To promote development and benefit people's livelihood, the "national account book" shows its strength and expresses the temperature

[Perspective of the Two Sessions] Promote development and benefit people’s livelihood, and the “national account book” shows its strength and releases the temperature

　　This year is a critical year for achieving the goals and tasks of the "14th Five-Year Plan".

In the "critical years", how can the "national ledger" be calculated carefully to better support the overall economic growth and improvement of people's livelihood?

The latest budget report gives the answer: "Proactive fiscal policies must be appropriately intensified, improve quality and efficiency", "implement structural tax reduction and fee reduction policies, reasonably grasp the intensity of policies, and focus on supporting technological innovation and manufacturing development." "Vigorously optimize the expenditure structure, insist on tight living conditions for party and government organs, and strictly control general expenditures"...

　　Representatives and committee members all said that the budget report focuses on promoting development and benefiting people's livelihood, demonstrating its strength and conveying warmth. The fiscal policy in the new year is expected to be effective, and the implementation of various policy measures will be effectively guaranteed.

　　Targeted and appropriate intensification

　　This year’s budget report proposes that the national general public budget revenue will be 22,395 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%.

Including the transferred funds and the use of carryover balances of 2.094 billion yuan, the total revenue was 24.489 billion yuan.

The national general public budget expenditure was 28,549 billion yuan (including 50 billion yuan in central reserve funds), an increase of 4%.

The deficit rate is set at 3%, and the national fiscal deficit is 4.06 trillion yuan, an increase of 180 billion yuan from the budget at the beginning of last year.

　　“After reading this year’s budget report, the biggest feeling is that it is pragmatic.” Representative Tian Xuan, deputy dean of Tsinghua University PBC School of Finance, said that the intensification and efficiency improvement of fiscal policy in 2024 follows the principle of moderation, total balance, mainly in structure We strive to achieve greater results.

　　Representative Tian Xuan believes that the fiscal budget arrangement of "receive and release" is in line with the structural characteristics of our country's economy entering a critical stage of transformation this year. It is in the face of the pressure on global economic growth expectations and insufficient effective demand, weak social expectations, and still hidden risks. More challenges, arrangements made in compliance with the principle of consistency in policy orientation.

　　"The issuance of 1,000 billion yuan of ultra-long-term special treasury bonds, not included in the deficit, will be used exclusively for the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas." Many representatives and committee members have noticed the new actions taken in this year's fiscal policy.

　　Representative Tang Liang, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and chairman of Aosheng Group, said that the country will issue ultra-long-term special treasury bonds for several consecutive years, which reflects the continuity and durability of the fiscal policy itself and is also conducive to maximizing the effect of policy implementation.

　　"This reflects the policy intention of counter-cyclical expansion of fiscal policy." Representative Tian Xuan told reporters that the stable ultra-long-term special treasury bond arrangement will better help coordinate the relationship between development and security, and the central government's bond issuance is relatively lower than that of local governments. Lower costs and longer cycles can better help generate new momentum and form long-term high-quality assets.

　　Safeguard high-quality development

　　“The central government has allocated 10.4 billion yuan in special funds for rebuilding the industrial base and high-quality development of the manufacturing industry” and “strengthening guarantees for key R&D plans and major special projects in the manufacturing sector, and promoting the solution of key common technical problems in the industry”…

　　This year's budget report proposes to support accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and increase support for enterprise innovation and development, sending a positive signal of support for enterprise innovation and development between the lines.

This made many representatives from enterprises feel excited and inspired, and made them full of expectations and confidence in future development.

　　“Implement policies such as additional pre-tax deductions for R&D expenses and tax reductions and exemptions for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and support enterprises to participate more in major national science and technology projects...” After reading this, representative Cai Jinchai, president of Fujian Panpan Food Group, specially wrote below with a pen Label.

　　"Last year, the government's direct funding discounts for enterprises, such as R&D super deductions and export tax rebates, totaled more than 40 million yuan. We used all of these funds for technological innovation, workshop upgrades, and product quality improvement." Representative Cai Jinchai said that in recent years, Fiscal policies in recent years have frequently brought "timely rain", allowing enterprises to achieve better development.

　　This year, the budget report proposes to establish and improve a catalog of preferential policies for enterprises and make them public in a timely manner, resolutely curb vicious competitive behaviors such as illegal tax introduction and rebates in local investment promotion, and strive to eliminate various forms of local protection and market segmentation.

At the same time, it was emphasized that on the basis of implementing the structural tax reduction and fee reduction policies, we should continue to standardize the management of non-tax revenue and strictly prohibit arbitrary fees, fines and apportionments.

　　Representative Pan Baochun, vice president of the China Private Chamber of Commerce and chairman of Hefei Royalstar Electronics and Electrical Appliances Group, said: "This clears the way for fair competition among enterprises. It is a sincere arrangement for the sake of enterprises and a down-to-earth arrangement."

　　Financial resources are further tilted towards grassroots and people's livelihood

　　"The central government has allocated 66.7 billion yuan in employment subsidy funds to support local governments in improving their public employment service capabilities and implementing detailed employment and entrepreneurship support policies." "The per capita financial subsidy standard for basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents has been increased by 30 yuan, reaching 670 yuan per person per year." The monthly minimum standard for residents’ basic pension will be increased by 20 yuan.”… Reviewing this year’s budget report, it is clear that the policy direction of further tilting financial resources to the grassroots and people’s livelihood is very obvious.

　　Careful representatives found that among the national general public budget expenditures in 2024, education, social security and employment expenditures ranked among the top expenditures.

　　“The national finance has increased its investment in employment, giving us more confidence and confidence in doing a good job in employment.” Li Yong, director of the Chongqing Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, said, “In the next step, we will give full play to the leveraging role of funds. We will ensure that all employment policies are fully implemented and that the employed people will enjoy all the benefits they deserve, so as to stabilize the employment market."

　　In this year’s budget report, sinking financial resources is still the key word.

The report proposes to optimize transfer payments to local governments, strengthen local financial resources, optimize the distribution of financial resources below the provincial level, promote the sinking of financial resources, and enhance local high-quality development capabilities.

　　In recent years, fiscal funds have gone directly to the grassroots and directly benefited enterprises and the people. Many representatives and committee members have personal experience of this.

"Without the financial support of 500,000 yuan, I don't know how many departments I would have to go to!" Talking about the experience of raising money for village collective projects the year before last, Representative Tao Xunhua, Secretary of the Party Committee of Minjiang Village, Shou'an Town, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Said emotionally.

　　She told reporters that after reporting to her superiors to apply for funds, the approval was quickly passed.

With financial support, the project was completed and put into operation as scheduled, solving the employment problems of many villagers.

“The state’s purse provides such great support to the grassroots and such a fast response speed makes us more motivated for rural revitalization.” Representative Tao Xunhua said.

(This newspaper, Beijing, March 6)

　　Han Yunchao