Who will be the main force in ensuring energy supply in 2022?

Taking new steps and achieving new results·Financial focus丨Who will be the main force in ensuring energy supply in 2022?

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 17th.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Dai Xiaohe and Wang Quanchao

　　Since the beginning of this year, the supply and demand of coal and electricity have been tight, and some provinces and cities have imposed power rationing.

Since late October, with the release of high-quality coal production capacity, the shutdown of coal-fired power units across the country has been dynamically cleared to zero.

The recent Central Economic Work Conference proposed that the basic national conditions of coal should be established, the clean and efficient use of coal should be promoted, the capacity of new energy consumption should be increased, and the optimal combination of coal and new energy should be promoted.

Coal is still the main energy source

In the intelligent working face of Caojiatan Smart Mine, the shearer is automatically cutting coal.

Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Shao Rui

　　Unmanned trucks roar in the mine, click the mouse, push the joystick, and sit in the office to give instructions to equipment at a depth of 100 meters to conduct coal mining operations—this is the coal mining scene of the National Energy Group today.

　　my country is the world's largest producer and consumer of coal.

Among the energy reserves, coal accounts for approximately 89%, oil accounts for approximately 4%, and natural gas accounts for approximately 7%.

　　The resource endowment of "rich coal, poor oil, and less gas" determines that the energy structure is dominated by coal, and coal as the main energy source will not change for a period of time in the future.

　　As a primary product, energy is the most basic part of the economy.

"The foundation is not strong and the ground is shaking." said Xiao Xinjian, deputy director of the Energy Economics and Development Strategy Research Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission.

　　Traditional coal development and utilization have caused serious environmental pollution, and the Central Economic Work Conference called for the clean and efficient utilization of coal.

　　"It is necessary to promote intelligent mining technology in the mining process to create green and smart mines." Feng Xingzhen, chairman of Xuzhou Mining Group, said. It is necessary to adhere to the concept of "mines are not like mines, coal is not seen, and coal is not used for mining" to promote cleanliness. Mining.

　　In the utilization link, Wang Xiangxi, chairman of the National Energy Group, believes that modern coal chemical industry is an important way to promote the clean and efficient utilization of coal.

　　Entering the Ning coal-to-liquid project of the National Energy Group in Yinchuan, Ningxia, the plant area is lined with towers and pipelines. The annual output of oil products is about 4.05 million tons.

　　At present, my country’s modern coal chemical industry has formed a technical system including coal-to-gas, coal-to-liquid, and coal-to-chemical products, to overcome world-class technical problems such as large-scale coal gasification, large-scale coal-to-methanol, coal-to-liquid, and coal-to-olefins. The key technology equipment breaks the international monopoly and is at the forefront of the world coal chemical industry.

Thermal power is still power support

This is the Beijiang Power Plant of SDIC (UAV photo) taken on December 7.

Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Ran

　　According to the latest data from the National Energy Administration, from January to November, the total electricity consumption of the whole society was 7497.2 billion kWh, an increase of 11.4% year-on-year and an increase of 15.1% year-on-year.

　　"It is expected that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, my country's electricity demand will continue to grow at a relatively rapid rate." Xiao Xinjian said that coal power, as the main power source, will play a key role in ensuring supply and peaking.

　　my country's electricity supply is mainly composed of thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power.

　　From the perspective of installed capacity, data from the National Bureau of Statistics show that by the end of 2020, the country’s installed capacity for power generation is 2.2 billion kilowatts.

Among them, the installed capacity of thermal power is 1.2 billion kilowatts; the installed capacity of hydropower is 370 million kilowatts; the installed capacity of nuclear power is 49.89 million kilowatts; the installed capacity of grid-connected wind power is 280 million kilowatts; and the installed capacity of grid-connected solar power is 250 million kilowatts.

　　From the perspective of power generation, my country’s thermal power generation in the first half of the year was about 2,826.2 billion kilowatt-hours, accounting for about 73%, and it is still the most important type of power generation in my country.

The second place is hydropower, accounting for about 12.5%.

　　From the perspective of utilization hours, Sun Yaowei, chairman of the Energy Investment Professional Committee of the China Investment Association, said that the installed capacity of wind power and solar power generation is large, but due to intermittent, volatility, and randomness issues, there is a contradiction with the real-time balance of power supply and demand. The power generation accounted for a relatively low proportion.

In the 8760 hours of the year, the utilization hours of thermal power are about 5,000 to 6,000 hours, the utilization hours of wind power generation are about 2,000 hours, and photovoltaic power generation is even less.

　　"In the transformation of the energy structure, natural gas power generation is also the direction of development, but due to the lack of breakthroughs in natural gas imports and large gas turbine technology, the proportion of gas and electricity is also relatively low." He said.

　　"Currently, thermal power is still used as a baseload power source. In the future, both baseload and peak shaving will be emphasized, and eventually shift to peak shaving." Xiao Xinjian said that the future energy pattern will use wind and solar power, hydropower, and nuclear power as conventional power sources, with the joint guarantee of thermal power. electricity supply.

At the same time, the development of new storage and regulation technologies such as electrochemical energy storage will gradually become an important part of flexibility resources.

The role of new energy supplementing Taiwan is gradually showing promising prospects

This is the construction site of Putian Pinghaiwan Offshore Wind Farm Project on May 21.

Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wei Peiquan

　　The coast of the East China Sea, Rudong, Jiangsu.

154 typhoon wind turbines rotate in the wind at sea, with a total installed capacity of 480,000 kilowatts. It is currently one of the best offshore wind farms in Asia.

　　This is the early "seed" testing ground for the National Energy Group.

　　On November 20, another large-scale wind power project built by the National Energy Group, Jiangsu Dongtai Offshore Wind Farm, was officially connected to the grid for power generation with a total installed capacity of 500,000 kilowatts.

　　From the coast of the East China Sea to the roof of the world, from the northern part of the desert to the land of Lingnan, my country's wind power industry has traversed the path of "opening up the mountains and down the sea" for nearly 40 years.

　　According to the latest data from the National Energy Administration, my country's grid-connected wind power installed capacity has exceeded the 300 million kilowatt mark, 1.4 times the EU's installed capacity at the end of 2020 and 2.6 times that of the United States, ranking first in the world.

　　Qinghai Lake, on the bank of the Yellow River.

In the SPIC Gonghe Photovoltaic Industrial Park, silver-blue photovoltaic panels are shining brightly under the sun, and the photovoltaic panels are surrounded by flocks of cattle and sheep.

　　As of the end of October, my country's installed solar power generation capacity was approximately 280 million kilowatts, consistently ranking first in the world.

　　With the expansion of the installed capacity of new energy, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed to increase the capacity of new energy consumption.

　　"It is necessary to build a new power system with new energy as the main body." Zhang Xiaoqiang, executive vice chairman of the China International Economic Exchange Center, believes that my country's wind and solar resources are the most abundant in the northwest, and about 45% of power consumption is in the eastern coastal areas, resulting in the use of wind and solar power. The number of hours is low, and it is necessary to coordinate the UHV power transmission channel, build a strong smart grid, actively develop new energy + energy storage, and accelerate the construction of flexibly regulated power sources in order to solve the problem of consumption.