Farming can also evaluate professional titles (people's eyes, cultivate and use local talents well (1))
"Talent is the most valuable resource and the basic and strategic support for accelerating the construction of an agricultural power." The key to the lack of strength in some rural development lies in the lack of talents, development guides, industrial leaders, and people who understand policies. In December 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed at the Central Rural Work Conference that "we must focus on cultivating a group of rural talents, focusing on strengthening the training of village party organization secretaries and leaders of new agricultural management entities, comprehensively improving the quality and literacy of farmers, and cultivating and using local talents." ”
In order to promote all kinds of talents to participate in rural construction, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Revitalization of Rural Talents" in February 2021, which proposed "in-depth implementation of the modern farmer cultivation plan", "encouraging family farm operators and farmer cooperative leaders to participate in the evaluation of professional titles and skill level recognition", and "implementing the 'one college student per village' cultivation plan". In December 2, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "2021th Five-Year Plan for the Development of National Agricultural and Rural Science and Technology" and the "12th Five-Year Plan for the Construction and Development of Agricultural and Rural Talents", which clearly stated that "train 100 million industrial development leaders, social undertaking leaders and grassroots organization leaders with middle and higher education, cultivate 500 million high-quality farmers", "strengthen the construction of talent service platforms such as talent service stations and expert service bases, and provide policy consultation, title declaration, and project declaration for agricultural and rural talents." , financing docking and other services". This year's Central Document No. <> proposed to "implement a plan for cultivating high-quality farmers."
Recently, our reporter went to Shandong, Jilin, Gansu, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places to see how various localities can encourage all kinds of talents to give full play to their abilities, display their talents, and show their skills in the vast rural areas in the process of exploring and carrying out the evaluation of professional farmers' professional titles, the cultivation of new professional farmers, and the cultivation of "one college student in one village", so as to build a strong contingent of talents for rural revitalization.
From today, the reporter's investigative edition has successively launched a series of reports on "Cultivating and Using Local Talents", so stay tuned.
After planting for half his life, never going to college or issuing a thesis, Wang Duchun, a farmer in Guobeikou Village, Waizhan Town, Pingyuan County, Shandong Province, was recently awarded an intermediate title. "Farming has become a profession, and farmers have professional titles." Holding the certificate in hand, the words "farmer agronomist" are impressive, which makes Wang Duchun's heart feel good and more motivated. By the end of January, 1,9063 people in Shandong Province had been awarded the title of new professional farmers.
In 2018, the Central Document No. 2022 proposed that "all localities are encouraged to carry out pilot projects for the evaluation of professional farmers' professional titles". According to the "2021 National High-quality Farmers Development Report" organized by the Department of Science, Technology and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Central Agricultural Radio and Television School, the proportion of high-quality farmers in the country who obtained the title of farmer technician in 50 was 68.2020%, an increase of 10.55 percentage points over <>.
Who can declare the title of farmer? How is the title of farmer assessed? What is the use of a farmer's job title? What to do after evaluating the title? A few days ago, the reporter went deep into Shandong, Jilin, Gansu and other provinces that carried out pilot projects for the evaluation of professional farmers' professional titles.
Who can declare the title of farmer?
Not only academic qualifications, ages, awards, and papers, but also unblock the channels for professional farmers' professional title declaration
The ice and snow on the surface of Chagan Lake melted, and the new green of the seedling workshop sprouted. In the past few days, Liu Shuang, a farmer and senior agricultural technician in Tunaga Village, Chaganhu Town, Qianguorros Mongol Autonomous County, Jilin Province, has been busy with spring plowing and seedlings. His new rice seedling production line last year is fully open, and it can complete the cultivation of more than 400 mu of rice fields every day.
In 2018, Liu Shuang, who was working as a water producer in other places, returned to his hometown to start a business, and transferred 1300,500 acres of land to grow rice. At first, the soil fertility was poor, and the income per mu of land was only about <>,<> yuan; Later, he tried to breed Chinese river crabs in rice fields, using both water and harvesting more than one field, increasing the profit per mu by more than <> yuan.
