The jurisprudence of minorities stems from the Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet. It aims to preserve the religion and identity of Muslims and get them out of the state of isolation to integrate and effectiveness in society.
The European Council for Fatwa and Research issued fatwas on these issues through ijtihad, which does not contradict the text. In fasting, for example, the Council formed a team of scholars who went to cities and regions where night and day must be fasted by Muslims.