wang Chuan Introduction. Preserving the literature of the Shu School to revive the Bashu civilization However, Li Tiaoyuan's road to politics and officialdom is not unimpeded. "At the age of 49, Li Tiaoyuan was convicted and assigned to Yili, Xinjiang because of being framed by a traitor." Fortunately, the governor of the Zhili Yuan Shoutong assisted in time. The court granted permission for Li Tiaoyuan on the ground that the mother Li needed to be maintained. After paying 20,000 silver for atonement, he was escorted to Zhuozhou (now Zhuo County, Hebei) and released to his hometown.
Returning to Sichuan, Li Diaoyuan clearly saw the corruption of the officialdom of the Qing Dynasty. "After he came back, he concentrated on the 21-year culture." For example, during his early years as an official in Beijing, he participated in the compilation of the "Quanshu" in the Qianlong Dynasty and collected a large number of manuscripts as an example. Li Tiaoyuan used his own strength. He has compiled a large collection of literature "Han Hai" and a sequel "Han Hai". "Han Hai, from the "Han Zhi Han Hai", means that he collected as many Sichuan documents as possible, which has an important historical contribution to preserve the Shu literature and revive the Bashu civilization." Wang Chuan said.
Li Tiaoyuan's life is extremely rich in writing, according to Yang Maoxiu's "Chronicle of Mr. Li Yucun" statistics, a total of 130 kinds. He has written literary works such as "Tongshan Poetry Collection", "Tongshan Essay Collection", "Foolish Poetry", "Yucun Poetry", "Yucun Poetry", "Yucun Quhua" and "Yucun Fufu" and other poetic, dramatic and literary theoretical works.
In addition, Li Diaoyuan, who returned home from his official duties, also built a "10,000-volume building" in Nancun, Luojiang County, a huge library with a collection of 100,000 volumes, which was sometimes referred to as the "first Xichuan collection of books". The cabinet is comparable. Unfortunately, this precious library was destroyed by a man-made fire in Jiaqing five years (1800). The heartbroken Li Tiaoyuan held the book ash in the silk bag with both hands, buried it in the loess, and named it "Book Mound". After that, he couldn't afford to fall ill. Jiaqing died in eight years (1803), and a generation of famous Confucians fell from it.
Both "Father of Sichuan Cuisine" and "Father of Sichuan Opera"
"Li Tiaoyuan not only made outstanding contributions to the rejuvenation of the Bashu culture and the academic prosperity of the Qing Dynasty, he also played a great role in the preservation, development, dissemination and promotion of folk culture." Wang Chuan said that he edited his father The diet book "Xing Yuan Lu" written by Li Huanan is widely regarded as the first monograph on diet dishes in Sichuan history. "This book was not actually written by Li Tiaoyuan, but a collection of many of his father's manuscripts. He added some of his own experiences and insights."
It turned out that his father Li Huanan collected a lot of cooking materials in Jiangsu and Zhejiang when he was traveling in Jiangnan. Li Tiaoyuan organized these manuscripts, and added the cooking methods he learned in Guangdong, Kyoto and other places as references for each other. A book "Awakening Garden" dedicated to food culture. It is precisely because of Li Tiaoyuan's systematic combing that Sichuan cuisine gradually formed a complete system, and he was also regarded as the "father of Sichuan cuisine" by later generations. Wang Chuan bluntly said: "This book has an important role in promoting the culture of Sichuan cuisine and making Sichuan cuisine one of the eight major cuisines in China."
In addition to food, Li Tiaoyuan is also a good opera. Returning to Xingyuan, his hometown in Luojiang County, he set up a Sichuan opera squad, and he personally transplanted, adapted and transformed a series of legendary scripts from Yuanren Zaju and Ming and Qing dynasties into Sichuan opera, and moved to the stage. He often "self-knocked the sandalwood class song boy" and took the troupe to perform in Chengdu, Mianzhou and other places. Li Diaoyuan's seven poems in "Listening to the Lanterns" mentioned that he led the Kunqu opera group to perform the Lantern Opera and the Kunqu Opera at the Jiang Lianchi Block in the Mianzhou Prefecture Office. Li Tiaoyuan proposed that "the opera should be in line with human feelings", that is, it should reflect more people's sentiments and be more people-oriented, and "should be formed individually" and must be innovative.
