Young people are the main force of employment and consumption.
In the future, what trend will the mobility of young people show?
Recently, the first white paper dedicated to youth in the history of the People's Republic of China, "Chinese Youth in the New Era," was officially released. The white paper announced the urbanization rate of the permanent youth population for the first time, pointing out that the urbanization rate of the permanent youth population in 2020 will reach 71.1%, an increase of 10 years. The previous increase was 15.3 percentage points, which was 7.2 percentage points higher than the overall resident population urbanization rate.
Professor Dong Yuzheng, a population expert and director of the Guangdong Population Development Research Institute, analyzed the first financial analysis, and the urbanization rate of 71.1% is relatively high.
Young people are the most active part of the population structure. As more and more people go to school for employment and integrate into urban life, the urbanization rate of the youth population will further increase.
Judging from these comparative figures, the urbanization rate of China's youth population still has room for further growth.
At the same time, the youth population is 7.2 percentage points higher than the overall permanent population, which also shows that the urbanization rate of the elderly population and the children population is lower than that of the youth population.
In rural areas, there are not only a large number of left-behind children, but also a large number of left-behind elderly people.
According to the 2021 Migrant Worker Monitoring Report released by the National Bureau of Statistics, my country will go out to 171.72 million migrant workers in 2021, an increase of 2.13 million or 1.3% over the previous year.
The average age of migrant workers who go out is 36.8 years old, and the average age of local migrant workers is 46.0 years old, a difference of 9.2 years.
It can be seen that the migrant workers who go out are mainly young people.
A major focus of my country's urbanization in the future is to speed up the citizenization of migrant workers.
Ding Changfa, associate professor of the Department of Economics at Xiamen University, analyzed that the urbanization rate of the permanent population in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta is already very high. The next most important thing is to improve the quality of urbanization. In the future, it is necessary to speed up housing, education, medical care, etc. In the field of public services, we need to make up for shortcomings, increase the supply of public products, and allow migrant workers to accelerate their citizenization and better integrate into the city, which is also conducive to the development of the local service industry and manufacturing industry.
On the other hand, when the urbanization rate of the youth population exceeds 70%, the secondary urbanization of the youth population will be more obvious.
That is to say, compared with the flow of population from townships to cities in the process of primary urbanization, secondary urbanization is the flow between cities, from small and medium cities to central cities and metropolitan areas.
The data shows that although my country's population increase in 2021 is only 480,000, there will still be at least 20 cities with a population increase of more than 70,000 in 2021, including Wuhan, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Xi'an, Nanchang, Changsha and Qingdao. more than 150,000 people.
In general, new first-tier cities, second-tier cities and first-tier cities have become key areas for population inflows.
In comparison, the increments in first-tier cities are all less than 100,000.
Ding Changfa analyzed that in recent years, including new first-tier cities and second-tier cities, the economy has developed rapidly in recent years, and there are many employment opportunities; the public infrastructure such as medical care and education in these cities are also good; compared with first-tier cities, housing prices are not so high, and it is easy to settle down. , so for young people, these cities are very cost-effective.
As my country's population is approaching the zero threshold for growth, major cities are now stepping up efforts to attract young talents.
For example, on April 28, the talent work conference of the Changsha Municipal Party Committee was held, and the "Changsha City's Policies for Creating a National Platform for Attracting and Gathering Talents (Trial)" was released.
Following the release of "22 Changsha Talent Policies" in 2017, the "45 Upgraded Version" of Changsha's talent policy has put forward 45 policy points from 7 aspects, including global recruitment of top talents and innovation and cultivation of industrial talents.
The new talent policy in Changsha makes it clear that 30,000 yuan, 20,000 yuan and 12,000 yuan will be given to the doctoral, master and full-time undergraduate graduates who are under the age of 35 (inclusive) and who have settled in and are working for a long time within two years of graduation. Living allowance.
For doctoral and master graduates under the age of 35 (inclusive) who are new to work in Changsha, they will be given a house purchase subsidy of 100,000 yuan and 30,000 yuan respectively for their first home purchase in Changsha.
Coincidentally, Zhengzhou, another powerful provincial capital in central China, has also recently made big moves.
On April 15th, Zhengzhou City held a press conference on "Vibrant Zhengzhou Youth Zhengzhou" Zhengzhou Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Action, aiming to attract more outstanding young talents to come to Zhengzhou for innovation and entrepreneurship.
The press conference proposes that starting from this year, Zhengzhou will carry out youth innovation and entrepreneurship in an all-round way, cultivating talents in the whole chain, attracting talents from all perspectives, and using talents in all directions, and strives to introduce 1,500 new young talents with doctoral degrees in 2022, and cultivate many new talents. Out of 30,000 young digital talents, 200,000 young talents were newly recruited to stay in Zhenglaizheng to start businesses and employ them. In about 5 years, 1 million new young talents were added.
Dong Yuzheng said that in the future, the young population will continue to gather in central cities such as strong second-tier cities, provincial capital cities, and cities under separate state planning.
Most of these young people are highly educated and highly skilled, and these talents are urgently needed for cities to achieve high-quality development.
Author: Lin Xiaozhao