Chinanews.com, March 13, titled: "South-to-North Grain Transfer" has become "North-to-South Transport", how to keep "the South's own responsibility field"?
China-Singapore Finance and Economics reporter Pang Wuji
There is a proverb in the Song Dynasty: "When Suhu is cooked, the world is full".
The general idea is that the grain produced in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River such as Suzhou and Huzhou can feed the whole country every year.
However, in the past few decades, this situation has been completely reversed. The Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions have changed from fertile lands of fish and rice to developed industrial city clusters. my country's main grain production areas have gradually concentrated in the north.
"South-to-North Grain Transfer" has become "North-to-South Grain Transport", and this trend has continued to develop in recent years.
From the perspective of agricultural development, the light and heat conditions in the north are not as good as those in the south, and many places are seriously short of water. The "transportation of grain from north to south" is not sustainable.
Wang Guanghua, minister of the Ministry of Natural Resources, said that this year, we will adopt economic incentives and punishments for cultivated land to promote the orderly restoration of some lost high-quality cultivated land in some southern provinces, and effectively curb the further intensification of the trend of grain transportation from north to south.
For the southern region, how to guard the "responsibility field of the south itself"?
The party and government leaders of relevant counties (cities, districts) in the five provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian and Guangdong recently stated that all localities will resolutely shoulder the political responsibility for the protection of cultivated land, implement the same responsibility of the party and the government, and strictly implement the "teeth-long" cultivated land protection Take hard measures to firmly hold the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land.
Food and arable land security are the "biggest in the country"
Taicang City, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province got its name from the granary that King Wu set up here during the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a typical land of fish and rice in the south of the Yangtze River.
Wang Xiangyuan, secretary of the Taicang Municipal Party Committee, said that it is necessary to deeply understand that cultivated land protection is a macroscopic, long-term, and strategic fundamental issue. It is necessary to promote the protection of cultivated land in an all-round and multi-dimensional manner, and strive to build a land of fish and rice with strong agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers. .
Siyang County, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province is a large agricultural county and a major grain-producing county on the "Thousand Li Canal". Ma Wei, secretary of the county party committee, said that it is necessary to always take the responsibility for the protection of cultivated land and consolidate the foundation for the protection of cultivated land as a party and government cadre in Siyang County. It is the political responsibility and the key to politics.
"Siyang County is surrounded by rivers and lakes. High-standard farmland accounts for 74%, green and high-quality agricultural products account for more than 70%, and grain production has achieved "nineteen consecutive harvests."
Nanxun District, Huzhou City is a large agricultural area in Zhejiang Province. Wen Jianfei, secretary of the District Party Committee, has been paying attention to the National Two Sessions during this time. "We still have to protect our own responsibility fields in the South." This is both a firm instruction and a strong vigilance for us.
Under the current complex and severe international situation, the protection of cultivated land is related to the national destiny and the people's livelihood, as well as national security.
Bengbu City, Anhui Province is located on the line of Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River. It is the main production area of high-quality wheat and the base of commodity grain in my country, and it is also the production, processing and supply base of green agricultural products in the Yangtze River Delta.
Huang Xiaowu, secretary of the Bengbu Municipal Party Committee, said that we will take practical actions to ensure the supply of important agricultural products such as food as the top priority, and with clear goals, planning vision, and strict responsibilities, we will firmly abide by the red line of cultivated land and ensure food security.
"We must resolutely shoulder the political responsibility for farmland protection, strictly implement the hard measures of 'long teeth' farmland protection, and make due contributions to guarding the red line of farmland." Shao Bing, member of the Standing Committee of Fuyang Municipal Party Committee and Secretary of Taihe County Party Committee of Anhui Province, said.
In recent years, Taihe County, with monthly satellite remote sensing monitoring as the starting point, took the lead in the city and persistently promoted the normalized assessment mechanism for quantitative management of land resources, and illegal land use has been declining for many years.
Youxi County, Sanming City is located in the center of Fujian Province and is the second largest county in Fujian Province.
Zhou Qingyu, secretary of the county party committee, said, "Youxi County will cherish and care for the cultivated land resources, and strive to handle the affairs of farmers well, handle the matter of food, and protect the cultivated land in place."
Pinghe County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province is a typical large agricultural county.
