The year 2022 closes with the highest inflation since 1986 and 'steals' 40,000 million from families

• Food shoots up 15.9% in December and Yolanda Díaz points out to companies: "There is someone here who is making money"

Average

in

in

stood at

, that is, the average year-on-year inflation recorded in the twelve months of last year was the highest recorded in the country

, in the that prices rose on average in the year as a whole by 8.8%.

This rise in prices

, who last year had

This loss of purchasing power affected all households in the country, since the

to all the goods and services that make up the consumer basket.

In addition, by especially affecting basic elements such as

-goods that are highly inelastic on the demand side, because the consumer cannot substitute anything else for them (we need food to survive, gas to warm us up, light for everything and gasoline to be able to get around in many cases) - impoverished the entire population in a general way.

The

, since their incomes did not increase at the same rate as prices rose -

last year, according to the Statistics on Agreements - and, although the number of affiliates to the Social Security in half a million people, the

in the country remained below that of 2021, according to the latest Active Population Survey, so the total number of work -main source of income- did not grow.

The rest of the groups, such as

, will be compensated in this 2023 for the inflation of 2022, since their benefits will rise by 8.5%, and

will receive a salary increase of 3.5% to also compensate for that loss. .

Despite the differences,

in Spain as a whole have suffered a loss of purchasing power of

according to Funcas calculations for EL MUNDO.

"We would have to go back to 2011-2022 to find a loss in purchasing power greater than that experienced this year," explains

its director of the International Situation and Analysis.

This is due to the fact that in the worst years of the financial crisis, Spanish families experienced impoverishment that was not due to the rise in prices, but to the

(In 2012 some 800,000 jobs were destroyed and the unemployment rate rose to 25.4%).

In the last years before the pandemic, between 2015 and 2019, the purchasing power of Spanish families did not stop increasing.

The differences in the impact of inflation, beyond the type of person supporting each household, can be seen in the level of income, since it has been shown that the rise in prices disproportionately affects

due to the composition of its consumption.

However, the reduction in the price of electricity that has been achieved in the last months of 2022 "has alleviated the disproportionate weight that the rise in food and gas has had on these households", while "the increase in the prices of goods and services such as restaurants, hotels, transportation and other similar items, which are consumed to a greater extent by households with higher incomes, has contributed to the fact that

analysts explained this Friday

.

Electricity, fuel and purchases skyrocket

In 2022, the

has been precisely one of the

both for households and for companies, which use it as the main source of production.

The month of March marked its record rise, with an increase of 107.8% compared to the previous year, but throughout the year it has moderated and the approval of the Iberian mechanism to control the price of gas -which determines the price of electricity - has even allowed price drops in the last three months.

Despite everything, in the year as a whole

than in 2021.

There have also been high average increases in

(diesel has been 29% more expensive this year and gasoline, 15.5%), despite the fact that since June they have been getting cheaper due to the bonus of 20 cents per liter approved by the Executive.

Putting on the washing machine or filling the car tank has become

for many citizens, but the shopping basket has not been left behind.

, since the skyrocketing increase in December (of 15.9%, confirmed this Friday by the National Institute of Statistics) is offset by the slighter increases in the first part of the year.

year.

is the

food that has risen the most in the year,

compared to 2021, thus sentencing bakers;

followed by

, which has risen by 26.7%;

, which

has become 24.9% more expensive;

butter (

23.1%);

sauces (+20.8%);

the

(+20.7% skimmed and +20.6% whole);

(+20.5%),

(

+16.5%) or

(+15.4%).

Of the 200 goods and services whose price is tracked by the INE,

last year and they mainly belong to the

sector -due to the reductions approved for public transport bonds and the end of the payment period on some highways- and the

sector .

The price of

has fallen on average by 5.5% in the year compared to 2021;

that of

, 4.4%, and the

themselves have been 3.7% cheaper.

(1.7%) and

(0.1%)

have also fallen .

Inflation reached its peak in

, when it stood at

.

Since then it has begun a downward path to end the year at

This means that prices are rising less each time compared to the previous year, but

.

In fact, since July, the fall in prices has been only 0.08%.

For

, the

forecasts a new increase in prices of

is more optimistic and has reduced its forecast to

-from the previous 4.4%-.

They believe that the

will stand at an average of

, with an average rise of

-higher than the 10.6% registered last year- and

-lower than that of 2022, of 10.9%-.

"

In addition, fertilizer exports were severely disrupted last year, which could also affect world food production in 2023 (...)

analysts warn

.

According to the criteria of The Trust Project

Know more

• INE

• Social Security

• Inflation