"Crossing over the hurdle of capital" (making market entities more prosperous①)
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the main body of the market is the carrier of economic power, and protecting the main body of the market is to protect the social productivity.
The Central Economic Work Conference clearly stated that "macro policies must be stable and effective", "implement new tax and fee reduction policies, and strengthen support for small, medium and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, manufacturing, risk mitigation, etc.", "micro policies must be Continue to stimulate the vitality of market entities", "to boost the confidence of market entities", etc.
This year's "Government Work Report" also proposed to "focus on stabilizing market players and ensuring employment".
How are the market players doing now?
What difficulties did you encounter?
What tangible benefits have the introduced policies and measures brought to market players?
In response to these topics, we will launch a series of reports on "Making Market Entities More Prosperous" from today. Combined with support policies in different fields, we will describe how market entities such as small and medium-sized micro-enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, and entrepreneurs have climbed the slopes, faced difficulties, A vivid story of tenacious growth.
--editor
General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the financing of small, medium and micro enterprises, and has repeatedly emphasized that "priority should be given to solving the financing difficulties or even inability of private enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, and at the same time gradually reduce financing costs." expensive problem".
Small and micro enterprises are connected to the market and employment at one end. Solving the financing problems of small and micro enterprises is not only related to the vitality of the market, but also to people's livelihood.
In recent years, relevant state departments have issued several policies to encourage financial institutions to reduce actual loan interest rates, continuously improve financial supply for small and micro enterprises, and improve financing convenience.
According to statistics, in the past four years, the average growth rate of inclusive loans to small and micro enterprises has exceeded 25%, and the loan interest rate has dropped by more than 2 percentage points.
How can a series of new financing measures help small and micro enterprises?
What is the effect?
Our reporter interviewed 4 small and micro enterprises.
"Spend more energy on the 'knife edge'"
On the track of new energy vehicles, Guangdong Zhongyu Hengtong Electric Heating Technology Co., Ltd. is not large in scale, but its role is not small.
Its self-developed heating film equipment can provide preheating for lithium iron phosphate batteries and help new energy vehicles maintain good power performance in low temperature and cold environments. Downstream customers include Yutong Bus, Weichai Power, Guoxuan Hi-Tech and other well-known enterprise.
"If small and micro enterprises want to develop faster, capital is always a big problem." Wu Jinpeng, founder of Zhongyu Hengtong, said that in the past two years, seeing the rapid development of the new energy vehicle market, he decided to return to his hometown in Hubei to set up a factory to further Expand production capacity.
However, the new crown pneumonia epidemic has repeatedly disrupted his plans, and the normal capital turnover has also encountered difficulties.
Wu Jinpeng told reporters that in the new energy vehicle industry, upstream and downstream companies settle payments on a monthly basis.
In order to ensure the stability of production and sales relations, enterprises usually prepare enough operating funds for 4 months of turnover.
"Affected by the epidemic, our supply to some downstream manufacturers has been delayed, and the other party's payment has been delayed accordingly. In addition to the previous update of equipment in the factory, the capital chain was suddenly stretched. In addition to making good products, we also need to think about capital all day long. ."He said.
Zhao Xuemin, President of Huafa Sub-branch of China Guangfa Bank Dongguan Branch, immediately learned about Wu Jinpeng's pressure.
"According to the requirements of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, banking financial institutions should comprehensively use Internet big data and other financial technology means, actively participate in credit information sharing mechanisms such as 'bank tax interaction' and 'bank business cooperation', and provide convenient and fast online financing services." Zhao Xuemin He said that Zhongyu Hengtong’s operation has always been relatively stable, with good credit and taxation records, which meets the requirements of “Tax Yintong”, an online financing product launched by China Guangfa Bank for small and micro enterprises.
In the end, Wu Jinpeng received 3 million yuan, one-year working capital loan support.
Slow financing and many procedures have once plagued small, medium and micro enterprises.
Since last year, the central bank and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission have repeatedly emphasized the need to simplify procedures and use new means such as big data to improve the convenience of financial services.
