Our reporter Bao Xing'an
Trainee reporter Yang Jie
On January 28, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a National Unified Electricity Market System" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), proposing that by 2025, the national unified electricity market system will be initially completed and the national market Coordinated operation with provincial (autonomous regions, municipalities)/regional markets, integrated design and joint operation of medium and long-term power, spot and auxiliary service markets, market-oriented allocation of resources across provinces and regions and a significant increase in the scale of green power transactions, which is conducive to new energy, Market transactions and pricing mechanisms for energy storage and other developments have taken shape.
By 2030, the national unified power market system will be basically completed, adapt to the requirements of the new power system, the national market and the provincial (regional, municipal)/regional market will operate jointly, new energy will fully participate in market transactions, market players will compete on an equal footing and make independent choices, and power resources will be It has been further optimized and configured nationwide.
Timely establishment of a national power trading center
The relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission said that the strategic goals of carbon peaking in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060 have put forward new requirements for the construction of the power market. Promote the sharing, mutual assistance and optimal allocation of power resources on a large scale, improve the stability and flexible adjustment capabilities of the power system, and achieve clean, low-carbon transformation and high-quality development of energy by market-oriented means at a lower cost.
According to reports, improving the multi-level unified power market system mainly includes the following aspects: accelerating the construction of the national power market, improving the operation management of power trading platforms and the cross-provincial and cross-regional market trading mechanism, researching and promoting the establishment of a national power trading center in a timely manner, and establishing corresponding Steady progress in the construction of provincial (autonomous regions, municipalities)/regional power markets; guide the coordinated operation of power markets at all levels; and orderly promote the opening and cooperation of cross-provincial and cross-regional markets.
Song Xiangqing, deputy dean of the Institute of Government Management of Beijing Normal University and director of the Industrial Economics Research Center, told the "Securities Daily" reporter that the establishment of a national power trading center is conducive to promoting equal competition among power market entities, and realizing the overall allocation and sharing of power resources. To ensure the stability of the power industry chain supply chain, so as to achieve the independent self-control and stable development of my country's power market in the context of the increasingly complex global energy supply situation.
前述国家发展改革委有关负责人表示，完善电力市场功能，主要包括以下四方面任务：一是持续推动电力中长期市场建设。进一步完善交易机制和市场交易方式，更好拉大峰谷价差，引导用户削峰填谷；二是积极稳妥推进电力现货市场建设。组织实施好电力现货市场试点建设，推动各类主体共同参与现货市场；三是持续完善电力辅助服务市场；四是培育多元竞争的市场主体。
目前，我国浙江、山西、山东、福建、四川、甘肃、南方(以广东起步)、蒙西等8个第一批电力现货试点地区2020年全部完成月度以上的结算试运行，2021年山西、甘肃等地区实现长周期不间断运行；辽宁、上海、江苏、安徽、河南、湖北等6个第二批电力现货试点地区正在编制市场建设方案，预计2022年6月底前启动试运行。
提升对高比例新能源适应性
“为落实碳达峰、碳中和目标，新能源将进一步大规模发展，为推动形成适合中国国情、有更强新能源消纳能力的新型电力系统，市场交易与配套机制也同样需要做出调整。”前述国家发展改革委有关负责人表示。
该负责人介绍，这一调整主要包括四方面，首先，提升电力市场对高比例新能源的适应性。引导用户侧可调负荷资源、储能、分布式能源、电动汽车等新兴市场主体参与交易，有序推动新能源参与电力市场交易。其次，要引导各地区根据实际情况建立市场化的发电容量成本回收机制。鼓励抽水蓄能、储能、虚拟电厂等调节电源的投资建设。同时，探索开展绿色电力交易。此外，健全分布式发电市场化交易机制。鼓励分布式光伏、分散式风电等主体与周边用户直接交易。
“新型电力系统的构建既是为提高现有电力系统效能而进行的革命性变革，也是为适应碳达峰碳中和目标而采取的适应性调整。电力市场适应产业转型和优化升级是全球电力系统发展的大方向，越早着手越好。” 宋向清说道。
Wu Qi, executive director of Wuxi Digital Economy Research Institute, told the reporter of Securities Daily that it is inevitable to adapt to the transformation of energy structure and the construction of a new power system to improve the market mechanism that adapts to a high proportion of new energy and to promote the participation of new energy in electricity market transactions in an orderly manner. Require.
It can attract social capital to invest in the construction of new energy projects through market-oriented benefits, and promote sustainable investment in new energy.
However, at the same time, it is necessary to further improve the pricing mechanism for auxiliary service resources such as frequency regulation and backup, and the strategy for new energy to participate in electricity market transactions.
Song Xiangqing suggested that the power markets of various provinces and cities can be coordinated, and a power security system compatible with traditional energy and new energy can be established in the early stage, and the proportion of new energy can be gradually increased in the later stage. contribution to the economy and society.
Among them, it is very important to continuously adjust the medium and long-term power trading mechanism. It is necessary to adjust measures according to the times, and timely introduce new operating mechanisms and new business models according to the changes in the proportion of new energy.
(Securities Daily)