Editor's note
2021 is a milestone year in the history of the party and the country-to achieve the first centenary goal, to embark on a new journey to the second centenary goal, to calmly deal with the changes in the century and the epidemic in the century, and to build a new development pattern. New steps and high-quality development have achieved new results, achieving a good start to the "14th Five-Year Plan".
Looking back on the new picture of rural revitalization in 2021, the growth of goods imports and exports is good, the employment situation is generally stable, the general level of consumer prices is stable, a number of "specialized, special and new" enterprises continue to emerge, and the development environment for small and medium-sized enterprises is further optimized...Economy What gains have high-quality development brought to us?
Looking forward to 2022, what expectations will economic development and people's livelihood bring us?
Draw a picture of a beautiful and livable country
Guangming Daily reporter Lu Yuanzhen
【data】
This year, 160 national key counties for rural revitalization have been identified, and 14 preferential support policies have been formulated.
As of the end of September, more than 23 billion yuan of financial and social funds had been invested.
In terms of income, in the first three quarters, the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 13,726 yuan, an increase of 11.6%; the ratio of urban and rural residents’ per capita income was 2.62, which was 0.05 less than the same period last year; the income growth rate of poverty alleviated people was higher than the national rural average.
【Case】
Yanchi Village in Yuan'an County, Hubei Province used to be a well-known mining village. There was no leading industry, and the people's income depended entirely on working in the mines.
In recent years, mining area remediation, environmental management and industrial development have caused earth-shaking changes in Yanchi Village.
“This road used to be piled with waste slag in several places, which is unsafe and affects the environment. Now that the slag is cleaned up and the quilt is planted, the village has taken on a completely new look.” said Xiang Kewang, the party branch secretary of Yanchi Village.
Looking around, the open-pit slag no longer exists, and the green vegetation is lush, blending with the green mountains and green waters.
Taking into account the local climate and geographical conditions, Yanchi Village has developed various industries such as photovoltaic power generation, tea, landscape plants, vegetable and medicinal bases, rural tourism, etc., to drive the villagers out of poverty and become rich and embark on a path of green transformation.
Not only in Yanchi Village, but in various villages and towns in Yuan'an County, traditional houses are built on the hills and by the water; the toilet revolution has improved the lifestyle of villagers; in the wetland nature reserve of the Zhanghe section, a variety of wild birds gather to inhabit; The quiet and quaint ancient village Longfeng Village has become a tourist attraction... The environment is beautiful, and the way for the masses to get rich is also wider. After the county has been smoothly lifted out of poverty and hats, the pace of rural revitalization and development has moved rapidly, the living environment has improved, and the development of characteristic industries. The ecological integration of production and life makes the life of the villagers more and more harmonious and happy.
【Expert Reviews】
Dang Guoying, researcher at the Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
This year is the first year for the consolidation of the results of poverty alleviation and the effective connection of rural revitalization.
The Central Economic Work Conference emphasized to comprehensively promote rural revitalization and improve the quality of new urbanization construction.
To revitalize the countryside, you must not only focus on the countryside, you must regard the integration of urban and rural areas as the fundamental prerequisite for the revitalization of the countryside, further give play to the demonstration and leading role of cities in the countryside, and further improve the level of professionalization of the modern agricultural management system.
Urbanization attracts labor transfer, improves the labor productivity of agriculture itself, and turns farmers into professional farmers.
After the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way is achieved, it is necessary to internalize the poverty prevention mechanism through the establishment of an urban-rural integration development system and mechanism, and form a normal operating system that is guaranteed by law, led by the market, and regulated by the government.
In the future, on the one hand, it is necessary to promote the transfer of rural population to small and medium-sized cities to achieve a balance between social governance and services; on the other hand, it is also necessary to increase the income level of farmers and effectively improve the rural environment.
Employment exceeded the expected target for the whole year
Guangming Daily reporter Yao Yaqi
【data】
Since the beginning of this year, my country’s urban employment has continued to increase, and the employment situation has been generally stable.
From January to November, 12.07 million new jobs were created in cities and towns across the country, exceeding the annual target.
The surveyed unemployment rate in cities and towns across the country averaged 5.1%, which was lower than the expected target of 5.5% for the whole year.
【Case】
As 2021 comes to an end, college graduates have entered the job search period.
