Carry out the "Thousands of Townships and Tens of Thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind Action" to explore a new model of village-enterprise cooperative investment and construction——
Promote the development of wind power in rural areas according to local conditions (policy interpretation)
Our reporter Ding Yiting
Wind energy resources are abundant and widely distributed in rural areas of my country. Making full use of scattered land in rural areas and promoting local and nearby development and utilization of wind power according to local conditions is of great significance to strengthening the village collective economy, assisting the overall revitalization of rural areas, promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of rural energy, and achieving peak carbon neutrality.
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Energy Administration, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly issued the "Notice on Organizing and Carrying out the "Thousands of Townships and Thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind Action"" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), which proposed that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, when necessary In rural areas of counties (cities, districts, banners) that meet certain conditions, a number of wind power projects will be built on a village-by-village basis for local and nearby development and utilization. In principle, each administrative village shall not exceed 20 MW, and we will explore the formation of “village-enterprise cooperation.” The new model of wind power investment and construction and the new revenue distribution mechanism of "co-construction and sharing" promote the construction of a new pattern of wind power development and utilization in which "wind power exists in the village, collective income increases, and villagers benefit".
How to specifically organize and implement the "Thousands of Villages and Tens of Thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind Action"? What policy support will be provided to allow wind power to better enter rural areas? The reporter conducted the interview.
It will open up new market space for wind power development and help the overall revitalization of rural areas.
"Currently, my country's wind power is mainly developed on a large scale in the three northern regions. As low-wind speed power generation technology gradually matures, it is increasingly feasible and economical to develop wind power locally and nearby in the central and southeastern regions." National Energy Administration New Energy and Renewable Energy According to the relevant person in charge of the company, if 1,000 qualified villages are selected for pilot development every year, and calculated based on the installed capacity of each village of 20,000 kilowatts, 20 million kilowatts of new wind power installed capacity can be added a year, and the new investment will be about 100 billion yuan, which can provide The development of wind power opens up new market space and can also better play its role in promoting development, expanding investment and stabilizing growth.
The implementation of the "Thousands of Townships and Tens of Thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind Action" can also become a powerful starting point to promote the rural energy revolution and an important carrier to assist the overall revitalization of rural areas. On the one hand, promoting the development of wind power in rural areas and achieving multi-energy complementarity and deep integration with rural distributed photovoltaics, biomass power generation, etc. will help adjust the rural energy structure and help achieve carbon peak carbon neutrality. On the other hand, the "Thousands of Villages and Villages Harnessing the Wind Action" supports various investment entities and relevant village collectives to jointly participate in the development, construction and operation of wind power projects according to the "village-enterprise cooperation" model, and encourages the sharing of wind power projects through land use rights and other methods in accordance with the law. The income will help broaden the channels for village collectives and farmers to increase their income and become rich.
Implement a "combination punch" of policies such as optimizing the approval process, handling land use in accordance with the law, and ensuring grid connection and consumption.
In order to better organize and carry out the "Wind Harnessing Action for Thousands of Townships and Tens of Thousands of Villages", and in view of the difficulties and blockages in decentralized wind power development in the past, the "Notice" opens up ideas, innovates mechanisms, and mobilizes the enthusiasm and creativity of all parties.
——Optimize the approval process. The "Notice" encourages all localities to explore the trial registration system for wind power projects under the "Thousands of Townships and Tens of Thousands of Villages Controlling the Wind" wind power projects, provide "one-stop" services based on actual conditions, and uniformly handle preliminary procedures for projects jointly developed in the same administrative village or neighboring villages. For projects that do not involve sensitive areas such as soil and water conservation, environmental protection, vegetation restoration, or overburdened minerals, the investment entity and the village collective must issue a commitment, and the relevant competent authorities shall issue supporting opinions, and the relevant procedures can be expedited in accordance with the law.
——Manage land use in accordance with the law. The "Notice" proposes that under the premise of complying with the land spatial planning and not involving permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, nature reserves and national desertified land closed reserves, rural scattered non-cultivated land shall be fully utilized and the "thousands of villages and towns" shall be handled in accordance with laws and regulations. The land used for the wind power project of "Village Harnessing the Wind Action". For land that does not occupy cultivated land, change the surface form, or change the land use, explore ways to obtain it through leasing. If it is really necessary to occupy cultivated land, land use procedures must be completed in accordance with laws and regulations. Encourage and promote the use of land-saving technologies and land-saving models, and use land economically and intensively.