"Liu Shuang knows technology, is good at management, and can manage, and the villagers can trust him, not only do the people in the village follow him, but last year more than 130 farmers in the province followed him on the new road of co-raising rice and crabs, and the new breeding area was nearly <>,<> mu." Ma Juchuan, a seedling worker who followed Liu Shuanggan, added, "He has a senior title." ”
Speaking of senior titles, Liu Shuang remembers the phone call notice in the summer of 2021. On that day, Wang Tu, a former staff member of the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Guorros Mongolian Autonomous County, told him: "The first batch of senior professional titles of rural talents in Jilin Province is about to begin. ”
"I'm a crop man, I have no education or papers, can I get a grade?" Liu Shuang will be suspicious. In fact, like Liu Shuang, in the impression of many people, professional and technical titles are usually aimed at professional and technical personnel of enterprises and institutions, and participants often need to meet the "hard bar" of academic qualifications, papers, research results, etc.
"To evaluate the title of a farmer is to make 'Tian Xiucai' and 'soil expert' stand out." Wang Tu patiently and meticulously answered Liu Shuang's questions.
In October 2019, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Professional Title System for Agricultural Technicians", which proposed to "further break the restrictions of household registration, region, identity, archives, etc., create convenient conditions, and smooth the professional title declaration channels for agricultural technicians in production and operation entities such as farmers' professional cooperatives, family farms, agricultural enterprises, and agricultural socialized service organizations." ”
In June 2021, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Jilin Province issued the first batch of senior professional title declaration standards for rural talents, which clarified that "the first batch of senior professional titles of rural talents can be declared, not only academic qualifications, not only age, not only awards, not only papers, all talents who take root in the countryside and revitalize agriculture can declare".
"The declaration of farmers' professional titles breaks the restrictions on academic qualifications and papers, but it does not mean that there is no threshold." Zhang Fuxin, director of the professional and technical personnel management division of the Jilin Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, introduced that the evaluation criteria are set around the dimensions of ideological quality, social benefits, economic benefits, technical level, driving ability and mass recognition, and whether the applicant of the farmer's professional title can lead the inheritance of skills, lead the development of strong industries, and drive the masses to become rich is the focus of the evaluation. ”
At that time, Liu Shuang led more than 380 farmers to engage in rice and crab co-raising, with a total area of nearly 4,1700 mu, with a comprehensive benefit of 2000,<> yuan per mu of land, and a cumulative increase of more than <> million yuan, which met the declaration conditions. Liu Shuang filled out the farmer's professional title declaration form and submitted it to the county human resources and social security bureau together with relevant certification materials.
Zhang Fuxin introduced that the implementation measures for the evaluation of the professional titles of rural revitalization talents issued by the Jilin Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security in November 2022 embodies the principle of replacing academic qualifications with ability, replacing papers with achievements, and replacing awards with contributions, and 11 majors such as rural revitalization agricultural economist and rural revitalization agronomist are set up for the professional title of rural revitalization talents, each of which is divided into three levels: primary, intermediate and senior (deputy senior). At present, more than 9,3 rural revitalization talents in Jilin Province have been awarded professional titles. This year, Jilin Province will evaluate the titles of about 4000,2000 rural revitalization talents.
For particularly outstanding local talents, some places have also established a "green channel" for professional title evaluation.
Jin Zhiqiang, a villager in Zhengchuan Village, Xingguo Town, Qin'an County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, is the first farmer in Gansu Province to be awarded a senior professional title. The Interim Measures for the Special Evaluation of Titles of Special Talents in Gansu Province, issued in July 2018, states that "professional and technical talents who have made significant contributions can directly apply for the evaluation of senior professional titles". Jin Zhiqiang is a well-known local fruit tree planter, but because he lacks papers and education, he did not pay attention to this matter at the beginning.
Unexpectedly, a few days later, the staff of the Tianshui Human Resources and Social Security Bureau took the initiative to come to the door to help Jin Zhiqiang sort out the materials for the declaration of farmers' professional titles. He has won the first prize of Tianshui Science and Technology Progress Award and the title of "Longren Proud Son" in Gansu Province, and has trained more than 10,7 farmers and technicians for free... With outstanding performance and other pluses, Jin Zhiqiang was awarded the Agricultural Technology Extension Researcher. At present, <> farmers in Gansu have been awarded senior titles through the "green channel" of special talent title evaluation.
How is the title of farmer assessed?
Grassroots management, industry pushing, expert evaluation, what farmers usually do, what the interview judges will ask
"Whoever grows a good crop, you will know when you walk around the field." Half a month after Liu Shuang submitted the senior title review materials, he received a notice: people from the county came to the field to investigate.