The number of college graduates in the 2022 class is expected to be 10.76 million, an increase of 1.67 million year-on-year; over 2 million people have registered for the national entrance examination, and the competition for popular positions is 20,000 to 1. Favored by college graduates...Factors such as high competitive pressure, mismatches in majors, and mismatch between professional concepts and social needs have become "blockers" on the way to employment for college graduates.
Wang Yu, who has already joined a company in Dongying, Shandong, was once a college graduate who was anxious about finding a job.
With the advent of the recruitment season, Shandong Dongying Human Resources and Social Security Department launched the "one thing" service for college graduates' employment, helping college graduates to accurately connect with enterprises, and each school counselor became a service commissioner.
Before Wang Yu graduated, the students had already received various employment information "gifts", including policies for attracting talents, precise job postings, job hunting and entrepreneurship subsidies, and other related policies, which precisely helped a group of college graduates to solve their employment problems.
Throughout the country, a number of recruitment activities such as online recruitment for hundreds of millions of days, recruitment by private enterprises, and online "live broadcast with posts" have been launched, effectively helping a group of college graduates find their favorite jobs.
【Expert Reviews】
Ouyang Jun, Secretary-General of the Employment Promotion Committee of the Labor Economics Association:
Since the beginning of this year, my country’s epidemic situation has been generally stable, and the economy has continued to recover steadily, helping the employment situation to remain basically stable.
However, the structural problems of employment cannot be ignored: the market’s demand for high-quality workers is gradually increasing, and some workers cannot meet the needs of the market; the manufacturing industry chain continues to upgrade, and the demand for employment has shrunk; college graduates generally have higher employment expectations , Accounted for a relatively large proportion of new job seekers, and structural employment difficulties were more obvious.
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that it is necessary to continue to do a good job in the "six stability" and "six guarantees", especially the main body of the market to ensure employment and people's livelihood.
In 2022, to ensure stable employment, we must first increase assistance to market players, continue to implement policies such as tax reduction and fee reduction, and stabilize employment.
Second, it is necessary to introduce targeted safeguards for key employment groups such as college graduates and migrant workers.
Third, we must continue to improve policy guarantees, while urging and supervising companies to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees, while providing a better environment and greater space for flexible employment groups.
Specialized and new enterprises continue to emerge
Guangming Daily reporter Liu Kun
【data】
At present, my country has cultivated more than 40,000 specialized and special new enterprises, 4,762 "little giant" enterprises, and 848 single-sport champion enterprises in the manufacturing industry.
【Case】
"The flexible gripper we developed allows the machine to grasp as precise and controllable as a'hand'." According to the relevant person in charge of a special new "little giant" company in Beijing, the company's products have been sold to 23 countries. , Used in many industries such as auto parts and medical equipment.
Since the beginning of this year, my country has launched a series of measures to create a better and better development environment for small and medium-sized enterprises, specializing in special new businesses.
In November, the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises of the State Council issued the "List of Practical Issues for "Specialized, Specialized, New and New" Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" to help solve problems for the development of specialized and new-type small and medium-sized enterprises.
At present, SMEs with specialization and special new technologies have strong innovation capabilities and sufficient development resilience.
In particular, the development of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises presents the characteristics of "5678", that is, more than 50% of the R&D investment is more than 10 million yuan, more than 60% belong to the industrial basic field, more than 70% have been in the industry for more than 10 years, and more than 80% Ranked first in the province's market segment.
【Expert Reviews】
Hou Xue, researcher of China Electronics Information Industry Development Research Institute:
Since the beginning of this year, the number of my country's specialized and new enterprises has grown rapidly.
The recent Central Economic Work Conference required to enhance the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry, initiate a number of industrial infrastructure reengineering projects, and stimulate the emergence of a large number of "specialized, special-new" enterprises.
In 2022, to do a good job in cultivating specialized and new enterprises, first of all, we must combine improving the competitiveness of the industrial chain and supply chain with the cultivation of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises.
In the weak links of the industrial chain supply chain, give priority to cultivating a group of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises to improve the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain.
Second, we must continue to increase relief efforts.
Maintain policy continuity and stability, help small and medium-sized enterprises cope with the problems caused by large fluctuations in raw materials and logistics costs, attach importance to intellectual property protection, and create a fair competition environment for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Third, it is necessary to carry out differentiated and precise cultivation services for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Support public service agencies to develop service projects for different growth stages, different types of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, specializing and new "little giant" enterprises, etc., and extensively carry out management consulting, talent training, listing counseling and other services.
