There have been more than 10,000 electric bicycle fires across the country this year

On the one hand, the number of electric bicycles in my country has exceeded 300 million; on the other hand, there have been more than 10,000 electric bicycle fires across the country this year.

Electric bicycles, how to increase convenience and eliminate hidden dangers

【Economy Interface】

　　"Riding a small tram to go to work is convenient and fast, and there is no traffic jam..." Nowadays, electric bicycles have become an important means of transportation for many families and are becoming more and more popular.

　　As the number of electric bicycles in our country continues to rise, some problems have also followed-charging and parking are "old difficulties", battery fires are "too scary", speeding on the sidewalk, retrograde is too dangerous...

　　From November 1st, the Beijing Municipal Public Security Traffic Management Bureau will impose vehicle detention and a fine of 1,000 yuan on the driver for illegal behaviors that still drive excessive electric bicycles on the road.

　　Why do people "love and hate" electric bicycles?

How to further improve supporting services in the future to promote the healthy and standardized development of the electric bicycle industry?

1. The chaos behind the "hot"

【Case】

Cao Liang, a Beijing citizen born in the 1990s, is a "loyal fan" of electric bicycles. He has been riding electric bicycles more than 10 years ago.

"When I was in high school, my parents bought me a small tram to make it easier for me to go to school. It accompanied me throughout my high school career." Cao Liang told reporters that he didn't understand the performance of electric bicycles at that time, just I feel "Riding effortlessly and faster than a bicycle, but the battery is not durable."

After riding for half a year, the battery with a battery life of 40 kilometers can only run about 20 kilometers.

　　After Cao Liang graduated from university in 2015, the electric bicycle once again became a means of transportation to "accompany" him to and from get off work.

　　"When I first graduated, the house I rented was about 7 kilometers away from my work. Compared with taking the subway or bus, it was more convenient to commute to get off work by electric bicycle." Cao Liang said that he had no money at the time and was in the second-hand market. I scoured an old car and found that it was "good too".

　　In May 2018, the newly revised "Safety Technical Specifications for Electric Bicycles" was released, and many cities have set a transition period for exceeding standard electric vehicles.

Beijing also implemented the "Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Administration of Non-motorized Vehicles" on November 1, 2018, setting up a three-year transition period for electric bicycles purchased before.

Cao Liang's small tram is among them, which is an over-standard vehicle.

　　“October 31 this year is the deadline. Beijing’s over-standard electric bicycles can’t be used on the roads. I simply replaced them with a'new national standard electric bicycle'. It is safer and more secure. I ride it every day and feel more at ease. I suggest You also buy one for the experience experience, it's really worth it!" Cao Liang said.

　　Like Cao Liang, a large number of citizens have "a soft spot" for electric bicycles.

Many people think that it is very convenient to ride an electric bicycle within 10 kilometers, and there is no need to worry about traffic jams. It is the "first choice" for buying vegetables and picking up children.

　　How "fire" is electric bicycle?

Let's look at a set of data first-

　　In recent years, the annual sales of electric bicycles in my country have exceeded 30 million; currently, the number of electric bicycles in the country has exceeded 300 million.

According to data released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, from January to July this year, the output of my country's electric bicycles was 20,538, a year-on-year increase of 26%.

　　However, behind the "fire", there is also chaos.

Experts say that with the rapid development of the electric bicycle industry, there are also problems such as a mixture of fish and dragons and uneven product quality. There are still a large number of electric bicycles that do not meet the standards on the market, which brings safety hazards to residents' daily lives.

　　The national supervision and spot check of electric bicycle products implemented by the State Administration for Market Regulation showed that 80 batches were spot-checked in 2019, 158 batches were spot-checked in the second quarter of 2020, and 39 batches were spot-checked in the fourth quarter of 2020. The unqualified detection rates were 28.8% and 15.1%, respectively. , 25.6%.

The main quality problems found in the spot check were concentrated on electrical installations, vehicle speed limits, water wading performance, and vehicle speed prompts.