What are the technical difficulties of crab farming? What is the average yield of rice mu? How to promote the common prosperity of villagers? The members of the inspection team crouched on the ground and asked carefully; In a familiar environment, answering questions that he often thinks about, Liu Shuangyue speaks more smoothly. Facing the fist-sized cyan crabs in the rice field, the members of the inspection team took photos from time to time, and visited the surrounding villagers and local market supervision authorities.
Jilin Province innovates the evaluation method of farmers' professional titles, breaks the graded declaration mode of senior professional titles, and adopts a diversified evaluation method combining performance statements, interview defense, practical operation and comprehensive expert review by grassroots management, industry promotion and expert evaluation. For talents with particularly outstanding performance, the grassroots human resources and social security departments will directly report to the Provincial Human Resources and Social Security Department according to the recommended amount.
Not only Jilin, but also the pilot areas have explored and established a review model that meets local conditions in accordance with local conditions. In 2018, Shandong Province carried out pilot work in Dongying City, where senior professional titles were reviewed by experts from the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, and primary and intermediate professional titles were delegated to Dongying City. In December 2019, Zhang Yulong, the person in charge of Dongying Kangyuan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., who had just turned 12 at the time, was successfully awarded the intermediate title.
Why was Zhang Yulong awarded an intermediate title? The reporter walked into the vegetable and fruit greenhouse of Kangyuan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. located in Longju Town, Dongying District, Dongying City.
Watermelons usually grow on the ground, and some of the watermelons planted by Zhang Yulong "climb" into the air along the sling. "In the future, large watermelons will grow in the ground and small melons will knot in the air. This kind of vertical cultivation can increase the yield. While explaining to reporters, Zhang Yulong leaned over to pollinate, pinch, and thinn vines, and after taking care of it, he inserted a red label and marked the date: "On the 11th, pollination was completed." Zhang Yulong returned to his hometown after graduating from university in 2010 to start a business, cultivating watermelons in a three-dimensional greenhouse with thin and sweet skin, and was certified by the National Geographical Indication for Agricultural Products.
"Who is qualified to evaluate the professional farmer title, the grassroots have the most say." Sui Haiwei, secretary of the party committee of Longju Town, introduced that the city has established a recommendation and evaluation system suitable for the characteristics of agriculture and rural areas, giving full play to the advantages of the township party committee government and the functional departments of the county and district to grasp the situation and be familiar with farmers, and set up a recommendation committee at different levels to ensure that the recommended candidates are excellent. Zhang Yulong is a good melon planter, and the demonstration has contributed a lot, and the government staff of Longju Town took the initiative to inform the policy and recommend him to participate in the intermediate title review.
In order to improve the industry recognition of farmers' professional title evaluation, agricultural and rural departments in Shandong have set up special jury committees. "Our scientific selection judges are senior experts who are familiar with agriculture and rural economic and social development. The jury set up a number of professional judging panels to explore diversified assessment methods. Wang Yingming, director of Dongying Municipal Agriculture and Rural Bureau, said that the interview was divided into two parts, first introducing oneself, and then asking questions on the spot by the judges.
After the on-site visit of the inspection team, Zhang Yulong quickly received the notice of the review interview. "At a long table sat 13 judges, all of whom were experts with deputy senior titles or above, including grain and forestry planting, as well as aquatic and animal husbandry majors." Zhang Yulong was very nervous at the beginning of his defense, and his palms were full of sweat.
"Don't be nervous, let's talk about watermelon pollination..." one of the judges began to ask. When Zhang Yulong heard it, he asked about the work he often did, and soon relaxed and answered like a stream. When Zhang Yulong walked out of the examination room, other applicants for the professional title of farmers who were waiting for the examination hurriedly stepped forward to inquire: "What did you ask?" Zhang Yulong said: "What we usually do, the judges will ask." Five days after the results of the review were announced, Zhang Yulong received the intermediate title certificate.
"Some farmers have experience and skills, but they are easily nervous when participating in the review, so we focus on the specific production, so they can defend that they have something to say and the results are 'presented'." Wang Yingming introduced that in December 2020, Shandong Province fully delegated the review authority of senior professional titles of new professional farmers to districted cities, and each city set up corresponding evaluation committees. At the same time, the review plan and evaluation results still need to be filed with the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security and the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in a timely manner to ensure scientific and fair review.