In addition, financial support must be increased.
Give full play to the role of the Beijing Stock Exchange, the Science and Technology Innovation Board and other multi-level capital markets to enhance the direct financing capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises; encourage banks and other financial institutions to relax the financing restrictions on specializing, new, and "little giant" enterprises while controlling risks .
Unleash the potential of domestic demand, improve quality and expand capacity
Guangming Daily reporter Dong Bei
【data】
According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, from January to November, the total retail sales of consumer goods was 3,9955.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.7%; the national online retail sales were 1,18749 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.4%.
【Case】
At the first China International Consumer Goods Expo held in Haikou, Hainan, more than 2500 global brands gathered together and hundreds of new products were unveiled.
In the fashion life exhibition area, through AR technology, consumers can click on the screen to "try out" lipstick, eye shadow, foundation, and choose their own make-up; in the living and service consumption exhibition area, young people who "soak goji berries in a thermos cup" can Experience arteriosclerosis testing, lung function testing, fundus photography, oxygen therapy experience and other inspection items here; well-known watch groups bring personalized watch customization services, visitors can choose their favorite watch patterns online, and make a unique one on site Watch...
While perceiving the strong pulse of new consumption, we must also see that the current economic development of our country is facing the pressure of shrinking demand. We must firmly grasp the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand, continue to cultivate consumption hotspots, promote the consumption of new energy vehicles, and develop green smart appliances. Township, promote the quality and expansion of life service industries such as medical and health, elderly care, cultural tourism and sports.
【Expert Reviews】
Zhang Wei, Vice President of the Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce:
my country's economic resilience is strong, the employment situation and residents' incomes are generally stable, and the consumption demand for food, clothing, and uses continues to grow, and the trend of green and low-carbon consumption is initially emerging.
From the perspective of future development, consumption is still the main engine driving economic growth.
The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to deepen supply-side structural reforms, focusing on smoothing the domestic cycle, breaking through supply constraints, and opening up production, distribution, circulation, and consumption.
In 2022, expanding domestic demand and boosting consumption must continue to exert efforts in four aspects: First, smooth links and stable supply.
Intensify efforts to implement the strategy of expanding domestic demand, open up all links of the circulation system, stabilize supply and prices, ensure the overall stability of the market, stimulate the continuous release of the potential of domestic demand, and enhance the endogenous driving force for development.
The second is two-way force to boost confidence.
Effectively implement the tax and fee reduction policies for circulation entities, release policy dividends, stabilize the income of circulation industry practitioners, and boost the confidence of market entities and consumers.
The third is to strengthen services and optimize the environment.
Accurately provide basic public services, expand the government's public consumption expenditures, make up for the insufficient consumption of people's livelihood, stimulate consumption willingness, and release consumption potential.
The fourth is digital empowerment, accurately grasping consumer demand, formulating effective consumption promotion policies, and improving the quality of commodity supply.
From a large trading country to a powerful trading country
Guangming Daily reporter Zhang Yi
【data】
Statistics from the General Administration of Customs show that in the first 11 months of this year, my country’s total import and export value of goods trade was 35.39 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22%, exceeding the 32.16 trillion yuan level of last year and setting a new record high.
【Case】
A few days ago, the "Oriental Giant 5" freighter carrying a large-scale modular project of 3,019 tons set sail from the newly reloaded terminal of Zhangjiagang Port in Jiangsu Province, heading for countries along the "Belt and Road" route.
The freighter is loaded with the overall modular project of the UAE fine chemical plant made in China. After the project is completed, it will fully demonstrate the leading technology and advanced productivity of China's fine chemical industry chain, and further enhance my country's international competitiveness in the global chemical industry.
According to Nanjing Customs statistics, from January to November this year, Jiangsu’s foreign trade import and export value was 4.71 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.3%; imports and exports to countries along the “Belt and Road” were 1.19 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22%.
"Customs has continuously introduced relevant facilitation measures to serve enterprises, which has greatly saved our enterprises' time, manpower and financial costs." Yuan Ting, Suzhou Chunju Electric Co., Ltd. said happily.
Export certificates of origin and preferential certificates of origin are important vouchers for internationally traded goods to enjoy differentiated tariff treatment such as importers’ free trade agreements.
Exporting enterprises can reduce or exempt importing country's tariffs with the certificate of origin and enhance their competitiveness in foreign markets.
