Our reporter Wang Yichen
In order to comprehensively promote the green and low-carbon development of energy, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration recently issued the "Opinions on Improving the Institutions, Mechanisms, and Policy Measures for Energy Green and Low-Carbon Transformation", which has attracted great attention from the society.
Experts said that there are still some deficiencies in the current energy system and policies, such as energy transmission and other infrastructure that are not suitable for the large-scale development of new energy, and the energy market system is not perfect.
Systematic and overall thinking should be adhered to, and the institutional mechanisms and policy measures for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy should be comprehensively planned from the perspective of top-level design.
Taking new energy as the main body
"The clean power source and the electrification of terminal energy consumption are important directions for the structural adjustment of the supply side and the consumption side. With the increase in the proportion of electricity in the energy consumption system and the large-scale integration of new energy power generation projects, it is urgent to build a new energy-based power generation project. The main new power system." said Yi Yuechun, vice president of the General Institute of Hydropower Planning and Design.
The "Opinions" propose specific measures in terms of power grid construction, key technology upgrades, and operating systems and mechanisms.
On the one hand, it is necessary to evaluate the adaptability of the existing power system for green and low-carbon development, improve the technical level and optimize the system in terms of grid structure, power supply structure, source-grid-load-storage coordination, and digital and intelligent operation control.
On the other hand, give full play to the role of the power market mechanism, mobilize the system flexibility of coal-fired power units, natural gas peak-shaving units, hydropower and other regulated power sources, as well as power demand-side loads such as user-side energy storage, electric vehicle charging facilities, and distributed generation. The enthusiasm of the power system regulation, through the optimal design of the market mechanism, fully taps the clean energy consumption potential of the power system.
In June this year, Anhui's first 35kV "5G + source-grid-load-storage" new-generation substation demonstration project - Huaibei source-grid-load-storage integration demonstration project will be completed and put into operation, becoming an integrated "source, grid, load, and storage" multi-station project. The energy hub station with various elements will greatly enhance the new energy consumption capacity, cut peaks and fill valleys, and stabilize the fluctuation of new energy power generation.
Wang Kejie, deputy general manager of State Grid Huaibei Power Supply Company, said that after the project is put into operation, the combined effect of the source-grid-load-storage system will greatly improve the intelligence level of the power grid. The achievement of the goal is a milestone.
In addition, the "Opinions" also make systematic deployment in reducing non-technical costs.
The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration said that the green and low-carbon transformation of energy is essentially the process of the flow of production factors from high-carbon fields to low-carbon fields.
Achieving the establishment first and then breaking and breaking the path dependence requires strong policy support and guidance.
The "Opinions" system proposes to improve policies on land, finance, taxation, finance, price, and data resources that are conducive to the green and low-carbon transformation of energy, guide production factors such as land, capital, and data to be invested in the field of clean and low-carbon energy, strengthen the coordinated allocation of factors, and accelerate the promotion of Green and low-carbon transformation of energy.
Promoting the reform of electricity marketization
The power marketization reform empowers the new power system, and is a booster for promoting the green and low-carbon development of the power system and realizing the flexibility, efficiency, and multiple interactions of the power system.
"In response to the problem that the current power grid infrastructure and power system operation mechanism are not suitable for the large-scale development of clean and low-carbon energy, the "Opinions" proposes a market-oriented solution for electricity, which will provide institutional mechanisms and policies for key areas in the construction and operation of new power systems. Guarantee and systematically support the large-scale development of clean and low-carbon energy.” said Du Zhongming, Secretary of the Party Committee and President of the General Electric Power Planning and Design Institute.
The large power grid is an important platform for my country to realize the optimal allocation of energy resources nationwide, and it needs to play a further role.
my country's energy resources and demand are distributed in reverse, and objectively, it is necessary to allocate energy on a large scale and long-distance across the country from west to east and from north to south.
The "Opinions" propose to further improve the formation mechanism of inter-provincial and inter-regional electricity prices and promote the consumption of renewable energy in a wider range.
All regions are encouraged to meet the requirements of indicators such as the minimum proportion of renewable energy consumption stipulated by the state through regional cooperation or the development of renewable energy power consumption transactions.
The development experience of the past few years shows that the rapid development of clean and low-carbon energy has made outstanding contributions to alleviating energy resource constraints and ecological environment pressure, while the problem of clean energy consumption caused by unbalanced and insufficient development has seriously restricted the healthy and sustainable power industry. developing.
The "Opinions" proposed to establish a national unified power market system and accelerate the construction of the power auxiliary service market.
Du Zhongming said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country's new energy will not only further expand the installed capacity, but also put forward higher requirements for the consumption and utilization of new energy.
In order to ensure high-level consumption and utilization of new energy power, it is necessary to form a complete and unified high-standard power market system that adapts to a high proportion of renewable energy.
Innovative Rural New Energy Development and Utilization
On January 12, the new power system of the "Shared Wealth and Shared" digital agricultural park built by the State Grid Jiaxing Power Supply Company was put into commercial operation in Pinghu Agricultural Economic Development Zone (Guangchen Town), Zhejiang.
"This model enables agricultural parks to share the electricity generated by clean energy and enjoy the dividends of hydrogen energy, photovoltaics, energy storage, and charging pile construction, which not only meets the energy demand of enterprises, but also reduces the investment cost of electricity consumption, and provides strong support for promoting the accelerated upgrading of traditional agriculture. Power." Xu Jianjun, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of Pinghu Agricultural Development Zone (Guangchen Town), said, "The project is expected to achieve an annual income of 1.46 million yuan. The energy consumption problem has been solved, and more and more enterprises have come. Now we are all called This is 'agricultural Silicon Valley'."
The green transformation and development of energy in rural areas is an important part of building a modern energy system. It is of great significance to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, promote rural revitalization, achieve the "double carbon" goal and modernize agriculture and rural areas.
Rural energy consumption mainly includes domestic energy such as cooking, heating and lighting, as well as production energy such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.
Since 1979, carbon emissions from energy consumption in the agricultural sector have been on the rise, with carbon emissions from energy consumption rising from 30.02 million tons in 1979 to 237 million tons in 2018, an increase of nearly seven times.
Under the dual historical responsibility of the "dual carbon" goal and the rural revitalization strategy, rural energy transformation is imminent.
The "Opinions" make it clear that the mechanism for the development and utilization of rural renewable energy should be innovated.
Encourage the use of land suitable for decentralized development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in rural areas, and explore the investment and operation model of renewable energy projects with unified planning, decentralized layout, agricultural enterprise cooperation, and benefit sharing.
Encourage rural collective economic organizations to jointly invest and operate renewable energy power generation projects with specialized enterprises by means of land use rights, joint ventures, etc.
Experts said that rural energy transformation is a complex and major issue, and it is necessary to prevent rushing and duplication of construction.
Before large-scale promotion, priority can be given to promoting green and low-carbon rural energy pilot projects in key rural revitalization counties, fully combining local resource endowments, selecting suitable new energy varieties and development models, and prioritizing local and nearby consumption to reduce energy transmission distances And the transformation link, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of rural energy resources.