Sufficient and stable energy prices across the country are guaranteed (Rui Finance)
Since last year, the international energy supply and demand situation has been grim and complicated. Energy supply has continued to be tense and prices have fluctuated sharply, which has led to a significant increase in the difficulty and pressure of domestic energy supply.
In this situation, is China's energy supply guaranteed?
Can energy prices remain stable?
The State Council Information Office recently held a press conference to introduce the relevant situation.
Energy supply and demand are generally stable and orderly
"Generally speaking, the national energy supply is guaranteed and the price is stable." Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, introduced that with the joint efforts of all parties, the previous cold waves since the beginning of winter have been well dealt with. The national energy supply and demand Overall smooth and orderly.
From the perspective of production, the increase in energy production and supply has achieved remarkable results.
China actively promotes the stable production and supply of coal, and the daily coal production in the heating season is stable at more than 12 million tons.
At the same time, fully tap the potential for increasing oil and gas production, and increase natural gas production by more than 10 billion cubic meters in 2022.
Continue to improve the power supply capacity. Last year, the installed capacity of various types of power generation increased by more than 200 million kilowatts.
From the perspective of reserves, energy reserves and peak supply capacity have been significantly enhanced.
In terms of natural gas, the country's gas storage capacity exceeds 32 billion cubic meters, and the storage capacity should be fully realized before winter. At present, the remaining available gas storage capacity is 20 billion cubic meters.
In terms of coal, the government can dispatch 50 million tons of coal reserves, and the coal storage of nationally coordinated power plants remains at a high level of 175 million tons, and the usable days reach 22 days.
"my country's energy security, stable and reliable supply is guaranteed." Lian Weiliang said, this is mainly reflected in the room for increasing energy production and supply, the long-term cooperation of purchased resources, the reserve of important varieties, the policy of stabilizing prices, and the guarantee of emergency supply. mechanism.
The state coordinates the mutual aid and mutual protection of various energy types such as coal, natural gas, electricity, and refined oil, and the ability to guarantee peak energy supply has steadily improved.
The demand-side load management plan has been further improved, and we will resolutely ensure that there is no electricity limit or gas limit in non-extreme situations, and that the power limit will not be opened and the gas limit will not be closed in extreme cases, so as to firmly guard the bottom line of energy consumption for people's livelihood.
Clean energy has an obvious supporting role
In the energy supply map, not only coal, oil and gas and other traditional energy sources have "full confidence", but also the role of clean energy sources such as photovoltaics, wind power, and nuclear energy has become increasingly prominent.
According to Zhang Jianhua, director of the National Energy Administration, in 2022, China's newly installed wind power and photovoltaic capacity will exceed 120 million kilowatts, and the cumulative installed capacity will exceed 700 million kilowatts, driving the installed capacity of renewable energy to exceed 1.2 billion kilowatts. The wind power photovoltaic industry has become the most one of the most competitive industries.
"As the installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power continues to expand, its role in ensuring energy supply is becoming more and more obvious." Zhang Jianhua said that according to grid company dispatch data, in 2022 the average output of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in most parts of the country will account for about About 15% of the electricity load, up to 40%.
During the peak summer season in 2022, during the midday electricity consumption peak in Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and other provinces with large photovoltaic power generation capacity, the average output coefficient of photovoltaics will reach 0.5, which strongly supports the safe supply of energy.
Nuclear energy is also becoming an important resource for keeping warm in winter.
In 2019, Shandong Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant completed and put into operation the first phase of nuclear energy heating project, becoming China's first nuclear energy heating project; in 2021, the second phase of Haiyang nuclear energy heating project was completed, with a heating area of more than 5 million square meters, realizing the Nuclear energy heating is fully covered in urban areas; in addition, nuclear power plants such as Zhejiang Qinshan and Liaoning Hongyanhe have also realized nuclear energy heating.
"Nuclear energy heating is to extract part of the steam as a heat source while the nuclear power plant is generating electricity, conduct multi-stage heat exchange through the heat exchange station, and finally transport it to the user through the municipal heating pipe network. Multiple shielding and isolation are adopted between the user and the nuclear power unit. Only energy Transmission, without medium contact, is a safe and reliable way of urban central heating." Zhang Jianhua said.
So far, these projects have operated safely and stably, and have good heating effects. They not only have the ecological and social benefits of replacing coal, but also have the economic and livelihood benefits of reducing local heat prices and improving the quality of heating, forming a win-win situation for all parties.
"Four efforts" to ensure stable energy prices
Since last year, global energy prices have continued to fluctuate at high levels, and European electricity and gas prices have soared.
Data show that from January to November last year, energy prices in the CPI of the United States and the Eurozone rose by 27% and 38% year-on-year, of which natural gas prices rose by 26.6% and 56.5% year-on-year, and electricity prices rose by 12.9% and 36.3% year-on-year respectively. .
In the face of the impact of the international market and the test of extreme weather, China has achieved the overall stability of energy prices within a reasonable range by relying on the combination of institutional advantages and guaranteed supply and stable prices.
From January to November last year, the price of water, electricity and fuel for residents in China's CPI only increased by about 3%, and the increase in gasoline and diesel prices was also significantly lower than that in Europe and the United States. In particular, the price of electricity and gas for residents remained generally stable.
"my country is a big energy producer, consumer, and importer. Under the severe external environment, it is not easy to ensure energy supply and price stability, especially price stability." Lian Weiliang said that this mainly depends on four "strengths." : Focus on increasing effective supply; focus on improving the price mechanism; focus on making good use of medium and long-term contracts and focus on the key role of energy companies in ensuring supply.
"The government tries its best to help energy companies relieve their difficulties, control costs through medium and long-term contracts, rationally guide costs through the implementation of price policies, increase fiscal, taxation, and financial support, and effectively alleviate the staged operating difficulties of some companies, so as to ensure stable energy supply. The price has created good conditions.”
At present, in the signing and performance of medium and long-term energy contracts, some enterprises report that they cannot sign medium- and long-term contracts in full, and some of the signed contracts cannot be fully performed.
Lian Weiliang said that in 2023, more efforts will be made to promote the resolution of such problems.
On the one hand, it is necessary to promote the "signs that should be signed".
For the parts involving public interests and people's livelihood, it is necessary to standardize the signing of medium and long-term contracts under the guidance of the government;
For medium- and long-term energy contracts guided by the government, especially those involving people's livelihood, not only must the contract be in place, but also the contract must be in place.
Those who fail to comply will be urged to rectify without letting go.
Liao Ruiling