In 2021, in the face of various risks and challenges, state-owned and central SOEs will rise to the challenge and act proactively, decisively win the three-year action of state-owned enterprise reform, strengthen technological innovation of enterprises, optimize the layout of state-owned capital, prevent and resolve major risks, and continue to grow and create new business benefits. New high, handed over a bright transcript.

At the press conference of the State Council Information Office held on the 19th, Peng Huagang, secretary-general and spokesman of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, gave a detailed explanation of the main economic data of central enterprises in 2021.

The operation of central enterprises is stable and improving, and the quality is improved in the middle

　　In 2021, central SOEs will deepen the improvement of quality and efficiency, and continue to achieve breakthroughs in stabilizing production and increasing income, reducing costs and expenses, innovation and development, and risk prevention, so as to promote stable economic operation and improve quality while fast.

"Last year, the scale efficiency of state-owned and central enterprises increased significantly, and the operating performance reached the best level in history. The operation efficiency was greatly improved, and the development quality was further improved." Peng Huagang said.

　　According to the data, in 2021, central enterprises will achieve operating income of 36.3 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19.5%; total profit of 2.4 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 30.3%; net profit of 1.8 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 29.8%, both a record. best level.

The per capita labor productivity of all employees of central enterprises reached 694,000 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.5%; the cost paid for 100 yuan of operating income was 94 yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 0.9 yuan; at the end of the year, the asset-liability ratio was 64.9%, successfully completing the control of less than 65%. Target.

　　The Chinese entered their own space station for the first time, "Tianwen No. 1" landed on Mars, "Shenhai No. 1" large gas field was put into operation, the first units of Baihetan Hydropower Station were put into operation, "Hualong No. 1" achieved commercial operation, and the Lalin section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway The official operation, the successful opening of the China-Laos Railway... A series of major scientific and technological innovations and major engineering achievements have demonstrated the outstanding role of central enterprises in the country's self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology.

In 2021, the R&D expenditure of central enterprises will be 904.59 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.1%; the investment in fixed assets (excluding real estate investment) will be 3.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.1%.

The steady growth of R&D investment and investment has laid a solid foundation for the future development of central enterprises.

　　At the same time, central enterprises consciously fulfill their political and social responsibilities.

Last year, the coal output of central enterprises exceeded 1 billion tons for the first time, and the annual power generation reached 4.95 trillion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 10.2%, providing a solid guarantee for the battle to ensure energy supply.

Market-oriented reform breaks the ice at a deeper level

　　Reform stimulates vitality and develops cohesion.

In 2021, 70% of the goals and tasks of the three-year reform of state-owned enterprises will be successfully completed, and the final sprint will be entered.

　　The layout of state-owned capital was optimized to form a new pattern.

"Two non-profits" (non-main business, non-advantageous businesses) and "two-investment" (low-efficiency assets, invalid assets) of central enterprises and local state-owned enterprises have been stripped and cleared more than 80%, and the key loss-making subsidiaries of central enterprises have reduced their losses by 83.8% in three years. %.

At the same time, the market-oriented management mechanism has taken on a new look.

The tenure system and contractual management of managers are generally implemented, with a coverage rate of more than 90%; more than 5,600 qualified enterprises have carried out medium- and long-term incentives, and more than 450,000 people have been motivated; open recruitment, competition for posts, and full-staff performance appraisal are market-oriented The employment system is generally implemented, forming a new management responsibility system under the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics.

　　Peng Huagang pointed out that in 2021, the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics and the state-owned assets supervision system will take substantial steps to become more mature and finalized, and the reform of the market-oriented operation mechanism of enterprises will break the ice on a larger scale and at a deeper level.

Strategic restructuring, professional integration, and the layout of emerging industries have effectively promoted the optimization and improvement of the state-owned capital structure, and the reform has provided a strong impetus for the high-quality development of state-owned and central enterprises.

　　Mixed ownership reform is an important way to improve the vitality of state-owned enterprises.

In 2021, central enterprises will implement more than 890 mixed-ownership reform projects through marketization, and introduce more than 380 billion yuan of social capital.

While introducing various types of social capital to carry out joint ventures and cooperation, central enterprises also start from strengthening industrial chain cooperation and cultivating and expanding new growth points, and carry out equity investment in private enterprises through market-oriented methods.

At present, there are more than 6,000 central enterprises with foreign equity participation.

　　"The mixed-ownership reform enterprises insist on promoting mixed-ownership reform, focusing on in-depth transformation of economic mechanisms, and have made positive progress in improving corporate governance, market-based selection and employment, medium and long-term incentives, and full-staff performance appraisal." Peng Huagang also emphasized that mixed ownership Changes should be classified according to the functional positioning of enterprises, and promoted in layers. Changes should be made when appropriate, so as to seek practical results, avoid confusion, and resolutely prevent the loss of state-owned assets.

　　鞍钢重组本钢，宝武重组太钢，中国电科重组中国普天，新组建成立中国星网、中国电气装备、中国物流、中国稀土集团、国家管网集团……2021年，央企重组整合迈出大步伐。“重组整合项目之多、力度之大、规模之新、效果之好前所未有，有力推动了国有资本布局结构优化，促进了行业转型升级。”彭华岗表示，今后将按照“成熟一户、推进一户”的原则，稳步推进钢铁等领域的重组整合，同时以优势企业为主体，积极推动粮食储备加工、港口码头等领域的专业化整合，切实提升资源配置效率和企业核心竞争力。

全力以赴拔硬钉子、啃硬骨头

　　2022年，中央企业提出了“两增一控三提高”的发展目标。“两增”即利润总额和净利润增速要高于国民经济增速；“一控”即资产负债率控制在65%以内；“三提高”即营业收入利润率再提高0.1个百分点、全员劳动生产率再提高5%、研发经费投入要进一步提高。

　　“2022年，中央企业要坚持把稳增长、防风险摆在更加突出的位置，掌握稳增长主动权，突出主责主业，增强效益增长的稳定性、可持续性，坚决守住不发生重大风险底线。”彭华岗认为，中央企业要坚持以改革激发市场主体活力，对照国企改革三年行动目标要求和重点任务，全力以赴拔硬钉子、啃硬骨头。

　　据悉，中央企业今年将全面聚焦三年行动重点难点进行攻坚，包括建设专业尽责、规范高效的董事会，推进三项制度改革在各层级子企业落深落实，对关键核心技术人才实行具有市场竞争力的薪酬激励制度，推动混合所有制企业深度转换经营机制等。

　　彭华岗提出，2022年中央企业要坚持强化企业创新主体地位、打造国家战略科技力量。以国家战略性需求为导向，加快打造原创技术策源地，加强行业关键技术、共性技术、前沿技术攻关，推动一批重大攻关成果示范应用，培育壮大发展新动能。

　　据透露，国务院国资委正大力推进绿色低碳技术创新，组织开展中央企业碳达峰碳中和科技创新路径研究，鼓励支持中央企业瞄准世界先进水平，加强低碳零碳负碳的重大科技攻关。

(本报记者 温源)