What is the use of a farmer's job title?
Make good use of the "baton" of professional title evaluation, so that professional farmers have motivation in their work, space for development, and career heads
"Ding-dong!" A bank message received on his mobile phone caught the attention of Wei Ziming, a farmer in Liangjiadun Town, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, Gansu Province. "I didn't expect that as soon as I was rated as a deputy senior professional title, I received a subsidy of 1000,2021 yuan!" Wei Ziming raised his eyebrows. In July 7, the Organization Department of the Zhangye Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau jointly launched the "exclusive" work on the treatment of professional titles of rural practical talents: those who have obtained the qualifications of senior and deputy senior professional titles in the city will be awarded a one-time bonus of 1500,1000 yuan and <>,<> yuan respectively.
Rural revitalization talents have professional titles, which can not only receive supporting rewards and subsidies, but also bring a double improvement of personal honor and social identity. In 2021, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Jilin Province selected the best from 300 rural talent senior title winners, reviewed <> outstanding talents for rural revitalization, and awarded them the "Jilin Province High-level Talent Card", which can enjoy the treatment of talent selection and direct promotion. "After evaluating the title, I had a 'hat' on my head, and now I received a 'Jixiang Card' with a 'face' on my face!" Liu Shuang said.
To use the "baton" of professional title review, it is necessary to let farmers "have a platform" to show their talents. Armed with an atomized water gun, wearing rubber shoes to spray and stop-and-go, Yang Wanjun, deputy senior agronomist in Zhangye City, was busy in the nursery greenhouse early in the morning. Seeing the reporter walk to the door, Yang Wanjun warmly invited him to sit in the "office".
Said to be an office, it is actually a city-level skill master studio in Zhangye City. "Established in 2020, enjoy a one-time subsidy of 3,15 yuan." Pointing to the bright red characters on the metal plaque, Yang Wanjun said. "At present, Zhangye has created 30 city-level skill master studios and more than <> county-level skill master studios every year, focusing on rural practical talents with professional titles, and promoting farmers to improve their skills through 'mentoring apprentices'." Xue Yuping, deputy director of Zhangye Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, introduced.
The title review released the policy dividend, and Wang Duchun of Guobeikou Village, Waizhan Town, Pingyuan County, Shandong Province, also tasted the sweetness. In 2019, as the secretary of the party branch of Guopeikou Village, Wang Duchun led the establishment of a land share professional cooperative, which radiated to nine surrounding villages. At first, when he heard that the city wanted to evaluate the title of farmers, Wang Duchun did not take it seriously. Unexpectedly, after being evaluated, he not only received subsidies, but also gave priority to the title of "the most beautiful farmer in Pingyuan County".
The perks don't stop there. Shandong Province encourages all localities to innovate the incentive policy for farmers' professional titles, and Pingyuan County tilts project resources to farmers who obtain professional titles. Since 2021, projects such as the straw comprehensive utilization demonstration base and high-standard farmland construction have successively landed in Guopeikou Village, with a cumulative investment of 480.<> million yuan. "In the past, dryers were not enough and inefficient." Wang Duchun is not worried about this, and now relying on the financial support of the project with the title of farmer, the cooperative has built a new drying tower.
"Receiving special subsidies, enjoying policy preferences, and receiving technical support make our professional farmers have motivation for work, space for development, and a head start in their careers." Wang Duchun said that the cooperative has also purchased advanced agricultural machinery such as drones, and the highest mu output last year reached 831.36 kilograms.
The title of a farmer is not a one-time evaluation. All localities continue to carry out training on farmers' skills improvement, some organize rural revitalization service groups to carry out regular guidance, and some organize teams to go out for exchange and learning, opening up the channel for farmers to grow into talents.
In 2019, seeing that many people live broadcast goods with good results, Zhang Yulong also began to try, but the sales volume could not go up. Later, Zhang Yulong received an e-commerce training notice for farmers who won their professional titles. After he got the training textbook, he flipped through it and found that there were theories and cases, talking about the people and things around him, and the training teacher also went to Longju Town to teach door-to-door. After learning and training, Zhang Yulong has grown into an e-commerce expert, and now the volume of live streaming has increased significantly. At present, Dongying District has trained 1563,109 new-type vocational farmers, including 42 farmers with junior professional titles and <> farmers with intermediate professional titles.
