The epidemic forces the development of the digital economy, 15 new formats and new models are supported by policies
Our reporter Liu Yuanyuan
Recently, 13 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission, the Central Cyberspace Administration of China, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Education jointly issued the "Opinions on Supporting the Healthy Development of New Business Forms and New Models to Activate the Consumer Market to Drive Employment Expansion" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions").
In the fight against the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the digital economy has played an irreplaceable positive role and has become a new engine for my country's economic and social development. The "Opinions" put forward in the general requirements that new business models and models that support online and offline integration should be taken as an important breakthrough for economic transformation and reform and innovation, and to break traditional inertial thinking.
How to view the background of the release of the "Opinions"? Compared with previous measures to support the development of the digital economy, what are the characteristics of the new document? Related experts interpreted this.
The digital economy ushered in an opportunity, and the New Deal mobilized innovation enthusiasm
"The digital economy is actually an economic form driven and promoted by digital productivity." Talking about the understanding of the digital economy, Gong Ke, Chairman of the World Federation of Engineering Organizations and Executive Director of the China Academy of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy Said at the 2020 SME Digital Economy Global Forum held a few days ago.
Gong Ke believes that the development of digitization and networking has brought a lot of data, and data has become a production factor. Dealing with this production factor requires tools, and this tool is digital technology. Production and living on this basis require infrastructure, which is the so-called new infrastructure.
The new "Opinions" that has attracted the most attention is that it includes 15 new formats and models of the digital economy in the scope of support.
Specifically include: vigorously develop integrated online education; actively develop Internet healthcare; encourage the development of convenient online office; continuously improve the level of digital governance; cultivate an industry platform-based development ecology; accelerate the pace of digital transformation of traditional enterprises; create a virtual industry that crosses physical boundaries Parks and industrial clusters; develop an unmanned economy based on new technologies.
In addition, it also includes: actively cultivating new individuals and supporting independent employment; vigorously developing micro-economy and encouraging sideline innovation; strengthening the protection of labor rights in flexible employment, exploring multiple practices; expanding new shared living spaces; creating new driving forces for shared production; exploring production materials Sharing new models; stimulating new vitality in the circulation of data elements.
In Gong Ke's view, after the emergence of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, people need to maintain social distance and reduce contact, which brings opportunities for the development of the digital economy. For example, online learning, online meetings, online exhibitions, etc., enable more people to experience digital life, production, and work, and accelerate the digitalization process.
“A large number of new business formats and new models have emerged rapidly, and they have played an irreplaceable role in helping epidemic prevention and control, protecting people’s lives, hedging industry pressure, driving economic recovery, and supporting stable employment. New business formats and new models have spawned a large number of new occupations. The general public has opened up new channels for innovation and wealth creation." When talking about the background of the "Opinions", the relevant person in charge of the Innovation and High-Tech Development Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said.
Therefore, the promulgation of the "Opinions" is also to implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, do a solid job of "six stability", implement the tasks of "six guarantees", further mobilize the innovation enthusiasm of market entities, stimulate market vitality, and effectively support employment Policy guarantee.
Eliminate constraints and cultivate a digital transformation ecosystem
"During this new crown pneumonia epidemic, the digital economy has played an increasingly important role in supporting the'six stability and six guarantees'." said the person in charge of the Innovation and High-Tech Development Department of the National Development and Reform Commission.
Recent economic data for the first half of the year showed that investment in e-commerce services in the first half of 2020 increased by more than 30%, and online retail sales of physical goods increased by 14.3% year-on-year, accounting for 25.2% of total retail sales of consumer goods, an increase of 5.6 year-on-year Percentage points.
However, it should also be noted that in embracing the digital economy, there are still many constraints that need to be broken.
"Our country has entered a stage of deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and the real economy.'The old and the new are intertwined, and the old and new are intertwined, and the old and new are intertwined.' Policies and systems have been difficult to adapt to development needs." The person in charge introduced that the "Opinions" mainly introduced measures from four aspects to eliminate the constraints facing the development of new business models and models and create a good development environment.
These include: optimizing business governance methods to further stimulate market innovation capabilities; strengthening digital transformation coordination to further enhance the benefits of digital transformation; improving employment services and security systems to further activate new employment potential; reforming the production materials management system to further improve the efficiency of factor utilization.
In terms of strengthening coordination of digital transformation and further enhancing the benefits of digital transformation, the person in charge said that at present, some small, medium and micro enterprises are facing the dilemma of "transformation is to die, not to change is to wait for death" in the digital transformation. It is necessary to enhance the digital transformation of public service capabilities, cultivate a digital transformation ecology, and improve transformation efficiency.
"In the process of digital economy development, we must pay full attention to small and medium-sized enterprises." Gong Ke believes that the smooth completion of digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises should be regarded as an important task for advancing the digital economy. Many small and medium-sized enterprises still face many difficulties in the process of digital transformation. The current response measures include the establishment of open innovation platforms and open source models, which may lower the threshold for digital transformation of SMEs.
Multi-departmental coordination to form a joint force for overall planning
During the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the National Development and Reform Commission has introduced many measures to promote the development of the digital economy. For example, in April this year, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Central Cyberspace Affairs Office jointly issued the "Implementation Plan on Promoting the Action of "Migrating to the Cloud and Using Data to Empower Intelligence" to Cultivate New Economic Development.
So, what are the new features of the "Opinions" released this time?
According to the person in charge of the Innovation and High-Tech Development Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, the newly issued "Opinions" mainly have three characteristics: embodying encouragement of innovation, embodying precise policy implementation, and embodying coordinated advancement.
“For the first time, the document proposes sharing production materials, virtual industrial parks and industrial clusters, new individual economy, sideline innovation, and micro-economy. These are the results of market entities’ innovation.” Regarding the encouragement of innovation, the person in charge said: “Innovation to the market More room for imagination, fully mobilize the innovation enthusiasm of market players, activate factor resources, stimulate market vitality, and better release the innovation efficiency of digitalization in various fields of the real economy."
Not only that, the reporter noticed that the "Opinions" also mentioned the "home economy" that was very popular during the new crown pneumonia epidemic and online live broadcast. The "Opinions" proposes to support the orderly development of online diversified social networking and short video platforms; guide the rational development of the "home economy" and promote the standardized and healthy development of new services such as online live broadcasting.
According to reports, in terms of precise policy implementation, the document is not divided according to traditional industries, but is guided in an orderly manner based on the development characteristics of the key directions of the 15 new business formats and new models, conforming to the development trend of cross-integration and innovation of traditional business formats and the Internet. In response to the characteristics of different business formats, the document proposes innovative key policies in accordance with different aspects such as new online service models, digital transformation of the production field, new individual economy, and innovative production factor supply.
In addition, the document also reflects coordinated advancement. "The deep integration of the Internet and the real economy has produced a large number of new business forms and new models, involving a large number of industries and covering a wide range. The document was jointly issued by 13 departments to further strengthen the coordination of inter-departmentalities, and the implementation of each policy is clearly specified. Responsible department to ensure the follow-up co-ordination and formation of joint forces.” The person in charge explained.