Since 2021, Nanjing Customs has actively assisted foreign trade enterprises to make full use of the preferential policies of origin, and actively integrate into the construction of the “Belt and Road”.
At present, my country's trading partners are in more than 230 countries and regions around the world, and the economic and trade ties with the world are closer.
【Expert Reviews】
Chang Ran, senior researcher of Zhixin Investment Research Institute:
Since the beginning of this year, the global new crown pneumonia epidemic has raged, and my country's foreign trade still shows strong resilience.
my country has given full play to its advantages in a good manufacturing base and a complete supply chain to effectively make up for the global supply gap. The global supply chain has become more dependent on my country, and the advantage of export supply stability has become more prominent on a global scale.
my country's daily import and export trade volume exceeds 15 billion U.S. dollars, and its foreign trade has achieved rapid growth with steady progress.
New forms and models of foreign trade, such as cross-border e-commerce import and export, and export through market procurement, maintained double-digit growth.
We are fully confident to achieve the goal and task of "quantity stability and quality improvement" throughout the year.
The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to expand high-level opening up, take multiple measures to stabilize foreign trade, ensure the stability of the industrial chain and supply chain, and increase the intensity of attracting foreign investment.
As a major trading nation, China will accelerate its march toward becoming a trading power.
Policy "red envelopes" benefit more small businesses
Guangming Daily reporter Chen Chen
【data】
On November 30, my country implemented phased tax deferral measures for small, medium and micro enterprises in the manufacturing industry for the full moon.
Data show that from November 1 to 30, manufacturing small, medium and micro enterprises deferred taxes and fees of 47.14 billion yuan.
In the first three quarters, 70% of small and micro enterprises with income from operating activities across the country did not have to pay taxes.
【Case】
"Affected by the epidemic, the chemical industry market is down this year, and the pressure on enterprise production and operation and capital flow is greater. The taxation department implemented the good policy of deferring tax payment in a timely manner. In November alone, we applied for the deferment of tax payment by small, medium and micro enterprises in the manufacturing industry. 1.07 million yuan, which greatly reduced the pressure on funds." Speaking of the tax benefit policy, Chen Jianbo, the financial officer of Sanwei Huabang Group Co., Ltd., Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, had a smile on his face.
At present, the total number of market entities in my country has exceeded 150 million, most of which are small, medium and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households.
This year, my country’s economic development is faced with three pressures: demand contraction, supply shock, and expected weakening.
Under the impact of the epidemic, changes in the past century have accelerated and the external environment has become more complex, severe and uncertain.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are facing tremendous operating pressure. In this regard, my country has issued policy "red envelopes" many times to increase assistance to enterprises through tax cuts and fee reductions, and alleviate financing difficulties and expensive financing issues, so as to help small and medium-sized enterprises recover their vitality and stabilize the economy. Inject continuous momentum for good.
【Expert Reviews】
Jiang Zhen, Associate Researcher of the Institute of Financial and Economic Strategy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
Small and medium-sized enterprises are the new force of national economic and social development. They play an important role in promoting entrepreneurship and innovation, expanding employment, and improving people's livelihood. Their development status is related to the overall situation of high-quality development.
At present, affected by the complicated domestic and foreign situation, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is facing some challenges. To varying degrees, there are problems such as poor operation, heavy burden pressure, and unstable expectations.
In the year that is about to pass, governments at all levels face conflicts, closely follow the changes in the situation, start with the outstanding difficulties faced by the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and fight the policy "combination punch", from increasing financing support, reducing taxes and fees, etc. In this regard, a supporting force has been formed and significant results have been achieved. The business conditions of small and medium-sized enterprises have gradually improved, and the market vitality has continued to increase.
In accordance with the requirements of the Central Economic Work Conference "Next year's economic work should be steady and progress while maintaining stability", in the coming year, we will continue to strengthen support for small and medium-sized enterprises, persist in comprehensively deepening reforms, and stimulate institutional dividends through institutional innovations. Optimize the business environment, stimulate the innovative vitality of small and medium-sized enterprises, and enhance the momentum for high-quality development.
Formulate more precise and effective policies to benefit enterprises, reduce the burden on small and medium-sized enterprises, and further solve the problems of the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, so that small and medium-sized enterprises have more sense of gain.
Guangming Daily (version 05 on December 25, 2021)