Seed industry revitalization has a steady start
Our reporter Qiao Jinliang
A few days ago, 3 fast-large white-feather broiler breeds passed the approval.
As a result, my country has independently cultivated white feather broiler breeds.
This is the result of more than 10 years of collaborative innovation between livestock and poultry enterprises and scientific research institutions, indicating that my country's livestock and poultry breeding has taken an important step, and it is also a major achievement for the seed industry to turn around and promote the revitalization of the seed industry this year.
Since the beginning of this year, my country's seed industry has been working hard on resource protection and utilization to speed up the development of a solid foundation; working hard on innovation and speeding up the shortcomings of the seed industry; working hard on enterprise cultivation and accelerating the growth of the main body of the industry.
At present, the revitalization of the seed industry has started steadily.
Focus on innovation
Since the beginning of this year, seed industry policy combinations have frequently appeared.
The national general survey of agricultural germplasm resources was fully carried out, a new round of genetic improvement plan for livestock and poultry was released, the Supreme People’s Court and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs signed a memorandum of cooperation on strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights in the seed industry, and the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly issued the "14th Five-Year Plan" "Modern Seed Industry Improvement Project Construction Plan", the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress reviewed the draft amendment to the Seed Law, and the newly revised national rice and corn varieties approval standards were released.
More and more financial institutions are devoting themselves to supporting seed companies.
The Agricultural Development Bank of China plans to allocate 100 billion yuan to support the seed industry within 5 years. The Agricultural Bank of China has developed a complete financial service plan to support the revitalization of the seed industry. The China Development Bank has established a special loan for science and technology finance to support biological breeding.
Qian Wenhui, chairman of the Agricultural Development Bank of China, said that the Agricultural Development Bank used investment and loan linkage to serve the revitalization of the seed industry. In the first October of this year, it invested 11 billion yuan, nearly five times more than that in the whole year of last year.
In addition, it also issued the first 3 billion themed financial bonds to support the construction of Nanfan Silicon Valley to global investors to guide more funds to invest in the seed industry.
The enthusiasm of agricultural scientific research units is high.
"The area of independent crop breeding in my country accounts for more than 95% of the area. The livestock and poultry seed industry is developing rapidly, and the proportion of localization is increasing year by year. In general, the safety of agricultural production is guaranteed, but the key core technology is still in line with the international advanced level. There is a gap, and it is urgent to strengthen original leadership." Zhang Hecheng, Party Secretary of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that not long ago, the Academy of Agricultural Sciences launched the "Strengthen Seed Technology Action", with 11 crop seed industries and 4 livestock and poultry seed industries with a total of 95 research institutes. Relying on a scientific research team, it implemented three major actions of independent innovation in the seed industry, improvement of the innovation capability of seed industry enterprises, and the construction of a technology platform for the seed industry.
This year, 24 projects and 258 million yuan of cooperation funds for science and technology enterprises have been implemented.
Various regions are racing to explore innovative seed industry subsidy policies.
“In the past, the seed industry was mainly supported by projects, and there were problems such as weak competition, insufficient innovation, and poor promotion. In recent years, we have explored major varieties of research and development and post-promotion subsidy policies, which have stimulated the vitality of the seed industry.” Chongqing Agriculture Lu Wei, director of the Rural Committee, said that in three years, 30 crops of 12 categories and 3 of 3 types of livestock and poultry were subsidized. The city has independently selected and bred more than 100 new varieties.
Protection of germplasm resources
The Seed Industry Revitalization Action Plan lists the protection of agricultural germplasm resources as the primary action.
So far, the census and collection of germplasm resources in 2,323 counties have been completed for crops. The administrative village census coverage of livestock and poultry has reached 97.6%, and the census coverage of aquatic products has exceeded 95%. The census has achieved initial results.
At present, the national crop germplasm bank was completed in September, the national livestock and poultry germplasm bank approved the project in July, and the national marine fishery biological germplasm bank was put into operation in October.
In addition, work on the upgrading and transformation of the national agricultural microbial germplasm resource bank has also begun.
The new National Crop Germplasm Resource Bank is particularly eye-catching.