2. "There is no place to charge, it's too worrying"

【Case】

"At present, our community has installed an electric bicycle identification system in the elevator. Once an electric bicycle is identified as entering the elevator, the elevator will issue a warning and stop working. However, due to the small size of the electric bicycle lithium battery, the system cannot identify it, and many owners still Bring the battery home to recharge." The relevant person in charge of the property in Langqinyuan District, Xicheng District, Beijing said that the property has reminded owners not to take the battery home through various methods such as posting notices.

　　In recent years, problems such as difficulty in charging and parking of electric bicycles have become prominent.

According to estimates, based on the current number of electric bicycles, the country needs at least 150 million charging sockets, but in fact there are only about 5 million.

　　Many electric bicycle owners lament: “Buying a car is easy but difficult to use, especially if there is no place to recharge. It’s too worrying.” At the same time, electric bicycles “go upstairs and enter the house” and privately pull cables to charge and other phenomena frequently occur. Electric bicycle fire accidents also tend to occur frequently.

　　According to data released by the Fire and Rescue Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management, there are about 2,000 electric vehicle fires across the country each year, and 80% of the fires are caused by charging.

　　According to Qiong Se, director of the Fire and Rescue Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management, more than 10,000 electric bicycle fires have occurred across the country this year and have caused casualties.

Many urban and rural residents are accustomed to parking and charging electric bicycles in buildings, and some are parked in public areas such as halls and stairwells. Once a fire burns, the high temperature and toxic fumes generated can quickly fill the entire space and passages, leading to evacuation , Escape is difficult, causing casualties.

　　The "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-Rise Civil Buildings" that came into effect on August 1 this year clearly prohibits parking or charging of electric bicycles in public halls, evacuation walkways, stairwells, and safety exits of high-rise civil buildings.

Encourage the establishment of centralized storage and charging places for electric bicycles in high-rise residential districts.

　　In this regard, some communities are already actively exploring the construction of outdoor charging piles.

At the beginning of June this year, Langqinyuan Community opened a batch of charging piles for electric bicycles, which were provided to owners for use at a price of 0.5 yuan per hour of charging.

　　"From the perspective of use, the current effect is not satisfactory." Ms. Zhang, the owner of a residential area in Beijing, told reporters that the public electric bicycle charging piles in the community are concentrated in one place, far away from some owners. If the car is parked at the public charging pile at night Charging, you have to walk 10 minutes early the next morning to get the car, which is a waste of time.

There are a large number of electric bicycles in the community, but the number of charging piles is limited, and owners often encounter situations where there is no free space.

Sometimes even if the charging port is free, there are often vehicles parked nearby, making it difficult to move the car and charging is still inconvenient.

　　Jia Yongfeng, an observer of the National Bicycle Standardization Technical Committee, said that while supervising and managing, all localities must do a good job of supporting electric bicycles after they go downstairs, promote the establishment of elevator battery car blocking systems, build parking sheds and install charging facilities. This is a major livelihood project.

　　"In the future, we will continue to strengthen source control and comprehensive management, promote the construction of more parking and charging places, follow up the introduction of fire safety standards for these places, promote the implementation of preferential policies for fixed charging places, and provide better protection for the public to use electric bicycles in safety regulations. . At the same time, guide the property management unit to strengthen inspections and stop illegal activities in a timely manner." Qiongse said.

3. "Full life cycle" joint supervision

【Case】

Some people ask that the speed does not exceed 25 kilometers per hour, which is a rigid indicator of the "new national standard" for electric bicycles, but why are some cars running significantly faster on the road?

"Because some car owners will modify or'unlock' their vehicles to break through speed restrictions." Takeaway rider Zhang Zhifeng said that for riders, the speed of the car is directly proportional to the delivery income. Earn a lot less money.

　　Currently, service industries such as express delivery and food delivery are highly dependent on electric bicycles.

Some takeaway riders have to deliver 30 to 50 orders per day on average and run about 100 kilometers. Electric bicycles are their "old partner".

　　Zhang Zhifeng told reporters that after modifying the motor and battery, the electric bicycle can reach a speed of 65 kilometers per hour and a battery life of about 150 kilometers.

Although some takeaway riders spend nearly 4,000 yuan on refitting, they can earn about 75 yuan more per day by riding a refitted car to deliver takeaway, and they will be able to pay back in less than two months.

