Escrivá anticipates that November will close without job creation, something "positive" because jobs are usually destroyed in the month
Of the more than three million people who came to be protected by a
Temporary Employment Regulation File (ERTE)
in the worst moments of the pandemic, today in Spain there are only
20,000 employees
affected by this type of mechanism, the problem is that for those who accumulate months and months in this situation
, the chances of returning to their job are less and less.
With data updated on Thursday of last week, November 17, Spain had
22,540 workers in ERTE
and has gone through
four consecutive months
with hardly any fluctuations with respect to this figure.
Since the number of those affected by ERTE dropped below 30,000 in July, every month it has been fluctuating around 20,000, which shows
a certain stagnation in the reincorporation
of these workers.
To know the sectors in which they work and the specific situation of those affected, it is necessary to go to the data provided by Social Security at the end of the month.
Thus, at the end of October, almost
9,000
employees were in
ERTE with total suspension
-working zero hours a week-, while
11,000
were on
partial suspension
-with less than usual hours-.
87% of workers in ERTE
are in an ETOP type
,
that
is, caused by economic, technical, organizational and productive causes.
This type of ERTE is the one applied by companies that had economic difficulties other than covid to maintain their workforce and did not enjoy, unlike the so-called 'COVID ERTE', exemptions in the payment of social security contributions.
For this reason, they do not have a commitment with the Administration to
maintain employment
once the ERTE ends.
The
air transport sector
(airlines and related activities) is the one with the
most employees in ERTE
(around
9%
of the total) and also
92% of workers are on total suspension,
without any type of activity.
This is followed by the
manufacture of
motor vehicles (8.3% of the total), especially affected by disruptions in the supply chain and the lack of semiconductors;
accommodation
services
(8%), due to the impact of the pandemic on tourism and the manufacture of non-metallic mineral products (6.5%).
In the latter, most workers have partial suspension.
Travel
agencies
(also 6.5%), the next most affected, are the only activity that has been able to benefit from the
RED Mechanism,
that is, the ERTE that the Ministry activated when the pandemic specials were extinguished to provide special coverage. to certain sectors that had not yet recovered.
To be eligible for this special protection, the approval of the Council of Ministers is required.
60% of agency employees have total suspension.
Trade
-both wholesale and retail- is also among the most affected and with the majority of total suspension, followed by the
hospitality
industry
.
Young people, with a temporary contract or in the service sector, the most affected
Despite the fact that the number of workers in ERTE experienced a sharp decrease in 2020, 2021 and the first months of 2022, since the summer there has been no recovery of workers towards the activity, with which there is a
risk
that
this situation could cyst
and that the chances of these workers recovering their jobs are minimized.
According to the latest analysis of the
Bank of Spain,
published this Thursday,
employees who are in ERTE for only three months
recover their job in
65% of cases,
while when the time in ERTE
is extended by nine months
this probability drops to
26 %
.
Only two out of every ten employees who have been in ERTE for nine months will return to work.
"
The extension in time
of permanence in the ERTE situation
tends to reduce its effectiveness
, especially among some groups of workers, such as the
youngest
, those with a
temporary contract
or those employed in certain
service
activities, " Mario points out. Izquierdo, Sergio Puente and Iván Auciello, from the General Directorate of Economy and Statistics of the supervisor.
This drop in the chances of returning is explained by two phenomena.
On the one hand, because the company
could end up having viability problems
that prevent it from reinstating its entire workforce and, on the other, because there is a
"depreciation of the labor skills"
of the worker that means that the company does not compensate them to reinstate them and return to pay him a salary.
"By level of studies, the decrease in the effectiveness of ERTEs to ensure labor reinstatement is more intense in
less qualified individuals
. By sectors, the relative effectiveness of ERTEs is greater and more persistent in industry, while, for some branches of
services
, employability after three quarters in ERTE is already indistinguishable from that of an equivalent unemployed or inactive person not covered by an ERTE," they stress.
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