"Currently, various new land-saving technologies are being promoted, such as the 'prestressed frame steel tube wind power tower land-saving technology' similar to the Eiffel Tower in Paris." Qin Haiyan, secretary-general of the Wind Energy Professional Committee of the China Renewable Energy Society, gave an example. The actual area of the tower is only 6 square meters, which saves about 27 square meters compared with traditional towers. It adopts four-point load-bearing distribution, and the bottom is elevated without affecting agricultural mechanization operations.
——Ensure grid-connected consumption. The "Thousands of Villages and Tens of Thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind" wind power projects are guaranteed to be connected to the grid by power grid enterprises, and are mainly consumed locally. The on-grid electricity price is implemented in accordance with the new energy on-grid electricity price policy for the year of grid connection. Participation in market-oriented transactions and participation in the market are encouraged. Transaction power does not participate in auxiliary service cost sharing.
In addition, the "Notice" encourages wind power and distributed photovoltaics and other clean energy sources to form a rural multi-energy complementary comprehensive energy system, and projects with significant implementation effects will be included in rural new energy micro-energy network demonstrations and other renewable energy development pilot demonstrations in a timely manner. Innovate investment and financing methods, and further increase support for the wind power projects of the "Thousands of Townships and Tens of Thousands of Villages Controlling the Wind" wind power projects in terms of financing and loans.
"The clear on-grid power and on-grid electricity price policies give certainty to the income of wind power projects and enable companies to have evidence to rely on when making decisions. Encouraging participation in market transactions and participating in market transaction power without participating in the sharing of ancillary service costs can increase the income of wind power projects. Maximize the benefits to enterprises, village collectives and villagers." Qin Haiyan said.
Adapt measures to local conditions, give priority to ecology, implement them one at a time when conditions are ripe, and do not rush into things all at once
The situation in rural areas in my country is different. The "Notice" emphasizes that organizing and carrying out the "Operation to Control the Wind in Thousands of Townships and Tens of Thousands of Villages" must be based on local conditions and make overall plans. Based on rural wind energy resources and scattered idle land resources in various places, we should coordinate economic and social development, ecological environment protection, power grid carrying capacity, production and operation safety, etc., and rationally arrange the scale, projects and layout of wind power development and utilization on-site and nearby. If we can build it, build it. , pilot projects should be carried out first, and when conditions are ripe, they will be implemented one by one, without swarming with others or rushing ahead.
"Each province (autonomous region, city) should first carry out pilot projects in qualified administrative villages, sum up experience based on the pilot situation, and then promote it in a timely manner, rather than rolling it out across the province at once." National Energy Administration New Energy and Renewables According to the relevant person in charge of the Energy Department, all cities and towns should prepare detailed implementation plans based on the provincial overall plan and counties (cities, districts, banners) to clarify the project site layout, installed capacity scale, construction arrangements, land use, ecological environmental protection and benefits. Distribution mechanism, etc., and promote implementation in an orderly manner.
The "Notice" also proposed that cooperation between villages and enterprises should be adhered to to benefit the people. With the village as the unit, village-enterprise cooperation as the main form, and profit sharing as the purpose, we fully mobilize the enthusiasm of both village collectives and investing enterprises, fully respect the wishes of farmers, and effectively protect the interests of farmers. "Encourage the exploration and formation of a new rural energy cooperation model of 'co-construction and sharing' through land use rights equity participation, setting up public welfare positions and other methods in accordance with the law to ensure that the collective increases income and villagers benefit." Relevant person in charge of the New Energy and Renewable Energy Department of the National Energy Administration explain.
Adhere to ecological priority and integrated development. The "Thousands of Villages and Tens of Thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind Action" wind power projects must conduct environmental impact assessments in accordance with the law. On the basis of meeting the general technical standards for wind power and ecological and environmental protection requirements, focus on the possible impact of the project on surrounding production, life, and ecology. Encourage the use of land-saving, low-noise, high-efficiency, and intelligent wind turbines and technologies suitable for rural environments to achieve synergy and complementarity with rural energy and deep integration with rural industries.
"Currently, some wind power companies are actively exploring the integration of local characteristic humanistic elements into project design, which can not only promote the organic integration of wind power development with rural scenery, but also activate rural tourism resources." Qin Haiyan said.
According to the Notice, the market mechanism will be improved next. It is not allowed to increase unreasonable investment costs in the name of supporting industries, collecting resource fees in disguised form, etc. Encourage and support private enterprises and private capital to actively participate in the "Thousands of Townships and Tens of thousands of Villages Harnessing the Wind Action". Provincial energy authorities, agricultural and rural departments, and agencies dispatched by the National Energy Administration will strengthen project supervision, strengthen information disclosure, give full play to the role of social supervision, and effectively protect the legitimate and reasonable rights and interests of all parties.
"People's Daily" (Page 2, April 5, 2024)