Wu Jinpeng's business has felt this change.
Under the model of "technological empowerment and tax-determined loan", corporate credit application and approval processes are all processed online, and the entire credit process is convenient and fast.
"Applying for a loan without leaving home allows me to free up my hands to engage in production and research and development, and devote more energy to the 'knife edge' to do a good job in production and research and development!"
"5 million yuan helps us achieve production capacity climbing"
Wang Guoqiu, chairman of Hunan Qitai Sensing Technology Co., Ltd., has a "chip dream" of his own.
"Metal pressure-sensitive sensor chips are the key components to solve the power transmission of construction machinery and equipment. For a long time, domestic enterprises have mainly relied on imports." Wang Guoqiu told this reporter that after more than 10 years of hard work, he and his team have overcome the sensor heterogeneous membrane key process and technology problems, and take the lead in applying them to large-scale production.
"In order to enter the market, it is necessary to build a production line. Among them, the main purpose is to achieve 'yield rate climbing' and 'capacity climbing'. By the end of 2019, the yield rate of our test line has increased to 95%, which is higher than the international The first slope is over by 7 to 8 percentage points among peers. In the next few years to climb the second slope, millions or even tens of millions of yuan will have to be invested.” Wang Guoqiu said that asset-light, high-tech , Unsecured property is the characteristic of many technology-based small and micro enterprises, especially in the context of repeated epidemics, the importance of funds is more prominent.
Ye Xian, President of Bank of Communications Changsha Liuyang Sub-branch, understands these difficulties.
After the investigation, he believes that Qitai Technology has a clear product direction, solid technology accumulation, and broad application prospects. In particular, if the chips it develops are successfully mass-produced, it will effectively solve the problem of "stuck neck" in this field and comply with regulatory authorities. direction of encouragement.
"Banks should 'take the lead' at a critical moment." Ye Xian said that in 2020, under the guidance of relevant national policies, Bank of Communications will provide Qitai Company with 5 million yuan in combination with the risk compensation fund initiated by the local government and the park where it is located. The entrepreneurial credit loan with an annual interest rate of 4.35%.
"5 million yuan has helped us achieve production capacity climbing. The company has completely independent intellectual property rights in key technologies and processes. Now, domestic construction machinery giants such as Sany Heavy Industry, Zoomlion, and Xugong Machinery are all our customers." Wang Guoqiu said that in 2021, the sales revenue of Qitai Technology will exceed 30 million yuan.
According to data from the People's Bank of China, at the end of 2021, the national inclusive small and micro loan balance increased by 27.3% year-on-year, and the number of inclusive small and micro credit customers exceeded 44 million. The weighted average interest rate of the newly issued inclusive small and micro enterprise loans in November 2021 is 4.98%, down 0.1 percentage points from December 2020.
"We have finally crossed the hurdle of funding! The financing interest rate I got is lower than the market average, and the market feedback of the product is very good. The company is planning to apply for another 10 million yuan of credit funding support." Wang Guoqiu calculated The development of the enterprise will definitely continue to accelerate after the funds are released.
"No more worrying about lack of collateral"
In Banan District, Chongqing City, there is a very distinctive small enterprise—Chongqing Kabin General Machinery Co., Ltd.
Although there are only more than 60 employees, the company has a wide variety of products, such as EFI generators, gasoline welding machines, portable portable inverter welding machines, gasoline engine water pumps... The company produces a variety of general-purpose machinery, which are widely used in municipal, garden, agricultural , communications and other fields, many orders at home and abroad.
Yang Tinggang, the founder of Chongqing Kabin General Machinery Co., Ltd., is a typical "post-70s" technical man.
In his mind, it is not difficult to make general mechanical products, but it is difficult to make features and quality.
"My idea is to do a good job in product research and development. It doesn't matter if the development is slow. It is necessary to 'strengthen first and then become big'." Yang Tinggang said.
However, just when the company is fully prepared and ready to expand the market and show its strengths, due to the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the prices of raw materials for products continue to rise, the sales payment cycle is extended, and the normal capital turnover of the company becomes tight.