In December 2020, a new round of evaluation began, and Zhang Yulong participated in the deputy senior title review organized by the city and successfully obtained the certificate. The news spread, and the villagers congratulated one after another: "Mr. Xiao Zhang, he is not tall, and he 'jumps' high." At a young age, he became an 'associate professor'. Zhang Yulong responded with a smile: "Work hard, study hard, and strive for 'turning positive'!" ”
Today, driven by Zhang Yulong's demonstration, there are more than 200 surrounding growers, with a total planting area of more than 4300,<> mu.
What to do after evaluating the title?
Standing on the podium to pass on experience, go into the field to solve problems, demonstrate and lead "passing on help and leading", so that farmers' professional titles are "commensurate with their jobs"
What is it called "big ridge double row"? Liu Shuang stood on the podium, opened a picture of a field, and explained the professional terms in the paper in the vernacular in plain Chinese: "Two rows of rice are one ridge, and the distance between the ridges is widened, leaving enough space for the crabs to move, and allowing the rice seedlings to have sufficient light." Taking advantage of the agricultural leisure, Liu Shuang participated in the planting and breeding technology sharing meeting held by the Agriculture and Rural Bureau of the former Guorluo Mongolian Autonomous County.
Evaluating the title of farmers is not the goal, and making good use of talents for rural revitalization is the key. The former Agricultural Radio and Television School of Guorros Mongolian Autonomous County officially included Liu Shuang and others in the teacher pool with reference to the results of the evaluation of professional titles. In 2022, Liu Shuang conducted more than 40 training sessions and trained nearly <>,<> farmers.
"Every year, we select special agricultural technicians from among those who have obtained the title of farmer to assist in agricultural technology extension services." Meng Dequan, a member of the leading party group of the Dongying District Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, said.
The melons planted by others have thin skin and taste sandy and sweet; Self-grown melons, little meat and light taste. "What's the problem?" Zhao Yuhua, a watermelon farmer in Longju Town, was so anxious that he stomped his foot and came to Zhang Yulong for answers. "What fertilizer are you using?" When is the powder given? Zhang Yulong got into the old Zhao's greenhouse and quickly found the reason, "The pollination time was delayed. ”
Zhang Yulong told Zhao Yuhua that some small melons that are not yet ripe can change the taste by adjusting the temperature of water and fertilizer, "In the future, you must ventilate frequently, and contact you at any time if you don't understand anything." "In the next year, Old Zhao planted melons according to Zhang Yulong's method, all of which were sweet and delicious.
"Standing on the podium to pass on experience, go into the field to solve problems, demonstrate and lead the 'passing on the help', the key to making the farmers' professional titles 'commensurate with the job', is to build a team of rural revitalization talents that can be retained and used well." Han Yanjun, director of the Zhangye Minle County Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, said.
"Post-80s" Ma Peng, currently the secretary of the party branch and director of the village committee of Xintianbao Village, Xintian Town, Minle County, is also a well-known local breeding household. Many years ago, Ma Peng returned to his hometown after graduating from secondary school and established a professional breeding cooperative, which now produces more than 4000,2021 pigs a year. At the end of <>, Ma Peng was unexpectedly rated as an associate senior veterinarian.
In August last year, a unique practical activity was held in Ma Peng's professional breeding cooperative. "The trainees were full of two buses, all of which were farmers in the county." Ma Peng patiently explained for an afternoon, from scientifically formulating immunization procedures, doing a good job in environmental monitoring, to feed selection and drug proportioning, the content ran through the whole process of pig breeding management. "It was that training that we left contact information for each other." Li Hanzhi, a villager in Wuyou Village, has often consulted Ma Peng since then, and his farming technology and management experience has become more and more rich, and he was awarded the junior title of farmer last year.
At present, more than 2,<> farmers in Gansu Province have obtained corresponding professional titles, forming a group of rural talents with technology, expertise, performance and certification. "Carrying out the evaluation of farmers' professional titles is like 'planting crops', in a sense, selecting a group of outstanding farmers as 'seed players', promoting them to spread their branches and leaves, and cultivating a team of high-quality talents who can lead one side, drive a group, and influence a group." The director of the title management department of the Gansu Provincial Human Resources and Social Security Department made an analogy to the east.
Typography design: Zhang Fangman
(People's Daily reporter Li Rui, Liu Yiqing, Zhao Shuaijie)