According to reports, the new library has a total capacity of 1.5 million copies, and its preservation capacity ranks first in the world. It can meet the major needs of the country for the safe preservation of crop germplasm resources, identification and excavation, and cultivation of new varieties in the next 50 years.
The preservation technology meets or exceeds the standards of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, and the entire preservation process is informatized, and the seed storage life can reach up to 50 years.
Sun Haoqin, deputy director of the Seed Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that at present, the national crop germplasm resource preservation system covers 1 long-term bank, 1 duplicate bank, 10 medium-term banks and 43 germplasm nurseries.
The long-term bank is the new national bank of crop germplasm resources, which is mainly responsible for the task of long-term strategic preservation and is the core of the preservation system.
The duplicate database is built in Qinghai and is responsible for the backup and preservation tasks.
The mid-term reservoirs are distributed in 8 provinces and cities including Beijing, Heilongjiang, Henan, etc., and are responsible for external distribution and sharing, as well as the delivery of resources to the long-term and duplicate reservoirs.
Germplasm nurseries are deployed in 38 scientific research institutes and universities across the country, mainly to solve the problem of preservation of germplasm resources of asexually propagated crops such as fruit trees.
Qian Qian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that germplasm resources are the foundation of seed industry innovation.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to intensify the precise identification of germplasm resources, efficiently discover excellent genetic resources, and provide support and guarantee for realizing the revitalization of the seed industry.
Strengthen and support the excellent enterprise
Our country uses 10 billion kilograms of crops every year, 80% of which depends on the supply of enterprises; the breeding industry needs more than 600 million piglets, more than 45 million calves, 300 million lambs, 15 billion young birds, and 6 trillion aquatic fry every year. , The vast majority also come from enterprises.
From the perspective of the seed supply structure, the market share of the top ten companies in my country's rice and soybean seed sales is only about 40%, while that of corn and wheat is only about 20%. The advantages of large and medium-sized enterprises are not obvious.
Only by cultivating more dominant seed companies with their own varieties can the goal of independent and controllable seed sources be truly implemented.
As a result, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recently announced the formation of crop seed enterprises.
Tang Renjian, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that formations are classified according to "strong advantages, make up for shortcomings, and overcome problems."
Strong advantage means to support enterprises to continue to strengthen their advantages and scale up, produce more competitive products with core competitiveness, actively participate in international competition, and continuously increase market share in areas with strong competitive advantages.
To make up for the shortcomings is to support enterprises to improve the quality of provenance sources and catch up with the international advanced level as soon as possible in areas where "has been resolved", such as corn, soybeans, live pigs, and dairy cows.
To solve the problem is to support the independent research and development of enterprises for the fields that mainly rely on imports, accelerate the filling of the domestic gap, and strive to solve the problem that the source is restricted by others.
Guangdong Hengxing Group is a national agricultural leading enterprise focusing on aquatic products.
"The demand for vannamei prawns in my country exceeds 1 million pairs each year, but the current domestic independent improved species share is less than 20%, and the seed source is controlled by others. To this end, we have established a Bangpu Seed Company with four leading companies in the industry, which is the first in China. A joint breeding platform for Penaeus vannamei." said Chen Dan, Chairman of Hengxing Group. Relying on the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences and Ocean University of China, Bangpu Seed Company has a rich germplasm bank of Penaeus vannamei, and has built a family of more than 1,000.
This year, Hengxing will continue to invest 66 million yuan to build a breeding center, with a breeding scale of more than 500 families per year.
This year, the relevant departments organized and carried out the Seed Industry Supervision and Enforcement Year and the special rectification of intellectual property rights. More than 4,000 illegal cases of the seed industry have been investigated and handled nationwide.
Tang Renjian said that in the future, we will increase law enforcement and supervision, and continue to improve the level of protection in terms of system improvement, management services, and law enforcement supervision.
It is necessary to actively encourage and help seed industry enterprises to protect their rights, support enterprises to establish anti-counterfeiting and rights protection alliances, and provide fast and convenient services for enterprises to apply for new plant variety rights.
It will also study and formulate policy documents to support the development of the formation of enterprises, and take practical measures to provide key support.