"Punitive voting"... Why did the Justice and Development Party lose the elections in Türkiye?.
The CHP obtained a municipal council majority for both the municipalities of Ankara and Istanbul, which were held by the ruling CHP coalition, in the previous elections. Despite losing the mayorship of the two municipalities to the opposition. The hypothesis of punitive voting prompts the third indicator that supports the hypothesis that the Welfare Party advanced in these elections and came in third place. The difference between the two stations is that the latter is a local municipal election whose direct impact on political life in the country is minimal.