China-Singapore Jingwei Client, September 3 (Wei Wei, intern Zhao Sihan) A-share listed bank interim report has been disclosed.
Since the issuance of the real estate loan concentration management notice last year, loans involving the real estate industry have become the highlight of the bank's semi-annual reports, especially personal housing loans that are closely related to residents.
The Sino-Singapore Jingwei client combed the bank's interim report and found that among the 40 listed banks in A shares, 11 personal housing loans accounted for more than the "red line" of real estate loan concentration supervision, and 10 real estate loans accounted for more than the upper limit.
In addition, 8 banks including China Merchants Bank and Industrial Bank exceeded the above two standards.
Data shows that as of the end of June 2021, the proportion of personal housing loans and real estate loans of most banks that exceed the standard has declined compared with the end of last year.
The industry believes that there is certain pressure for banks that exceed the standard to complete the pressure drop during the transition period, but the policy leaves a transition period of 2-4 years, and the rectification time is relatively wide.
11 banks' personal housing loans stepped on the red line
On December 31, 2020, the People’s Bank of China and the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued the “Notice on Establishing a Centralization Management System for Real Estate Loans in Banking Financial Institutions” (hereinafter referred to as the “Notice”). Types of institutions, manage the concentration of real estate loans in different stages.
According to the "Notice", the banking financial institutions are divided into five tiers: the first tier is for large Chinese banks, including 6 large state-owned commercial banks and China Development Bank; the second tier is for Chinese-funded medium-sized banks, including 12 national joint-stock banks Commercial banks, Bank of Beijing, Bank of Shanghai, Bank of Jiangsu, Agricultural Development Bank, Export-Import Bank; the third tier is small Chinese banks and non-county rural cooperative institutions, including city commercial banks, other than city commercial banks in the second tier. Private banks, large and medium-sized cities and urban rural cooperative institutions; the fourth tier is county-level rural cooperative organizations; the fifth tier is rural banks.
The upper limits of the proportion of personal housing loans for the five levels are: 32.5%, 20%, 17.5%, 12.5%, and 7.5%.
According to data from the mid-year report, in terms of the proportion of personal housing loans, 11 banks, including China Construction Bank, Postal Savings Bank, China Merchants Bank, and Industrial Bank, are still above the red line, but their proportions have all declined compared to the end of the previous year.
For example, China Construction Bank dropped from 34.73% to 33.72%, China Merchants Bank dropped from 25.35% to 24.71%, and Ruifeng Bank dropped from 22.33% to 21.39%, both at a rate of about one percentage point.
From the perspective of growth rate, the growth rate of personal housing loans of the banks that previously exceeded the standard of personal housing loans maintained single-digit growth. For example, the growth rate of personal housing loans of China Construction Bank, Postal Savings Bank, China Merchants Bank, and Industrial Bank was 4.72%. , 6.23%, 4.36% and 3.63%. Only Qilu Bank’s personal housing loans achieved double-digit growth, an increase of 16.33% over the end of the previous year.
Everbright Bank analyst Zhou Maohua pointed out to the Sino-Singapore Jingwei client that many banks are still exceeding the standard for personal mortgage loans, on the one hand due to the large historical stock; on the other hand, personal mortgage loans are still "high-quality assets" in the eyes of banks, such as high down payment Proportion, large amount, high yield, existence of collateral, low default rate, etc. At the same time, due to concerns about the loss of customers, some banks are not motivated to reduce the pressure.
16 banks have negative growth in real estate loans
If personal housing loans are still "sweet and delicious" in the eyes of banks, the situation of real estate loans is not so optimistic.
The Sino-Singapore Jingwei client comparison found that in the first half of this year, 16 A-share listed banks saw negative growth in real estate loan growth. These banks are not all "super-line" banks. Lower real estate loans.
"From the semi-annual report, it is found that personal housing loans continue to grow normally, but now there is a new trend that banks are more cautious about real estate development loans." Dong Ximiao, chief researcher of China Merchants Finance and part-time researcher of the Institute of Finance of Fudan University, told Sino-Singapore Jingwei The client pointed out.
Why did banks lose their past "enthusiasm" for loans to the real estate industry?
Zhou Maohua analyzed that in the context of stricter domestic structural real estate regulation and industry differentiation, on the one hand, banks are actively implementing the “two red lines” supervision of housing-related loans; Corporate credit is more "critical".
"Although the real estate loan has not exceeded the limit, many banks are not active in lending. Judging from the first half of the financial report, the non-performing rate of real estate loan of some banks has increased." Zhou Maohua said.
