Nuclear energy, wind and solar energy, geothermal energy, biological energy...
Clean heating and heating to fight the "blue sky defense war"
◎Our reporter Zhang Gailun
Recently, Hongyanhe Town in southern Liaoning has ushered in another heating season.
Different from before, this warmth comes from the nuclear heating demonstration project of Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant, which was officially put into operation on November 1.
The project uses the steam extracted from the steam turbine of the Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Station as a heat source, with a planned heating area of 242,400 square meters, replacing the original 12 coal-fired boiler rooms in Hongyanhe Town, benefiting nearly 20,000 local residents.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that to actively and steadily promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, based on my country's energy and resource endowments, adhere to the principle of establishing first and then breaking, and plan to implement the carbon peaking action step by step.
Nuclear energy, wind and solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy... Clean energy has joined the heating energy army, injecting innovative energy into the battle to defend the blue sky.
Nuclear energy heating security to create a "zero carbon" city
In 2018, the pen of nuclear power cross-border fell on Haiyang, Shandong.
The first phase of park-level heating, the second phase of county-level heating, and the third phase of district-level heating.
"Nuannu No. 1" follows the "three-step" strategy steadily and step by step.
On November 9, 2021, the 202.5 MW project of the second phase of the National Energy Nuclear Energy Heating Commercial Demonstration Project was put into operation 6 days ahead of schedule, making Haiyang the first "zero-carbon" heating city in the country.
The story of nuclear energy heating is now being written in the Hongyanhe Nuclear Energy Heating Project.
As the first nuclear power plant in Northeast China and the largest power investment project in Northeast China, the Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Energy Heating Project will reduce standard coal consumption by 5,726 tons and carbon dioxide emissions by 14,100 tons every year after it is put into operation.
Based on this estimate, the two major nuclear energy heating projects of the State Power Investment Corporation are expected to save about 205,000 tons of raw coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 314,000 tons after this heating season, effectively improving the atmospheric environment and marine ecological environment during the district heating season.
On December 3, 2021, the first nuclear energy heating demonstration project in southern my country, the CNNC Qinshan Nuclear Power Nuclear Energy Heating Demonstration Project, was officially put into operation.
By April 2022, the demonstration project will complete the first heating season task, and will continue to safely and stably supply nearly 4,000 households with heat for 100 days, and the heating price has been reduced by about 1/3 compared with the past.
It is estimated that by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan", the project will be able to meet the heating demand of about 4 million square meters in Haiyan; compared with the electric heating method in the southern region, the annual electricity consumption can be saved by about 196 million kWh.
During the heating season ushered in in December 2022, elderly apartments in Haiyan, Zhejiang, as well as industrial users and public construction users, will also be connected to the nuclear energy heating mains network one after another.
"Nuclear energy heating is the process of transferring part of the heat generated by the nuclear power plant to the heating company, and then sending it to the end users through the heating pipe network. In this process, only heat exchange, no medium exchange." CNNC Qinshan Nuclear Power Party Secretary , Chairman Huang Qian said that users are exposed to fully safe water that has been isolated layer by layer, and through the pressure difference design of the third circuit and the second circuit, and the addition of radiation monitoring devices, multiple barrier defenses are realized.
Explore more potentials of wind power and geothermal
my country is rich in renewable energy, which can be described as "unlimited scenery".
As of the end of August 2022, the total installed capacity of SPIC has exceeded 200 million kilowatts, of which clean energy installed capacity has exceeded 126 million kilowatts, accounting for 62.5%. The installed capacity of photovoltaic, new energy, renewable energy and clean energy ranks among the world's largest. First.
The Sanbei region, which is rich in solar and wind resources, has the natural advantage of developing "distributed energy + electric heating".
In Lingqiu, Shanxi, SPIC Hebei has built the country's largest and Shanxi's first wind power clean heating demonstration project. It plans to supply 89,000 GJ of heat in the 2022 heating season, bringing warmth to 2,250 households and 220 commercial users.
my country is rich in geothermal resources and has huge market potential, providing useful support for the clean heating of urban public buildings, buildings, and various parks.
State Power Investment Anhui Branch built a ground source heat pump in Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui, the first village of China's rural reform.
While green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly, its cooling and heating efficiency is about 40% higher than that of traditional air source heat pumps, and the operating cost is only 30-50% of that of ordinary central air conditioners, saving 100,000 yuan in electricity bills a year.
In order to make full use of renewable geothermal resources, the Central Research Institute of State Power Investment Corporation has also innovatively developed a composite cold and heat source system.
The system includes "ground source heat pump + electric boiler + energy storage tank + chiller".
The ground source heat pump provides the basic load. In summer, the cooling tower is used for peak regulation for cooling, and in winter, the "electric boiler + energy storage tank" is used for peak regulation heating.
The technology will be applied to the second phase of the source-grid-load-storage integrated photovoltaic power generation project of the Academia Sinica.
Bioenergy becomes a new engine for the industry
On September 1, "Jianeng No. 1" realized continuous production and discharge in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, marking the realization of innovative achievements in biomass green energy pellet technology.
This year's heating season, SPIC will carry out scattered coal replacement heating in Jiamusi's "one district and three counties". It is expected to achieve an annual output of 300,000 tons of green energy particles in 2024, promoting about 10 million square meters of clean heating to replace scattered coal.
"Jianeng No. 1" is the first biomass green energy particle technology and mobile green energy particle production device in China, which was independently developed by the State Power Investment Shanghai Institute.
"It uses agricultural straws, understory residues and agricultural and sideline processing wastes as raw materials to realize coal-like fuel conversion on the spot, breaking through the bottleneck of inconvenient transportation and storage of biomass energy utilization." said Ma Mingjun, deputy general manager of Shanghai Complete Plant Research Institute. .
In Mishan, Heilongjiang, Jidian Co., Ltd. focused on the rich ecological advantages of local corn straw, and opened up a straw reuse and recycling industry chain of "raw material storage - fuel processing - energy supply - organic fertilizer sales".
In the upstream of the industry chain, the 60,000-ton biomass briquette fuel production base has completed the trial operation, realizing coal-fired substitution of nearly 30,000 tons; in the middle of the industry chain, there are currently 43 atmospheric pressure generators covering 16 towns and one community in Mishan City. The material heating boiler has been completed and put into operation, with a total heating area of 261,000 square meters; in the downstream of the industry chain, the ash after burning straws is made into organic fertilizer, which truly realizes "take it from the field and use it in the field". .
The "Mishan Mode" of cleaning and heating warms up the home and makes the people's pockets bulge.