In November, the "Science" rumors list was released: Toothpaste can kill Helicobacter pylori, eating pears can cure cough, donating blood, and affecting human immunity.
The heart stent has been eliminated? No such thing
Not long ago, the news that “the country’s centralized procurement with a quantity of heart stents cut from tens of thousands of yuan to 700 yuan for the floor” was really exciting.
However, the voice of "heart stents is outdated and has been eliminated in the United States" followed.
Is the heart stent really dead?
No such thing.
The November "Science" rumors list just released.
In addition, eating pears in autumn and winter can treat coughs, steaming rice with sugar-free rice cookers can reduce 70% of the sugar in rice, and "anti-you toothpaste" can kill Helicobacter pylori in the stomach and other health rumors. Make the list.
The "Monthly'Science' Rumor List" is under the guidance of the Beijing Association for Science and Technology, Beijing Office of Cyberspace Affairs, and the Capital Internet Association, and jointly released by the Beijing Science and Technology Journalists and Editors Association and the Beijing regional website in conjunction with the rumor rejection platform.
Rumor: Compared with ordinary rice cookers, steaming rice with de-sugar rice cookers can reduce the sugar content of rice by 70%
The truth: According to the "Method for Measuring Food Glycemic Index" released by my country at the end of 2019, experts from Beijing Institute of Nutrition Research conducted a "double-blind" measurement of the steamed rice from the "de-sugar rice cooker" and the ordinary rice cooker. .
The experimental results show that the blood sugar formed after the rice steamed from the two rice cookers enters the human body is practically the same.
In other words, the same amount of rice is absorbed by the body and converted into almost the same amount of blood sugar.
The so-called "de-sugar rice cooker" does not have the effect of "de-sugarizing" rice, and the 70% sugar reduction rate claimed by some sellers is even more out of the question.
Carbohydrates in food are divided into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Starch is a kind of polysaccharide, which needs to be digested and decomposed in a very complicated way, and finally becomes glucose before it can be absorbed and utilized by the body.
The "de-sugar rice cooker" wants to prevent the human blood sugar from increasing by washing off the starch, which is impractical and difficult to do.
This will also lead to the loss of some water-soluble vitamins and other nutrients, which is detrimental to human health.
The most important thing in scientific sugar control is to control your mouth and open your legs. Compared with the two, the more important thing is to control your mouth.
There is no scientific evidence for the so-called methods that can eat, not move, and lower blood sugar.
Rumor: Infection with Helicobacter pylori will definitely get stomach cancer, only "anti-you toothpaste" can kill bacteria
The truth: Helicobacter pylori is indeed a Class I carcinogen, but this does not mean that you will get gastric cancer if you are infected with Helicobacter pylori.
The occurrence of gastric cancer is also affected by genetics, diet and other factors.
Studies have shown that only 1% of people infected with Helicobacter pylori have gastric malignancies, which may be higher in East Asia such as China, Japan and South Korea.
At the same time, Helicobacter pylori prefers to grow in the antrum of the stomach, not in the mouth, and toothpaste does not work in the stomach at all.
The so-called "anti-you toothpaste" has neither a preventive effect nor a sterilization effect.
The main method to eradicate Helicobacter pylori is the "quadruple plan", that is, two stomach medicines combined with two antibiotics for 14 consecutive days.
But even so, the sterilization rate of the drug is only over 80%.
In addition, there is no public report mentioning which Chinese medicine or prescription of Chinese medicine can definitely kill Helicobacter pylori.
In the face of Helicobacter pylori, the treatment is not "seeing bacteria and sterilization", because not everyone with Helicobacter pylori infection needs sterilization treatment.
When the Helicobacter pylori test result is positive, for some people with risk factors, such as a family history of gastric cancer, a history of peptic ulcer, atrophic gastritis, refractory gastric disease, or lymphoma and other Helicobacter pylori-related diseases People must undergo sterilization treatment; for some people, if they have symptoms related to gastric disease, they need to be combined with gastroscopy, and the doctor will decide whether to perform sterilization treatment. For asymptomatic infections without a family history of gastric cancer, sterilization treatment is not necessary.
Rumor: The heart stent is outdated and has been eliminated in the United States
The truth: Heart stents, also known as coronary stents, are equipment used for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which can effectively improve the symptoms of coronary heart disease patients and greatly reduce the mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Cardiac stents are used to treat coronary heart disease. The stent is delivered to the blood vessels of the heart from the blood vessels of the wrist or thigh without surgery, and then it is stretched to relieve the stenosis of the heart blood vessels.
Heart stents are one of the three main treatments for coronary heart disease, and the other two are drugs and bypass surgery.
According to the 2019 China Cardiovascular Health and Disease Report, nearly 1 million people in China receive stent treatment each year.
With the popularization of medical technology and the increasing incidence of coronary heart disease in China, there will be more patients receiving stents in the future.
Some scholars analyzed the situation of stent placement in 1,752 hospitals in the United States and 1,108 hospitals in Japan from 2013 to 2017, and found that the number of patients receiving stent therapy in the United States was about 550,000 in 2013, and that number increased to 638,000 in 2017. An increase of 15.8%.
In Japan, there were 180,000 coronary interventions in 2013, and 247,000 in 2017, an increase of 36%.
It can be seen that stents are currently one of the main methods for the treatment of coronary heart disease in both the United States and China.
Especially for patients with acute myocardial infarction, stents are the first choice for life-saving measures.
Since myocardial infarction is a fatal disease, opening blood vessels as soon as possible and restoring blood flow can not only save lives, but also save the myocardium that is about to die. It is the most advanced method in the world.
Rumor: Eat more pears in autumn and winter to treat cough
Truth: Coughing is a defense mechanism of the human body.
Specifically, if the ears, nose, throat, trachea, bronchus, pleura and other parts are irritated, the irritation will be reported to the medulla oblongata; the cough center in the medulla oblongata directs the pharyngeal and diaphragm muscles, let us take a deep breath and shut down the sound Door, and then exhale vigorously to get rid of the bad irritation.
In other words, there are many causes of coughing, and the manifestations vary.
Coughing with fever means infection; coughing with chest pain, you must consider the possibility of tumor; coughing every fall, perhaps chronic bronchitis; coughing with breathing difficulties, may be chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
These diseases should be checked and treated early. Pears can't help much.
Pears account for nearly 90% of their water content. It is not realistic to eat one or two pears to treat diseases.
Rumor: Blood donation will affect human immunity
Truth: The human body’s immune system mainly consists of three parts: a barrier composed of skin and mucous membranes, an innate defense system composed of phagocytes, and an acquired immune system composed of B cells and T cells.
Phagocytes, B cells, and T cells are all white blood cells.
White blood cells have a certain lifespan. After a certain period of time, the human body will destroy the old white blood cells; at the same time, the bone marrow and other hematopoietic tissues are producing new white blood cells every moment.
Therefore, blood donation will not affect immunity.
Blood donation does not cause long-term damage to healthy people.
Generally, the total blood volume of an adult is 4000 ml to 5000 ml, and a blood donation of 200 ml only accounts for 1/20 to 1/25 of the total blood volume. In clinical medicine practice, patients with blood loss below 600 ml are generally treated Blood transfusion is not recommended.
This shows that donating 200 ml of blood will not affect health.
After a single blood donation, the human body can recover quickly.
Blood donation management organizations such as the Red Cross and relevant government departments have strictly regulated the intervals between blood donations, allowing a sufficient recovery period for volunteers.
In theory, multiple donations of blood will not adversely affect the human body.
Text / reporter Li Jie