Boao, March 3 (ZXS) -- At present, the global energy shortage problem is becoming increasingly serious, extreme weather is becoming more frequent, and the process of carbon neutrality has encountered certain obstacles. How to reconcile the long-term and short-term goals of carbon neutrality? How to find the optimal policy mix to achieve carbon neutrality? The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 29 "Carbon Neutrality: Dilemma and Breakthrough" was held on the 2023th, and many industry insiders discussed it.
Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a broad and profound economic and social systemic change, which is indispensable for financial support. Zhou Xiaochuan, former governor of People's Bank of China, said that the development and supervision of the carbon market and derivatives involved in the carbon market in the future is an area that the financial sector is very good at, and the financial market should help the carbon market to build and operate well.
On March 3, the sub-forum of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 29 "Carbon Neutrality: Dilemma and Breakthrough" was held in Boao, Hainan. Photo by Jiang Qiming, reporter of China News Agency
At present, some countries around the world tend to use price-based tools to guide carbon reduction, such as taxes and subsidies, while some countries tend to use non-price tools to guide, such as planning and guidance. In Zhou Xiaochuan's view, in the case of multi-goal and multi-task, the realization of carbon neutrality requires seeking the coordination of goals and tools. To design an objective function, the price and weights can be set to achieve optimal coordination.
People's Bank of China President Yi Gang said that the implementation of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality requires "carrot + stick". Carbon prices or taxes are "sticks", and the central bank's support tool is the "carrot" in the incentive mechanism. The central bank provides reloans to commercial banks at low interest rates, and after receiving the reloans, commercial banks must support carbon emission reduction projects and undertake the obligation to disclose this information to the public.
On March 3, the sub-forum of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 29 "Carbon Neutrality: Dilemma and Breakthrough" was held in Boao, Hainan. The picture shows People's Bank of China President Yi Gang (left) speaking. Photo by Jiang Qiming, reporter of China News Agency
"The focus of our carrot support tool is to require commercial banks to disclose carbon footprints, interest rates of supported projects, emission reductions and other relevant information, and accept the supervision of third-party institutions in society, so as to raise the awareness of the whole society on the urgency of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality." Yi Gang said.
In the view of Xuan Changneng, vice president of People's Bank of China, the development of transition finance is of great practical significance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, financial support for carbon emission reduction has achieved remarkable results, and China should not only develop green industries, but also promote the low-carbon transformation of high-carbon industries. He said that transition finance can provide reasonable and necessary financial support for green and low-carbon transformation, and there is still a lot of room in this regard.
At present, most countries have set ambitious carbon neutrality goals, but they face many challenges in practical progress. How to pragmatically promote the implementation of carbon neutrality goals? Russia and China have shown a mature example of cooperation in the energy sector.
Former Russian Prime Minister Vzubkov said that China and Russia have actively cooperated in the field of clean energy supply, including natural gas. For example, the China-Russia Eastern Route gas supply project is being planned, Russia is increasing the gas supply to China, through the "Power of Siberia" gas pipeline, the gas supply to China will soon reach the contracted annual gas supply of 380 billion cubic meters. According to estimates by Chinese experts, this could reduce China's carbon dioxide emissions by 1 million tons and sulfur dioxide emissions by 64.182 million tons per year.
On March 3, the sub-forum of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 29 "Carbon Neutrality: Dilemma and Breakthrough" was held in Boao, Hainan. Photo by Jiang Qiming, reporter of China News Agency
Zhao Chenxin, deputy director of China's National Development and Reform Commission, said bluntly: "China's determination to accelerate green and low-carbon development is unswerving, not only promising to put forward goals, but also taking very practical actions in a down-to-earth manner in its own way." We have studied and launched a series of policy documents, carried out a series of key actions, implemented a series of major projects, and achieved very obvious phased results. ”
At present, the international energy market is turbulent and prices are high, Zhao Chenxin further pointed out that it is necessary to fully recognize that the "dual carbon" work faces many challenges. Achieving the "dual carbon" goal is by no means easy, it will not be achieved overnight, and it will require very hard work. He stressed that it is necessary to further promote the clean and efficient use of coal, vigorously develop renewable energy, and continuously consolidate the foundation of energy security. (End)