Retail: Sales will shrink in real terms in 2023 – especially in grocery stores. December is considered a strong month for retail, but now data shows that sales have fallen during this time.

At least some economists see signs of hope for private consumption. Ifo economics chief Timo Wollmershäuser sees “first rays of hope” Citizens face burdens: price caps for energy expired at the beginning of the year, and a VAT of 19 percent is due again in the catering industry.