"For eligible college graduates in the Beijing area, each person will be given a one-time job-seeking and entrepreneurial subsidy of 1,000 yuan." "Select a group of provincial college students' entrepreneurial parks and outstanding entrepreneurial projects for college students in Jiangsu Province, and give 600,000 yuan and a maximum of 100,000 yuan respectively. "One-time subsidy"... Recently, Beijing, Jiangsu, Shandong and other places have issued relevant policies to provide multi-level entrepreneurial services and support for college students.
College students are one of the most innovative and entrepreneurial potential groups.
As a new force in innovation and entrepreneurship, in recent years, more and more college students have devoted themselves to the practice of innovation and entrepreneurship.
Wu Yan, director of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education, once released a set of data. In 2020, by comparing the entrepreneurship data registered with the State Administration of Market Supervision and the national college student registration and education data, there are 54.1 entrepreneurial college students among the 2015-2020 graduates. 10,000, including 444,000 graduates and 97,000 students.
Universities provide "fertile soil" for students to innovate and start businesses
Communication University of China recently announced two shortlists for the "Double Creation" competition. Among them, "Online, Central Axis! Central Axis Digital Cultural and Creative Products, Virtual Trading Platform for Ancient Objects", "Red and Old Movie AI Restoration Platform", etc.56 One project was shortlisted for the 8th China International "Internet +" College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition in Beijing.
In recent years, the number of projects that Zhongchuan college students have participated in the "Double Creation and Entrepreneurship" competition has increased year by year, and the students are highly motivated, which is inseparable from the work accumulated by the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Center of Communication University of China in the past few years.
Yan Yugang, executive director of the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Center of Communication University of China, introduced that when promoting the school's innovation and entrepreneurship work, the characteristics of media colleges will be specifically combined.
"We are not simply talking about how many entrepreneurs have been trained and how big they are, but to mobilize students' own interests and talents, and integrate innovation and entrepreneurship education with professional education. This is the so-called Sunac."
In entrepreneurial practice, difficulties in financing, lack of experience, and inadequate services have become the problems faced by young entrepreneurs, which are also related to the improvement of college students' innovation and entrepreneurial ability and the probability of successful entrepreneurial work.
In response to these problems, colleges and universities are also cultivating "fertile soil" for students to innovate and start businesses.
For example, Tsinghua University offers the course "Basics of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for College Students" for all undergraduates. It focuses on entrepreneurship methodology, entrepreneurial models, entrepreneurial leadership and other topics to help students understand the common modes and processes of innovative entrepreneurship, master basic innovation methods and Entrepreneurial skills.
It has also set up entrepreneurial talent training programs for different groups of people, including the "Entrepreneurship and Innovation" program, "Tsinghua Innovation +" and so on.
In addition, in order to promote the high-level innovation and entrepreneurship education of "integration of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship", Tsinghua University has established "Future Interest Team", "Maker Space", "X-lab", Art and Technology Innovation Base, etc. Multiple platforms.
Another example is Beijing Jiaotong University. In order to comprehensively promote the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education, the school relies on resources such as the school's rail transit advantages and characteristic disciplines to build a platform for college students to innovate and start a business, build a number of training and incubation centers, and set up a number of special support. The fund...has formed an innovation and entrepreneurship system with new engineering characteristics.
In the 8th China International "Internet +" College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition, a total of 533 teams from the school signed up and 3,402 people participated.
Yan Yugang introduced that "double entrepreneurship" cannot stop at the step of planning and entrepreneurship. In recent years, the school has communicated through multiple channels and formed cooperative relations with social units, such as building entrepreneurship services with the media, entrepreneurial consulting companies, cultural and creative enterprises, etc. The platform, which includes both project incubation and roadshow counseling services, stabilizes valuable projects and continues to incubate.
Yan Yugang said frankly that in terms of incubation, Zhongchuan is still exploring, and there are still many deficiencies in incubation capabilities, mainly due to the lack of support from special investment funds, and still relying on the traditional method of finding investors and enterprises with a single project, and the incubation efficiency is not high. .
Yan Yugang emphasized that in the entrepreneurship and innovation education, Communication University of China should cultivate entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs, not only have the ability to transform projects, but also promote positive energy, have original ideas in the industry, and be able to lead and influence the development of the industry.
For example, the school has won five golden seed projects in the "Jing Cai Da Chuang" Peking University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition this year, among which the "Dance Cosmos" project has a technology patent, which is leading in the field of digital media and has certain advantages. Leading.
In the past ten years, college students' entrepreneurial support policies have been intensively introduced
In the past ten years, the Ministry of Education has successively formulated a series of relevant policies to clarify the relevant requirements for deepening the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education.
In 2010, the "Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Vigorously Promoting Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities and College Students' Self-employment Work" proposed to strengthen the construction of entrepreneurial bases, build a comprehensive entrepreneurial support platform, further implement and improve the support policies for college students' self-employment, and strengthen entrepreneurial guidance. and service work.
The "Basic Requirements for Entrepreneurship Education and Teaching in Ordinary Undergraduate Schools (Trial)" issued in 2012 requires that entrepreneurship education be carried out in ordinary colleges and universities, make entrepreneurship education a compulsory course in colleges and universities, publish unified textbooks, and incorporate them into the school's talent training system and education and teaching evaluation indicators .