From the perspective of overall real estate loans, in accordance with regulatory requirements, the upper limits of the proportion of five grades of real estate loans are: 40%, 27.5%, 22.5%, 17.5%, and 12.5%.
The semi-annual report data shows that 10 banks including China Merchants Bank, Industrial Bank, Bank of Beijing, Bank of Zhengzhou, Qingdao Rural Commercial Bank, Bank of Chengdu, Bank of Qingdao, Bank of Xiamen, Bank of Qilu, and Ruifeng Bank still exceed the upper limit of the regulatory requirements.
Among the above-mentioned banks, with the exception of Industrial Bank, the proportion of real estate loans of other banks decreased from the end of the previous year. For example, China Merchants Bank decreased from 33.12% to 32.22%, Bank of Beijing decreased from 30.7% to 29.28%, and Bank of Chengdu decreased from 34.66%. To 29.44%.
In Dong Ximiao's view, there is a certain transition period for relevant policies, and the bank has a relatively long time for rectification, and the overall pressure is not great.
Zhou Maohua said that for banks that exceed the standard, the main treatment methods include: increasing the denominator and reducing the numerator, such as increasing credit for small and micro enterprises and other industries; reducing new housing-related credit business, encouraging customers to repay early or through asset securitization, etc. Reduce inventory, etc.
China Merchants Bank stated that it will continue to strengthen the management of real estate loan concentration in the second half of the year, promote a steady decline in the proportion of real estate loans, continue to optimize the structure of credit assets, and actively increase investment in high-quality manufacturing, green credit and other industries. It is expected that real estate loan concentration management policies The overall impact is controllable.
The Industrial Bank stated in its semi-annual report that it will actively adapt to more stringent and sophisticated real estate control policies, and steadily launch the real estate credit business in accordance with the real estate loan concentration management plan of the regulatory authorities, so as to ensure the stability of asset quality and the balance of volume and price in the real estate credit business.
Many banks say they give priority to supporting the demand for housing credit
In the first half of this year, news of tight mortgage lines and slow lending was reported in many cities.
According to the data disclosed by the banks in the first half of the year, the balance of personal housing loans has maintained a positive growth compared with the end of the previous year. Why do many lenders still feel slow in lending?
Zhou Maohua said that this phenomenon is mainly due to the tightening of domestic mortgage supervision and the overall tightening of some "over-limit" banks, especially in some hot cities; on the other hand, banks expect that mortgage quotas will be tightened and they will review the qualifications of lenders. Tighter.
Dong Ximiao pointed out that some of the loans issued by the bank in the first year were backlogs from the previous year, but only a portion of the loans that were actually issued that year. In addition, since May, some hot cities such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, and Shanghai have window guidance.
Therefore, although the growth of personal housing loans is normal, lenders feel that it is difficult to obtain loans, slow in lending, and high interest rates.
Recently, listed banks have intensively held interim performance conferences. Banks generally stated that they will strictly control the scale and proportion of real estate loans in accordance with regulatory requirements, and implement management requirements such as real estate concentration.
Guo Shibang, vice president of Ping An Bank, said: "Our two indicators are far from regulatory requirements, but this does not mean that we have the opportunity. It does not mean that many real estate loans can be launched immediately, but we must follow the regulatory requirements."
The Sino-Singapore Jingwei client found that many banks stated in their semi-annual reports that they would give priority to supporting rigid and self-housing needs.
According to the Bank of Shanghai, the bank actively implements the latest national real estate macro-control policies, combined with changes in the real estate market and regulatory policy requirements in the cities where the operating institutions are located, and
forms a differentiated regional strategy to give priority to the reasonable demand for small and medium-sized ordinary owner-occupied housing
.
The Bank of Nanjing also stated that in accordance with the management requirements of housing loan concentration, the bank maintained a steady and reasonable growth in its business scale.
In terms of quota arrangement, first-time and first-home loans are given priority to those just in need of home buyers, with a focus on supporting residents' reasonable demand for self-occupation and improved home purchases
.
"Banks themselves are willing to do personal housing loan business, especially some small and medium-sized banks, there is still a certain distance from the loan concentration requirement." Dong Ximiao suggested that the financial management department puts forward the requirements in the process of implementing the real estate loan concentration management system. It is necessary to further achieve reasonable and appropriate measures to minimize the impact on the demand for housing purchases and the rational development of housing loans to ensure the first set of housing purchases and the reasonable improvement of housing credit demand.
(Zhongxin Jingwei APP)
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