　　According to another industry insider, when some consumers buy the "new national standard" electric bicycles, the shop assistants will "actively" provide them with "unlocking" services.

According to relevant regulations, when the speed exceeds 15 kilometers at the time, the car will emit a "didi" warning sound, but when the clerk plugs in the relevant equipment to perform "one-key unlock", not only will the car no longer sound the warning sound, but the speed can be Up to 40 kilometers.

　　In addition, some people also reported that some electric bicycle owners did not abide by the traffic regulations, and they often went retrograde and even caused traffic accidents.

In terms of management, there are also simple and rude, "one size fits all" phenomena in some places.

For example, the illegal parking of electric vehicles is "towed away", the fine standards are chaotic, and there are problems such as penal escrow and irregular law enforcement.

　　Yang Xinmiao, deputy director of the Transportation Research Institute of Tsinghua University, said that according to the "People's Republic of China Road Traffic Safety Law", electric bicycles are non-motor vehicles, and there are no relevant mandatory requirements in terms of driving license, scoring system, annual review, and insurance. A strong legal deterrent.

At present, the specific regulations on the sale, use, and punishment of electric bicycles in local regulations are also relatively weak.

　　Electric bicycles are related to the daily lives of the people.

　　How to promote the standardized and healthy development of the electric bicycle industry?

Experts believe that in response to the chaos of electric bicycles, relevant law enforcement regulations must be promulgated as soon as possible.

At the same time, the supervision of electric bicycles involves multiple departments such as industry and information technology, market supervision, transportation, emergency management, etc., and must be unified and coordinated to form a combined supervision force.

　　"The enforcement of laws and regulations requires the joint efforts of multiple departments, and the entire process of closed-loop supervision must be realized through information notification, joint law enforcement, case transfer, etc.," said Sun Jianping, dean of the Institute of Urban Risk Management of Tongji University.

　　In addition, Jia Yongfeng said that in accordance with the requirements of the "new national standard", vehicles should be treated in a tiered manner.

For example, serious violations of product attributes such as tampering with battery types, unauthorized increase of battery capacity, lifting of speed limits, and speed increases, shall be severely investigated and punished; for disassembling pedal riding devices, installing vehicle-shaped plastic parts, bumpers, etc. The harm caused by changing the appearance behavior is relatively inconspicuous and serious, and it must be corrected in time.

(Our reporter Liu Kunziqian)

【Link】

List of policies related to electric bicycles

　　The "E-Bike Safety Technical Specification" clearly states that electric bicycles should meet the following requirements: have the ability to ride on foot; have electric drive or electric assist function; when electric drive is running, the maximum design speed does not exceed 25km/h; fully equipped electric bicycles The mass of the bicycle is less than or equal to 55kg; the nominal voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 48V; the rated continuous output power of the motor is less than or equal to 400W.

The software and hardware of electric bicycles should have a tamper-proof design to prevent unauthorized modification or alteration of the maximum speed, power, voltage, and pedaling ability.

　　The "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of High-Rise Civil Buildings" clearly prohibits parking or charging of electric bicycles in public halls, evacuation walkways, stairwells, and safety exits of high-rise civil buildings.

Violation of the above regulations shall be ordered by the fire rescue agency to make corrections.

Those who refuse to make corrections shall be fined between RMB 2,000 and RMB 10,000 for business units and individuals, and be fined between RMB 500 and RMB 1,000 for non-business units and individuals.

　　The "Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Administration of Non-motorized Vehicles" stipulate that electric bicycles that are not included in the product catalog shall not be sold, registered, or run on the roads in Beijing.

　　The "Anhui Provincial Road Traffic Safety Management Regulations" clarify that electric bicycles should be registered, and owners should hold relevant certificates to register for non-motor vehicles at the local public security traffic management department at or above the county level, and obtain vehicle registration certificates and number plates before they can drive on the road.

　　The "Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on the Safety Management of Non-motorized Vehicles" stipulate that electric vehicles are prohibited from charging in the corridors, and offenders are fined up to 50,000 yuan.

Electric bicycle drivers and passengers should wear safety helmets.