This is also the common plight of many manufacturing small and micro enterprises since the epidemic.
In this regard, the People's Bank of China proposed the "Inclusive Small and Micro Enterprise Loan Extension Support Tool" and "Inclusive Small and Micro Enterprise Credit Loan Support Plan"; the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission required all banking financial institutions to lower their service focus and focus on increasing the support for small and micro enterprises. "First-time lenders" have increased their credit supply, while gradually reducing their over-reliance on mortgages and collaterals.
In Chongqing, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Chongqing Banan Sub-branch established the "Inclusive Youth Pioneer Team".
A group of young account managers took the initiative to visit local small and micro enterprises to explain the national credit policy and understand the financing needs of enterprises.
During a visit, Zhou Taiping discovered the problem of carbine machinery.
"Without loan records and lack of sufficient collateral, Kabin Machinery is very much in line with the direction supported by the 'credit loan' policy." Zhou Taiping said that she had visited the company several times for on-the-spot research and discussed solutions with Yang Tinggang.
In the end, ICBC provided 2 million yuan of credit loan for Kabin Machinery to supplement the operating capital of the enterprise.
"The credit loan makes us no longer worry about the lack of collateral. The company can not only stabilize previous orders, but also plan for greater development. A sugar cane can also be sweet. We are developing several lighter and more practical models. New products will be launched within the year!" Yang Tinggang is full of confidence.
"Refinancing helps companies seize big business opportunities"
"300 million people go to the ice and snow, the business opportunities are too great! If we didn't do our best to seize the opportunity of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, we would not have the rapid development we have now." As the closing time approached, Beijing Natural Force Technology and Trade Development Co., Ltd. co-founded Ren Zhouhang was dragged to a meeting by his colleagues to study the direction of the next step in the development and design of new products.
Zhou Hang told reporters that they are a foreign trade enterprise mainly focusing on skiing products. The rapid development in recent years has benefited from the strong attraction of the Beijing Winter Olympics and is also inseparable from the on-lending model specially aimed at small and micro foreign trade enterprises.
It is understood that under the on-lending model, small and medium-sized commercial banks can obtain low-cost funds provided by policy banks, and then provide financing support to small and micro enterprises.
By the end of 2021, the Export-Import Bank of China has achieved an annual increase of 23.161 billion yuan in inclusive loans to small and micro enterprises through re-loan as the main channel, a year-on-year increase of 23.7%, serving 70,000 small and micro enterprises.
Cheng Hao, head of Jinhai International Sub-branch of Bank of Beijing City Sub-center Branch, has cooperated with Zhou Hang for many years.
"Since 2020, due to the impact of the epidemic, Zhou Hang's company has experienced a situation of 'not prosperous in peak season' and has tight cash flow. According to the characteristics of this company, we have applied for 2 re-loans of 10 million yuan from the Export-Import Bank of China. After all, , as an industry with strong seasonality, the Beijing Winter Olympics must help them seize the opportunity." Cheng Hao said.
"At the end of 2021, the re-loan funds totaling 20 million yuan were all successfully received, and we were able to turn around and purchase goods in a timely manner. Roughly estimated, during the Beijing Winter Olympics, our sales performance increased by more than 40% year-on-year." Zhou Hang said.
The relevant person in charge of the Beijing Branch of the Export-Import Bank of China said that the risk-sharing on-lending business is an active exploration by the Export-Import Bank of China to strengthen its support for small and micro enterprises, and further exerted the driving force of policy banks to reduce the financing costs of small and micro foreign trade enterprises. effect.
"Through the on-lending, we have realized the precise drip irrigation of wholesale funds to foreign trade small and micro enterprises, effectively alleviating the difficulties and expensive financing problems of small and micro enterprises." The person in charge said that he will continue to increase cooperation with commercial banks and actively Innovative on-lending model to serve the development of the real economy.
"Compared with our normal financing costs in the past, the annualized interest rate of the re-loan is about 0.5% lower, and the amount is not low. This re-loan has helped us seize the big business opportunity!" Zhou Hang said.