The river and lake chief system has been fully implemented for 5 years, and the responsibility for management and protection has been fully covered——
Guarding the "circle of friends" of rivers and lakes is getting bigger and bigger
In 2016 and 2017, the "Opinions on Comprehensively Implementing the River Chief System" and "Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Lake Chief System in Lakes" were successively issued, and the task table and roadmap for the full implementation of the river and lake chief system were determined.
In the past five years, the river and lake chief system has shown great vitality in practice, and the appearance of rivers and lakes has undergone historic changes.
Wei Shanzhong, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Water Resources, said that the practice of the past five years has fully proved that the full implementation of the river and lake chief system is fully in line with my country's national conditions and water conditions. Major institutional innovation.
Millions of rivers and lakes perform their duties
Every winter, the Mingshan Scenic Spot in Fengdu County, Chongqing will welcome red-billed gulls that live in winter.
Chen Mingwu, who is patrolling the river, admitted that this is closely related to the continuous improvement of Chongqing's water ecological environment.
Chen Mingwu is the chief river chief of Sanhe Street, Fengdu County, Chongqing and the river chief of the Sanhe section of Longhe River.
The Long River is a first-class tributary of the Yangtze River.
In the past, there were breeding farms and building materials factories along the Long River, and the river was cut off due to the densely distributed small hydropower stations in the basin.
These problems involve multiple departments, with overlapping responsibilities and fragmentation, resulting in a lack of supervision and gaps. "Nine Dragons Water Control" cannot cure a river.
The river chief system has become the "golden key" to solve the "Kowloon flood control".
Chongqing took the lead in establishing a three-level "double chief river chief" structure in the country, that is, the "top leaders" of the party and government at the city, district, county, street and town levels served as "double chief river chiefs" at the same time. Village (community) four-level river chief system.
A total of more than 17,500 river lengths are set up in grades and sections in the city, realizing the full coverage of more than 5,300 rivers and more than 3,000 reservoirs in the city.
From rivers, lakes and reservoirs to weirs, ponds and ditches, patrolling and protecting rivers has become the norm.
When patrolling the river, Peng Jian, the village-level river chief of Yongsheng Community, Yutang Street, Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province, traced the river and found that the sewage pipe was damaged and sewage was running straight.
Village-level river chiefs upload clues, town-level river chiefs track them in real time, and technicians check on the spot... The rectification plan was quickly approved.
"Grasp one level at the first level, and implement it at every level." Wei Shanzhong introduced that in the past five years, the main leaders of the party committees and governments of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have served as the provincial chief river chiefs, and the provincial, municipal, county, and township rivers have four levels. There are a total of 300,000 lake chiefs, and more than 900,000 village-level river and lake chiefs (including river patrolmen and river guards), realizing full coverage of river and lake management and protection responsibilities.
At the same time, the working mechanism has been continuously improved.
At the national level, an inter-ministerial joint meeting for the full implementation of the river and lake chief system has been established with the comrades in charge of the State Council as the convener, and systems such as the performance of duties, supervision and inspection, assessment and accountability, and positive incentives have been established and improved.
The Yangtze River and Yellow River basins have established a provincial-level joint meeting mechanism for rivers and lakes, and the seven major river basin management agencies have established a cooperation mechanism with provincial river chiefs offices. The (guardian) system, the folk river chief system, and the social co-governance mechanism have formed a strong synergy of work.
The appearance of rivers and lakes continues to improve
"The birds are back, and there are more fish." Hao Zhenying, the village-level river chief of Zhangyanyu Village, Hucun Town, Fuxing District, Handan City, Hebei Province, was very excited by the changes in the Qinhe River.
In the past, the Qinhe River was clogged with silt, cross-flowing sewage, and rubbish piled up.
As the third-level river chiefs in the district and villages started a tough battle for comprehensive management, more than 1,100 "scattered and polluted" enterprises were relocated along the Qinhe River, more than 270 illegal constructions were demolished, and the two banks of the Qinhe River were beautified and greened, and the appearance of the Qinhe River was significantly improved.
The improvement of the ecological environment of rivers and lakes benefits from the strong containment of chaos in rivers and lakes.
"The problems of frequent floods and droughts, shortage of water resources, water ecological damage, and water environment pollution in China are prominent. These new and old water problems are concentrated in rivers and lakes." Wei Shanzhong said that the river and lake chief system is based on the actual situation of different rivers and lakes in different regions. By adapting measures to local conditions, prescribing the right medicine, rectifying the chaos of rivers and lakes, managing and controlling water space in accordance with the law, strictly protecting water resources, accurately controlling water pollution, and speeding up the restoration of water ecology, a large number of outstanding problems in the management and protection of rivers and lakes have been effectively solved.