Cai Luxuan, secretary of the county party committee, said that the existing cultivated land is the red line and the bottom line of development. Pinghe County puts the protection of cultivated land in an important position, implements the most stringent system of cultivated land protection, stabilizes the total amount of cultivated land, and improves the quality of cultivated land.
As a sub-central city in Guangdong Province and an important development pole of the modern coastal economic belt, Zhanjiang City has arable land area accounting for about 1/6 of the province and is the largest grain-producing city in Guangdong.
Chen Junhua, deputy mayor of Zhanjiang City, said that Zhanjiang City must resolutely shoulder the political responsibility for farmland protection, implement the strictest farmland protection system, implement the lifelong responsibility system for farmland red lines, and resolutely guard the farmland red lines.
Yangxi County, Yangjiang City is one of the pioneering counties in Guangdong Province to protect cultivated land. Zhang Xiujie, secretary of the county party committee, said, "We will implement the strictest cultivated land protection system from the strategic height of protecting cultivated land is to ensure food security. The granaries' build more abundantly."
Known as the "No. 1 Field in Guangdong", Taishan City in Jiangmen is a national high-quality commodity grain base.
"Taishan City will firmly grasp the positioning and responsibility of the country's key commodity grain base county, stabilize the area, output, and benefits, and go all out to do a good job in grain production and farmland protection." Li Huiwen, member of the Standing Committee of the Jiangmen Municipal Party Committee and secretary of the Taishan Municipal Party Committee, said.
The party and the government share the same responsibility in the details
In our country, the party and the government are equally responsible for the implementation of cultivated land protection.
Party committees and governments at all levels have the main responsibility, and relevant departments have supervision responsibilities.
To implement the requirements of the party and the government sharing the same responsibility and life-long accountability, they must jointly sign a letter of responsibility for the protection of cultivated land, and conduct annual assessments in accordance with the requirements of the central government. Those who break through the red line of cultivated land must be vetoed by one vote.
"Taicang City will implement the political consciousness of 'top priority' to implement the same responsibility of the party and the government. We will strictly implement the lifelong responsibility system of the cultivated land red line, improve the assessment methods, refine the responsibility requirements, and decompose the objectives and tasks of the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland into In the field, it will be implemented to the specific head.” Wang Xiangyuan said that for major problems discovered by superior inspectors and inspections at the same level, Taicang City will adopt key supervision, warning interviews, transfer to discipline inspection and supervision departments for accountability and accountability, and strictly investigate and rectify them.
The per capita arable land in Siyang County is less than 1 mu, and the reserve resources of arable land are only more than 8,000 mu. The situation of arable land protection is still grim.
"Strengthening the protection of cultivated land and clarifying the main body of responsibility is the key." Ma Wei said that Siyang County will follow the principle of "who protects and who benefits" to carry out a new round of signing of the responsibility letter for the protection of cultivated land, and strictly evaluate the protection goals of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland task completion.
At the same time, strengthen the assessment orientation, further improve the performance evaluation index system and reward mechanism for farmland protection incentives, generously reward land use plans and financial incentives, and make no compromises in deadline rectification and suspension of approval, etc., and strive to form a good atmosphere for farmland protection that strives to be the first .
The field chief system, as a systematic exploration to comprehensively consolidate the responsibility of local party committees and governments at all levels to protect cultivated land, has taken root in 26 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) across the country by the end of 2022.
"Kecheng District will always keep in mind that the protection of cultivated land is the earnest entrustment of the 'big man of the country', and make further efforts to fully implement the same responsibility of the party and the government to ensure that rice bowls and responsible fields are protected." Hu Yifeng, Mayor of Kecheng District, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province introduced In the next step, Kecheng District will make good use of the field chief system to promote the regular inspection and inspection of three-level field chiefs in 488 districts and villages; make good use of the incentive mechanism and iteratively optimize the incentive system for farmland protection.
Nanxun District, Huzhou City has established a supervision system of "civil defense + technical defense".
"We will further consolidate the responsibility for farmland protection, implement high standards, innovate and iterate the field chief system, and give full play to the strength of a team of more than 500 district, town, and village-level field chiefs and village-level inspectors." Wen Jianfei said that Nanxun District will further improve The level of smart supervision, optimize the closed-loop control mechanism, increase the normalized patrol and inspection of cultivated land and supervision and accountability, and strictly investigate and punish units and individuals that fail to perform their duties.
