The International Court of Justice has rejected most of Russia's claims to Crimea. The court found that Russia violated the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination in Crimea.

It also found that the Russian annexation of Crimea violated the Convention's provisions on the right to freedom of speech and the right of the people of Crimea to have a voice in the affairs of their country. The International Court also rejected the Russian claim that Crimea is part of the Russian Federation, and that the annexation of the peninsula was a violation of the Convention.