According to statistics, since the Ministry of Water Resources organized and launched the special campaign of "cleaning up the four chaos" in rivers and lakes, a total of 185,000 "four chaos" problems in rivers and lakes, such as illegal occupation, illegal mining, disorderly piles, and disorderly construction, have been cleaned up and rectified, and occupied rivers and lakes have been demolished and occupied. More than 40 million square meters of illegal construction, 30,000 kilometers of illegally occupied coastlines, more than 40 million tons of rubbish in the river, more than 10,000 kilometers of illegal embankments, and more than 11,000 illegal sand mining ships were cracked down. The "old and difficult" problems of rivers and lakes have been resolved, new major problems such as illegal construction and reclamation have been effectively curbed, and flood discharge and storage channels have been effectively restored.
Whether the ecological flow of rivers and lakes can be guaranteed is an important indicator to measure whether the ecology of rivers and lakes is good.
Yang Derui, director of the Water Resources Management Department of the Ministry of Water Resources, said that by formulating and improving ecological flow management policies, accelerating the determination of ecological flow goals, and effectively strengthening the supervision of ecological flow, the management of river and lake ecological flow has achieved "three changes": first It is to change from fragmented management to systematic promotion; the second is to change from typical pilot projects to comprehensive promotion; the third is to change from target setting to implementing comprehensive supervision on the basis of target setting.
"These works have promoted some rivers that have been dry or dry all the year round to have water, and the water surface has continued to expand. Some important lakes have been maintained above the ecological water level guarantee target all year round, and the ecological environment of the rivers and lakes has been effectively improved." Yang Derui said.
Care is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people
The management and protection of rivers is closely related to everyone, and mobilizing all social forces to participate in river management and protection is a clear requirement for the central government to fully implement the river and lake chief system.
"Starting from October 2021, the section has reached Class II water quality for many consecutive days." The water quality report card of the Liujiantan section of the Longxi River made the private river chief Tan Jun very happy.
As the general manager of Xingyu Water Conservancy and Hydropower Construction and Development Company in Dianjiang County, Chongqing, Tan Jun has set up the "Xingyu Clearing and Drifting Team", equipped with 18 clearing and drifting boats, and patrols the river at least 2 to 3 times a week. Problems have been discovered since last year75 place.
Chen Dayong, head of the River and Lake Management Department of the Ministry of Water Resources, said that non-governmental river chiefs, volunteers, and volunteer supervisors are important forces in the management and protection of rivers and lakes. "The transformation has played an important role.
According to the data reported by various places, there are currently nearly 7 million river and lake protection volunteers in various places.
Among them, there are nearly 1 million registered "green water coins" for public water protection in Zhejiang, 650,000 registered river protection volunteers in Guangdong, and nearly 150,000 volunteers in Guangxi's development. The whole society cares for rivers and lakes, cherishes them, and protects them. The atmosphere of the lake is growing.
"Media exposure has also promoted the rectification of violations involving rivers and lakes. For example, in 2020, the media exposed that a company occupied the Qinhuai River embankment to build a restaurant in the name of a landscape greening project. After the news media reported, the relevant areas acted quickly, dealt with them seriously, and drew inferences from one case to another. , which has formed a strong deterrent to the violation of laws and regulations in Shehe and Lake." Chen Dayong said.
Rivers and lakes are not only an important component of the ecological environment, but also provide necessary support for economic and social development.
It can be said that the change of the ecological environment of a river has brought huge changes to the countryside.
For example, Wei Shanzhong said that since the implementation of the river and lake long system in the Fengdu section of the Longhe River, a first-level tributary of the Yangtze River, the ecological environment quality of the Longhe River has been comprehensively improved, and at the same time, it has also concentrated its efforts to create a number of Internet celebrity attractions such as Lvchun Dam.
In 2021, a total of 50,000 tourists will be received, and the comprehensive income will be about 100 million yuan, which will drive the income of coastal residents to increase by more than 8 million yuan.
Wei Shanzhong said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Water Resources will focus on realizing the 3.0 version of the river and lake chief system that comprehensively strengthens, treats both symptoms and causes, and builds happy rivers and lakes.
On the basis of implementing the territorial responsibility for river and lake management and protection, respect the natural laws of river and lake basins, pay more attention to the integrity of rivers and the systematic nature of river basins, and strengthen river basin overall planning, regional coordination, and departmental linkages.
We will further promote the normalization and standardization of the "clearing and four chaos" in rivers and lakes, implement the plan of "one river (lake) and one policy", strictly control the water resources of rivers and lakes and water coastlines, coordinate the management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, and allow rivers and lakes to manage The awareness of protection is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Our reporter Ji Leilei