At the same time, explore the establishment of a farmland protection review mechanism. For the newly illegal occupation of farmland, the performance of field chiefs, inspectors' inspections, and iron tower probe supervision will be investigated.
Zhou Qingyu said that Youxi County will decompose tasks level by level, strictly target assessment, and refine the assessment rules.
At the same time, establish a natural resource review system to link the implementation of cultivated land protection with the recognition and rewards of cadres, promotion, and evaluation of the first and the best, as well as the performance of departmental townships and the distribution of income from supplementary cultivated land.
In addition, carry out mobile inspections and law enforcement and special inspections of arable land satellite images, and timely discover, immediately rectify, and seriously hold accountable for illegal occupation of arable land.
In recent years, Zhanjiang City has comprehensively compacted the responsibility for the protection of cultivated land, and strictly enforced the law by inspecting and enforcing the protection of cultivated land.
"We will further consolidate the responsibility for the protection of cultivated land, and strictly implement the same responsibility of the party and the government." Chen Junhua said that Zhanjiang City should comprehensively establish a "4+1" organizational system of field chiefs and grid members at the city, county, township, and village levels and Responsibility system to achieve full coverage of responsibility for the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland.
Yangxi County innovated and implemented the four-level field chief system of county, town, village, and grid. "Judging from the effectiveness of the field chief system in our county, this mechanism can effectively protect cultivated land and prevent the "non-grain" of cultivated land. We will Promote the pilot project and establish a grid-based supervision system for farmland protection with hierarchical linkage and full coverage." Zhang Xiujie said that Yangxi County holds a spring plowing site meeting every year to let each town claim the plowing task and include the completion status in the performance appraisal.
In the next step, Yangxi County will strengthen the assessment mechanism and establish a sound accountability mechanism.
Unremittingly strictly abide by the red line and firmly hold on to China's rice bowl
The red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land is the bottom line that cannot be broken through. It is necessary to strictly control the increase, revitalize the stock, and strictly enforce the rule of law.
"Taicang City will use the most resolute attitude, the most powerful measures, and the most stringent requirements to strictly abide by the red line of cultivated land, ensure food security, and make every effort to solve the bottleneck of cultivated land protection such as the fragmentation and fragmentation of some cultivated land resources." Wang Xiangyuan said.
It is reported that Taicang City plans to build all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland by 2024, actively explore and promote the issuance of "ID cards" for cultivated land, and realize the precise positioning and protection of cultivated land.
"We will adhere to the bottom-line thinking and sense of urgency, and strictly implement the lifelong responsibility system for the red line of cultivated land." Ma Wei said that Siyang County will adhere to the guidance of land and space planning, the constraint of economical and intensive use, and the use of live flow and strict control of increment , Revitalize the stock, strive to reduce the occupation of new construction land, use the national comprehensive land improvement pilot as the starting point to vigorously promote the improvement of the quality of cultivated land, and coordinate multiple forces to strengthen land law enforcement and inspections.
Cultivated land protection is a long-term and arduous task, which requires both immediate attention and long-term consideration.
"Although we have made great efforts and achieved positive results, there are still some weaknesses. For example, the public's awareness of cultivated land protection needs to be improved, the contradiction between land supply and demand is still prominent, and the problem of 'non-agriculturalization' and 'non-grainization' The risk of a rebound still exists, and some issues such as how to better balance the stability of grain supply and farmers' income increase still need to be solved quickly." In this regard, Wen Jianfei said that Nanxun District will coordinate the relationship between farmland protection, common prosperity, and rural revitalization, and strive to realize farmland The "double balance" of occupation and compensation and farmers' income and expenditure will make further efforts in deepening the contiguous improvement of cultivated land, strengthening the control of cultivated land use, and raising the awareness of cultivated land protection.
Speaking of Bengbu's responsibility for the protection of cultivated land, Huang Xiaowu listed a series of figures: "We will adhere to the responsibility of protecting the soil, clarify the goals of cultivated land protection, and plan to restore 80,000 mu of cultivated land within five years; we will strive to increase the city's irrigated area by the end of the '14th Five-Year Plan'." Reached 3.43 million mu, realizing 1.72 million mu of newly irrigated area, 343,000 mu of "drought to water"; 150,000 mu of rice and fishery comprehensive planting and breeding in the city have been comprehensively rectified, and the organic unity of stable grain production and income and steady increase in agricultural efficiency has been achieved. "