The treatment of domestic wastewater is clearly not the first thing that comes to mind when visiting a house or thinking about having it built.
And yet!
As soon as the accommodation is located in the non-collective sanitation (ANC) zoning of the municipality, this is an additional cost that should not be overlooked.
And more than 5 million homes are affected in France.
Focus on what awaits you, if your future home is not connected to mains drainage...
The classic solution
When we talk about non-collective sanitation, we immediately think of the septic tank.
However, the latter only manages the pre-treatment of wastewater, which is then supplemented by a secondary treatment device on the ground.
This is what is called
“the traditional sector”
, as explained to us by Alain Chosson, specialist in these issues within the CLCV association (consumption, housing, living environment).
Although this installation represents an investment of 8,000 to 10,000 €, it will operate without any problem for more than 20 years, subject to emptying when the height of the sludge reaches 50% of the volume of the pit, i.e. every 10 years on average (approximately 250 €).
Having proven itself, this classic device is the preferred solution according to the expert.
But still it is necessary to be able to bury a tank of 3 m3 on average and the drains of spreading in its garden.
"The regulations oversize the volume imposed for the traditional sector, which poses a real problem of feasibility since the surface areas of the land are increasingly reduced"
, explains Alain Chosson.
A reform in preparation therefore aims to reduce the area required to use this device within a year or two.
Approved devices
Another option: the various accredited courses.
Ecological, sustainable and easy to maintain, phytopurification is gaining more and more followers.
However, count 15 to 20 m2 of land available, for an installation cost of up to €12,000 according to the CLCV.
If you do not have a lot of surface, you will however have to move towards a compact device or a microstation, for 8000 € for the purchase and installation.
But the association warns us against additional costs… Some of this equipment does indeed require oil change every year (still at the price of €250) and must be replaced every 10 years.
Moreover, a maintenance contract with a specialized company for around 150 € of annual subscription will be compulsory here.
Finally, the VSAT also involves electricity consumption, which further increases its cost of use.
Expensive checks
Whatever your device, you will also have to take into account local taxes!
In addition to an initial check during installation (300 € on average), the law imposes a check at least every 10 years.
“Local authorities are free to set the frequency and price of these visits.
However, some make much more frequent checks, just to balance their accounts
, ”says the CLCV expert.
And to continue:
"While the fee system provides in principle for paying for the service once it has been rendered, many territories have introduced an annual payment for all accommodation equipped with ANC, in order to hide the exorbitant price tax”.
Thus, according to the association's data, the average fee costs €90 over 10 years, or €9 per year, but it can go up to €40 per year!
Our "WATER" file
Ultimately, all-inclusive (purchase, installation, maintenance, taxes), the overall cost of individual wastewater treatment amounts to more than €2,300 per year over 10 years, where mains drainage costs less than €500. € each year to individuals, according to a 2018 study by the CLCV.
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Get started knowingly
In order to choose the most suitable collective sanitation device, it is necessary to have a “plot study” carried out by a specialized design office.
This preliminary step costs about 10% of the investment, or between €400 and €600, but it avoids making mistakes!
Once your choice has been made, it must be included in your building permit application and will then be analyzed by the ANC public service.
At the end of the project, an inspection will also be carried out on site to ensure compliance.
As for those who are eyeing an already existing house, know that the law requires the seller to inform you of the type of ANC he has and to give you an inspection report less than 3 years old.
Be careful, if the equipment is too old, its compliance will be at your expense!
You will nevertheless be able to benefit from a zero-rate eco-loan (eco-PTZ) if it is a question of replacing the installation with a device that does not consume energy.
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