Since 2015, the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities has been comprehensively deepened.
"The concept of innovation and entrepreneurship education lags behind and is out of touch with practice; teachers lack awareness and ability to carry out innovation and entrepreneurship education; there is a shortage of practical platforms, guidance and assistance are not in place, and the innovation and entrepreneurship education system needs to be improved..." In 2015, in response to the above problems, the State Council Office The Office issued the "Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities", which clearly stated that a flexible academic system should be implemented, the length of students' study period should be relaxed, and the adjustment of the academic process, retention of student status, suspension of study and innovation and entrepreneurship are allowed.
Subsequently, Beijing, Shanghai, Fujian, Guizhou, Inner Mongolia and other provinces have introduced reform plans for innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities.
Among them, the longest retention period is 8 years.
At present, the "flexible academic system" policy has been fully implemented.
In the following years, relevant policies were successively introduced intensively.
In 2018, the Ministry of Education proposed to "strengthen the practice of innovation and entrepreneurship, and build a platform for college students to connect innovation and entrepreneurship with social needs." Encourage colleges and universities to explore the selection and testing tools and methods of "entrepreneurial talents", and explore and carry out the secondary selection and training of specialized "entrepreneurial talents" through systems such as transferring majors and minors...
In May of this year, the General Office of the State Council re-emphasized the support for college graduates to start their own businesses in the "Notice on Further Doing a Good Job in the Employment and Entrepreneurship of College Graduates and Other Youth".
For example, according to regulations, policies such as one-time start-up subsidies, start-up guaranteed loans, interest discounts, and tax reductions and exemptions shall be provided, and about 30% of the space for start-up carriers invested and developed by the government shall be provided free of charge to college graduates and entrepreneurs; Previous college graduates, graduates returning from overseas studies and unemployed youths should register for job hunting and unemployment.
The innovation and entrepreneurship education system is gradually improving
Since the General Office of the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities" in 2015, innovation and entrepreneurship education has been extended to all important aspects of talent training such as courses, teachers, and practice.
"Courses are the core element to improve the quality of talent training, so we must pay close attention to innovation and entrepreneurship courses in universities." In October 2021, Wu Yan, director of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education, announced a statement at a press conference. According to data from the group, colleges and universities across the country have generally opened innovation and entrepreneurship education courses, with more than 30,000 courses offered, and more than 11,000 innovation and entrepreneurship MOOCs have been launched.
At the same time, it organized and compiled more than 4,000 specialized teaching materials for innovation and entrepreneurship. Relying on the "Double Ten Thousand" plan for the construction of national first-class courses, 156 national-level first-class entrepreneurship and innovation courses have been launched.
The innovation and entrepreneurship education curriculum system has been continuously improved, and online and offline "golden courses" have continued to be enriched.
Teachers are the fundamental guarantee for the quality of education.
In the process of promoting innovation and entrepreneurship curriculum reform, the structure of teachers has also been optimized.
Wu Yan pointed out that it is necessary to promote the dual-qualified teachers to serve as teachers in schools for innovation and entrepreneurship, and especially to hire a group of outstanding talents from various industries to serve as part-time innovation and entrepreneurship teachers.
At the same time, he also released a set of data: as of October 2021, there are more than 35,000 full-time teachers of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities across the country, and nearly 140,000 part-time innovation and entrepreneurship tutors.
In addition, a national resource pool of 10,000 outstanding innovation and entrepreneurship mentors has also been established, and the first batch of 4,492 mentors has entered the database.
Since 2015, the China International "Internet +" College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition has become an important carrier and platform for deepening the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education. A large number of high-quality projects with high technology content, great market potential and good social benefits have emerged.
"A total of 25.33 million college students from 6.03 million teams participated in the seven competitions, realizing the integration of basic education, vocational education, and higher education. According to statistics, more than 400 gold award projects in the six competitions alone have created more than 500,000 jobs. "Wu Yan said.
"Innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities is not just a competition, but a complete education system." In October 2021, Wu Yan once pointed out.
Taking Communication University of China as an example, Yan Yugang introduced that from the very beginning, the school has focused on "promoting learning through competition", starting from the "big innovation plan" for junior students, and closely combining the two.
The school’s public account for entrepreneurship and innovation will regularly release relevant news, release registration and competition guidance, organize competition review sharing sessions, and will also invite well-known investors to “inquire” about students’ projects, “For example, last year we were Five investors were invited and five meeting rooms were found, and students could chat with investors one by one with projects, which was a good practical guidance process.”
Wu Yan said that in addition, the Ministry of Education will launch a number of national entrepreneurship and innovation colleges, build a number of national entrepreneurship and innovation practice education centers, and enrich the innovation and entrepreneurship talent pool and mentor pool... Make innovation and entrepreneurship education a full-coverage, multi-level , Personalized innovation and entrepreneurship education system.
At the level of entrepreneurial practice, the Ministry of Education has implemented the "National Innovation Plan" for college students to innovate and start businesses.
According to data released by the Ministry of Education in October 2021, since 2007, 1,000 college students and 1.39 million college students have participated in the "National Innovation Program", and a total of 340,000 national-level projects have received a total of 5.8 billion yuan in funding.
Beijing News reporter Feng Qi Liu Yang