[Economic Observation] Where does the motivation for individual industrial and commercial households to break through 100 million come from?

　　Our reporter Yang Zhaokui

　　According to data released by the State Administration for Market Regulation recently, by the end of 2021, the number of registered individual industrial and commercial households nationwide had reached 103 million, a year-on-year increase of 11.1%, 2.5 times that of 2012, and an average annual growth of 10.9%, accounting for about 103 million of the total market entities ( 154 million households) 2/3.

　　The number of individual industrial and commercial households exceeded 100 million, a historic breakthrough.

At the beginning of reform and opening up, in 1980, the number of individual industrial and commercial households in my country was less than 10,000, accounting for less than 1% of the market players.

　　Despite the impact of the epidemic, the overall development of individual industrial and commercial households has been stable.

Statistics from the State Administration for Market Regulation show that in 2021, 19.701 million new individual industrial and commercial households will be established nationwide, a year-on-year increase of 17.2%, exceeding the average annual growth rate of 11.8% from 2012 to 2021.

　　In fact, after the outbreak of the epidemic, the development of individual industrial and commercial households did encounter great difficulties.

In February 2020, the relevant person in charge of the State Administration for Market Regulation said that the difficulties faced by individual industrial and commercial households mainly include several aspects: First, it is difficult to resume work and production, and they cannot open and make money.

Second, there is a lot of pressure on hard expenses. In addition to labor costs, there are also rent, water and electricity costs.

The third is the shortage of credit liquidity.

　　However, relevant departments have studied and introduced policies to increase support for individual industrial and commercial households and small and micro enterprises in terms of finance, taxation, finance, and social security.

For example, in terms of increasing the service to individual industrial and commercial households, in the first half of 2020, the measures of "non-stop supply of arrears" will be implemented for individual industrial and commercial households who are unable to pay electricity and gas fees in full due to the impact of the epidemic.

For individual industrial and commercial households in industries seriously affected by the epidemic, such as commerce and trade, catering and food, the price of electricity and gas can enjoy the relevant policies issued by the state to reduce costs in stages.

　　In terms of tax reduction and fee reduction, the tax reduction policy for small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households has been continuously optimized.

The Ministry of Finance recently stated that it will focus on small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households to promote the accelerated development and vitality of market players.

Continue to implement the tax and fee reduction measures to support small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households that expire at the end of 2021 to further ease the operating pressure of small and micro enterprises.

　　A series of support measures have enabled individual industrial and commercial households to survive and continue to grow and develop, and have played an important role in stimulating the economy and promoting development.

According to the survey, the average number of employees of self-employed industrial and commercial households is 2.68. Based on this calculation, the national self-employed industrial and commercial households have solved the employment problem of 276 million people.

　　At the same time, individual industrial and commercial households have also become a positive force in promoting economic transformation and upgrading.

By the end of 2021, there will be a total of 29.487 million individual industrial and commercial households in the "four new" economic sectors of new technologies, new industries, new formats and new models, accounting for 28.6% of the total registered individual industrial and commercial households.

In 2021, there will be 7.789 million new "Four New" economic individual industrial and commercial households, a year-on-year increase of 29.3%, and the growth rate is 12.1 percentage points higher than the total number of individual industrial and commercial households.

　　Although the development momentum is good, due to the repeated epidemics and other factors, the development of the vast number of individual industrial and commercial households still faces many difficulties.

On January 27 this year, the relevant person in charge of the State Administration of Market Supervision said that according to the survey, these difficulties are mainly concentrated in five aspects: first, unstable expectations and lack of confidence in development; second, difficulty in recruiting and expensive labor problems; third, rising costs , compressing the profit space; fourth, network platform companies use the advantages of capital, data and technology to expand disorderly, raise the charging standards, attach unreasonable transaction conditions, and squeeze the living space of individual industrial and commercial households; fifth, the capital chain is tight The problem is still not well resolved.

　　The person in charge said that in response to these problems, the State Administration for Market Regulation will take measures to do everything possible to help the development of individual industrial and commercial households.

For example, we will continue to improve policies and measures, and research and introduce a number of policies to accurately support the development of individual industrial and commercial households in terms of finance, taxation, finance, social security, and employment.

At the same time, optimize the business environment, implement a fair competition review system, and ensure that individual industrial and commercial households participate in market competition on an equal footing.

Strengthen anti-monopoly supervision, prevent the disorderly expansion of capital, strictly prohibit companies with a dominant position from squeezing the living space of individual industrial and commercial households to seize market share, and maintain a market environment for fair competition.