Li Tiaoyuan has also written a number of Sichuan Opera scripts, including "Spring and Autumn", "Plum Fallen", "Hanada Mistake", and "Bitter Day Biography", etc., and his teaching of Liyuan disciples is also recorded. "Li Tiaoyuan's promotion of Sichuan opera has greatly facilitated the spread and localization of Central Plains culture and Chinese culture in Sichuan, and has also promoted the revival of Sichuan opera. His contribution to Sichuan opera has been respected and affirmed by people and is regarded as "Father of Sichuan Opera" is not an exaggeration." From this point of view, Wang Chuan thinks that Li Tiaoyuan is very remarkable. "He has both elegant culture and vulgar culture, and he has contributed to both elegant and vulgar culture. There are also people from the Lower Liba. His creative transformation, innovative development and promotion of traditional culture not only promoted the collation of the literature of Shu Xue, the spread of the culture of Bashu, but also popularized the excellent traditional culture, which is very remarkable."
Commemorate Li Tiaoyuan's "Xing Yuan".
Tap contemporary value and increase IP development
In Wang Chuan's view, Li Tiaoyuan is not only an encyclopedia-style scholar, but also a very close-minded neighbor who has an interesting life. "The more you study him, the more you will find that he is not like those tall and unattainable historical figures, nor like other talents who have a lot of lace news and romantic affair, he is the most grounded neighbor of Qingming."
Wang Chuan hopes that readers will understand Li Tiaoyuan by saying, "First, recognizing that our love for our own nation, hometown, and culture is the foundation of all our undertakings; second, we must learn that Li Tiaoyuan can do what he does. To spread and inherit traditional culture. For example, in spreading, he runs Sichuan opera classes to teach children to sing operas, and he also edits the scripts himself. Inheritance, Luo Jiang’s family motto is'being humble, practicing morals and doing good deeds'. To teach his son, his son is also a famous scholar. The third point is that Li Tiaoyuan loves traditional culture and loves his hometown culture. He has been engaged in the research of traditional culture all his life. His respect for academics and his contribution to Shu culture are worthwhile. We learn."
At present, Deyang City has Li Tiaoyuan Memorial Hall, Xingyuan, Li Tiaoyuan Reading Desk, Li Cliff Ancestral Hall Dunben Hall Cliff Stone Inscriptions, Li Clan Ancestral Temple Family Regulations, etc., Mianyang City has Li Diaoyuan's birthplace courtyard, ruins of Wanjuanlou, books Mound, reading table, etc. After Li Tiaoyuan was selected as the second batch of historical celebrities, Wang Chuan looked forward to Sichuan Cultural Tourism's efforts to increase the development of Li Tiaoyuan's IP and explore the contemporary value of historical celebrities. "Li Tiaoyuan has many articles that can be done. He can promote the integration of culture and tourism through various inheritances and transformations, and promote the new development of our traditional Chinese culture."
Wang Chuan Introduction
Wang Chuan, male, born in 1969, a native of Leshan, Sichuan, a Distinguished Professor of "Shishan Scholar" of Sichuan Normal University, director of China Modern and Economic Research Center, doctoral tutor of Sichuan University, "New Century Excellent Talent Support Program" of the Ministry of Education Selected, member of the Fifth History Teaching Steering Committee (2018-2022) of the Ministry of Education, eleventh batch of outstanding experts with outstanding contributions, twelfth batch of provincial academic and technical leaders, and the third Sichuan expert review (Review) Committee member and other titles and honors, concurrently serving as vice president of the Chinese Ancient Capital Society, vice president of Sichuan Bashu Cultural Research Association, vice president of Sichuan Folklore Society, vice chairman of Sichuan Folk Artists Association and other positions.