Towards high-end, intelligent and green development
The manufacturing industry enters the "highway" of innovation (Online China)
Our reporter Li Zhen
Manufacturing is an important foundation of the real economy.
Through technological innovation and industrial innovation, promoting the manufacturing industry to accelerate the development of digitization, networking, and intelligence is the key to China's transformation from a large manufacturing country to a strong manufacturing country.
A few days ago, six departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, and the China Securities Regulatory Commission jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of High-Quality Manufacturing Enterprises". Guiding opinions were put forward for the development of intelligent, green, and other aspects.
The level of intelligence is greatly improved
In order to promote the development of high-end, intelligent and green manufacturing enterprises, the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of High-Quality Manufacturing Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") proposes to accelerate the development of a new generation of information technology and the integration of manufacturing.
China Baowu Iron and Steel Group is a representative of enterprises that fully apply technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing to steel production.
The C008 hot-dip galvanizing intelligent workshop in Baoshan Iron and Steel Base in Shanghai is called the "black light factory". With multiple technologies such as artificial intelligence research and judgment, industrial robots, and remote centralized control, the factory does not require manual operation and can achieve 24 hours without lights. Operation.
In the workshop, everything from transporting steel coils and loading materials to patrolling the blast furnace to removing slag in the zinc pot area has all been completed by robots, subverting people's old impression of steel production.
At the all-weather finished product terminal at Baoshan Base on the Yangtze River, 5G technology is used to make heavy-duty highway unmanned vehicles the main transportation force.
An unmanned heavy-duty frame truck with a blue body and a load of 120 tons drove out of the coil warehouse, along a predetermined route, and sent the finished coil to the dock.
When the heavy-duty frame truck is parked beside the ship's side, the unmanned crane will lift the steel coils one by one and accurately send them into the cabin.
At the end of last year, Baowu Iron and Steel Group also released an industrial Internet platform developed after five years of research and development, which can form a scale that links more than 3.5 million equipment, 140,000 enterprises, and more than 1,600 industrial models.
According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, since the "13th Five-Year Plan", the level of digital networking and intelligence in China's manufacturing industry has been significantly improved. The production efficiency of pilot demonstration projects has increased by an average of 45%, and the product development cycle has been shortened by an average of 35%.
According to the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Intelligent Manufacturing Development" (draft for comments), by 2025, manufacturing enterprises above designated size will be basically digitized, and key industries in key industries will initially realize intelligent transformation.
Speed up independent research and development of industrial software
At present, China still has some shortcomings in the field of intelligent manufacturing, and it needs to break through the "stuck neck" challenge in software and hardware.
How to speed up the independent research and development of industrial software and realize the localization of core industrial software is a focus in the development of intelligent manufacturing.
Industrial software is the brain and nerve of industrial manufacturing, including software and systems related to R&D and design, business management, production scheduling, process control, and operation and maintenance. It is the application of computer technology in industrial and engineering fields.
Data show that in 2019, China's industrial software products achieved revenue of 172 billion yuan, and further growth in 2020 will reach 197.4 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2% year-on-year.
When referring to the improvement of the independent innovation capability of high-quality enterprises, the "Opinions" pointed out that it is necessary to "promote the development of industrial digitalization, vigorously promote the promotion and application of independent and controllable industrial software, and improve the level of enterprise software."
According to Li Keming, deputy general manager of Shenyang Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., in recent years, a group of software companies and colleges and universities have begun to build domestic commercial industrial simulation software, which is gradually showing a trend of industrial clustering, and some representatives have also emerged. However, independent research and development enterprises of industrial simulation software are still very weak in terms of scale and market share.
Li Keming suggested that you can try to give tax incentives to software development companies, encourage software companies to develop the first batch of software for industry companies to try out, or try to establish a domestic simulation software cooperation platform led by application companies, adopt market-oriented operations, and the competent authority will give policies. , Financial support, attract a group of independent research and development industrial simulation software companies to join the platform, and accelerate the promotion of industrial applications.
School-enterprise interaction promotes the transformation of scientific and technological achievements
Promoting the in-depth integration of scientific research and industry is also the key to enhancing the innovation capability of the manufacturing industry.
In this regard, the "Opinions" proposed to promote the opening of major national scientific research infrastructure and large-scale scientific research instruments to high-quality enterprises.
In the Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Graduate School of Water Resources Utilization and Water Environment Safety Research Center, expensive equipment can be shared to provide services for enterprises.
"The imported equipment for rapid detection of heavy metal content in waste water in the school laboratory costs the lowest price of 700,000 yuan to 800,000 yuan, and the cost of each startup is about 2,000 yuan. If small and medium-sized enterprises do one or two sample testing, they will need to purchase additional equipment. Obviously, it is not necessary to equip full-time experimental personnel with similar equipment. But for schools, the laboratory will test batch samples every day, and the cost of testing several samples from a company is extremely low." According to Wang Hongjie, a researcher at the research center, the school The sharing of scientific research equipment has reduced unnecessary cost input for enterprises and helped enterprises to innovate and develop.
Such school-enterprise interaction is supported by policies.
Every year, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance will evaluate and assess the open sharing of major scientific research infrastructure and large-scale scientific research instruments of central-level institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes.
The content of the evaluation and assessment includes "the effectiveness of shared services", that is, the situation of providing shared services around major technological innovations and the needs of small, medium and micro enterprises.
Units with better evaluation results will be supported by post-subsidies; units with poor evaluation results will be publicly notified and related funds will be reduced according to the specific circumstances.
Corresponding policies have greatly encouraged universities and research institutes, and better and more efficient interaction between schools and enterprises will surely further promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.