This newspaper's "Cultivated Land Problem Investigation" aroused attention——
Protecting cultivated land is to ensure national food security
Beijing, February 18 (Reporters Qiao Jinliang, Huang Xiaofang, Liu Hui) On February 14, the front page of this newspaper published a long-length survey "Investigation on Cultivated Land Issues", which made an in-depth report on how to maintain the red line of the quantity and quality of cultivated land. It has attracted the attention of relevant departments and experts and scholars.
Lu Jingbo, deputy director of the State Bureau of Grain and Material Reserves, said that cultivated land is the lifeblood of food production and the foundation of national food security and the "rice bag" of the people.
The "Cultivated Land Problem Survey" reveals the current situation of cultivated land problems, as well as the pain points and difficulties of cultivated land protection, and puts forward ideas, measures and suggestions for the development of cultivated land protection, which is of great significance for promoting the next step of cultivated land protection work and ensuring national food security.
Lu Jingbo said that the national grain and material reserve system must implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, focus on ensuring national food security, effectively secure the jobs of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people, and provide a strong guarantee for building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.
It is necessary to strictly implement the joint responsibility of the party and the government for food security, and further increase the assessment of arable land protection, area production, regulation of purchase and storage, and emergency support, highlighting key points and continuously tightening them.
At the same time, speed up the legislative process of the Food Safety Guarantee Law, continue to implement the Regulations on the Administration of Grain Circulation, and improve the level of grain governance in accordance with the law.
Strengthen the coordinated guarantee of "production, purchase, storage and sales", and ensure the supply and price of grain.
We will further advance the high-quality grain project, speed up the high-quality development of the grain industry, establish the orientation of high-quality grain and high price, and increase the "two enthusiasms" of farmers to grow grain and local party and government to grasp grain.
Innovate and improve the supervision of grain circulation, and maintain and manage the "granary of the world".
Guo Yongtian, director of the Department of Farmland Construction Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, believes that the Economic Daily has launched a long research report focusing on cultivated land issues, which highlights the importance and urgency of cultivated land construction and protection.
To ensure national food security, the key is to implement the strategy of storing grain in the land and technology.
To preserve arable land, it is necessary not only to maintain quantity but also to improve quality, and to keep the double red line of quantity and quality.
my country's national conditions are that there are many people, land and water shortage, the overall quality of cultivated land is not high, and the reserve resources are insufficient.
Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively grasp the extreme importance of maintaining the red line of cultivated land and improving the quality of cultivated land from the height of strategy and overall situation, continuously enhance the sense of responsibility and urgency, and comprehensively compact the responsibility of cultivated land protection.
Guo Yongtian said that in recent years, agricultural and rural departments at all levels have solidly promoted the construction of high-standard farmland, and launched projects to improve the quality of cultivated land such as the National Black Land Protection Project. Up to now, 900 million mu of high-standard farmland has been built, which strongly supports grain and important agricultural products. supply.
However, compared with the requirements for high-quality agricultural development and the rigid growth trend of food demand, the relevant work should not be slack in the slightest.
In the next step, we must resolutely adhere to the red line of cultivated land, curb the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land, and strictly control the "non-grainization" of cultivated land; focus on the protection of cultivated land and the improvement of soil fertility, and improve the monitoring and supervision mechanism of cultivated land quality; accelerate the construction of high-standard farmland and improve the construction Standard and quality, truly realize drought and flood, high yield and stable yield, and further consolidate the foundation of national food security.
Ye Xingqing, director of the Rural Economy Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said that the report comprehensively, systematically and in-depth revealed the various manifestations and underlying causes of the problem of cultivated land, and gave the answer to the problem.
As the report pointed out, around the protection of cultivated land, my country has formed three types of toolboxes: management, construction and incentives.
Comparatively speaking, the "ammunition" of the control toolbox is getting more and more abundant, the construction toolbox is being enriched and perfected, and the incentive toolbox is the weak point.
Ye Xingqing believes that to solve the problem of cultivated land, we should focus on making up for the shortcomings of incentives.
On the one hand, it is necessary to enrich and expand the incentive tools for contractors and operators.
Contractors are bearish on land, and operators plunder land. The core reason is the word "profit".
As long as there are enough interests, the protection and construction of cultivated land will become a conscious action.
Therefore, in addition to improving the income of farming, it is also necessary to increase the income of raising land.
my country has carried out the grading assessment of cultivated land quality, but it still remains in spot testing.
If the assessment can be implemented on the plot, and the land can be compensated, all parties will be motivated.
On the other hand, it is necessary to enrich and expand the incentive tools for local governments.
Most of the places with a large amount of cultivated land under protection and heavy construction tasks are places with lagging economic development and financial difficulties.
From a vertical perspective, the central government's financial support should be increased.
Raise the subsidy standard for high-standard farmland, and increase the proportion of land transfer income for agriculture and rural areas.
From a horizontal perspective, we will increase support from developed regions.
Under the premise of effective supervision, the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation should be implemented on a larger scale.
Lu Xi, a senior economist at the Land Affairs Research Center of the National Land Survey and Planning Institute of the Ministry of Natural Resources, believes that the report has a clear and smooth context for the current cultivated land protection policy system, and the views are very targeted.
In particular, it gave clear answers to key questions such as why, how, and where to protect.
The ultimate goal of protecting cultivated land is to ensure national food security.
At present, the global cross-border trade volume of grains exceeds 800 billion catties per year, accounting for only more than half of my country's grain demand. The cross-border trade volume of rice is about 90 billion catties, only one-third of my country's rice consumption.
The red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land has been obtained through scientific calculations and repeated demonstrations. It is the lifeline of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people. This is the reason why the red line of cultivated land must be adhered to.
In a state of tight balance between food supply and demand, the central government has introduced measures to continuously protect cultivated land, so as to ensure that people have no worries about food and clothing.
Wang Bin, deputy director of the Government Economic Management Teaching and Research Office of the Economics Teaching and Research Department of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), said that the report conducted an in-depth investigation of major issues related to food security on farmland protection, which is an important manifestation of the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's instructions on farmland protection.
This paper presents the problems with a large number of facts and data, analyzes the urgency of cultivated land protection, combines the research results and national policy orientation, and puts forward constructive suggestions with strong operability, which has great reference value for the implementation of cultivated land protection.
Wang Bin said that keeping the red line of cultivated land is not only an important aspect of ensuring the bottom line of national security, but also the foundation and premise of promoting high-quality agricultural development.
On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the rectification of illegal destruction of cultivated land to prevent "non-agriculturalization" and "non-grainization";
From the macro perspective of optimizing the layout of land and resources, it is necessary to divide urbanized areas, main agricultural production areas and ecological functional areas according to the main functional areas, and build a new pattern of land space development and protection based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment.