All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have successively released the average wage level and growth rate of the previous year-
The average wage of employed persons has increased steadily
What is the current average wage level in various industries and regions?
Recently, the National Bureau of Statistics released data on the average salary of employed persons in urban units in 2020. Subsequently, various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have successively released relevant local data.
The reporter combed and found that in some areas, the average annual salary of urban non-private units exceeded 100,000 yuan, and in some areas, the average annual salary of urban private units increased by more than 10%, and some industries continued to rank first in income...Facing the new crown pneumonia epidemic As a result of multiple shocks such as the impact and the deep recession of the world economy, the average wage of employed persons in urban units across the country has maintained a steady increase, and there are many bright spots in wage changes.
Look at the area:
There are differences but growth is the "main theme"
——The average annual salary of non-private units in Jiangsu exceeded 100,000 yuan for the first time, and that in Shenzhen exceeded 130,000 yuan; the average monthly salary of all-calibre units in Shanghai exceeded 10,000 yuan for the first time
Let’s look at the national average wages first-data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that in 2020 the average annual wage of non-private employees in urban non-private units nationwide is 97379 yuan, an increase of 7.6% over the previous year, and a real increase of 5.2% after deducting price factors; employment in urban private units The average annual salary of personnel was 57,727 yuan, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year, and an actual increase of 5.3% after deducting price factors.
Although the growth rate has slowed down from previous years, the average annual salary of employed persons in urban units has maintained growth.
"In the context of the impact of the epidemic and the global economic recession, China has achieved great success in fighting the epidemic, and the economy has been the first to recover. It is very difficult to achieve an increase in the average salary of urban employees." Su Hainan, a special researcher of the Chinese Society of Labor, told this reporter.
In terms of different regions, average wages in different regions show certain regional differences, but growth is still the "main theme."
In the case of urban non-private units, reporters combed through the publicly available data and found that the average annual salary in Shenzhen increased by 6.8%, reaching 137,310 yuan; Jiangsu exceeded 100,000 yuan for the first time, reaching 103,621 yuan, both of which are at a relatively high level in the country.
In the urban private sector, the annual average wage growth in Sichuan, Shanxi, Hunan and other places is outstanding, reaching double digits, 13.5%, 11.2%, and 10.5% respectively.
The average salary of employees in full-caliber urban units in Shanghai was 124,056 yuan, an average of 10,338 yuan per month, exceeding 10,000 yuan for the first time, an increase of 7.9% over the previous year.
Most of the urban private units are small and medium-sized enterprises, which have been hit hard by the epidemic. Why did the average wage continue to increase last year?
"Because the Party Central Committee and the State Council have introduced a series of policies and measures to increase support for small, medium and micro enterprises, through phased large-scale tax and fee reductions, increased targeted loans and lowered interest rates, deferred repayment of principal and interest, and issued stable job return funds, The issuance of employment subsidies and the reduction or exemption of social security fees have helped the development of small, medium and micro enterprises in relief, effectively hedging the impact of the epidemic, and ensuring a steady increase in the average salary of urban private units." said Meng Canwen, deputy director of the Population and Employment Statistics Department of the National Bureau of Statistics.
In comparison, the annual average wage growth rate of privately-owned units in urban areas across the country is slightly higher than that of non-privately-owned units.
"This shows that the average wage growth is in a good structural condition, which is conducive to narrowing the average wage gap between urban private and non-private units." Su Hainan said that as the main body of employment, private units have faster wage growth and are also conducive to employment Provide better protection.
What factors affect the average wage change?
Su Hainan introduced that the economic benefits of enterprises, price levels, minimum wage standards, and labor supply and demand relations will all play a role.
At the same time, wage growth also has rigid characteristics.
"This is because the overall level of the economy has increased within a certain period, and the people's demand for a better life is also increasing, and corresponding wage increases are needed to adapt to development changes." Su Hainan said.
Look at the industry:
Most wages have risen steadily
——The highest growth rate is nearly 20%, and the performance of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries is eye-catching
Which industries have higher income levels and faster growth rates?
Among the non-private units in cities and towns across the country, the fastest-growing average wages are mainly in industries with higher technical content——
According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, among the 19 industry categories under statistics, with the exception of accommodation and catering, the average wages of employees in other industries have increased to varying degrees.
In terms of growth rate, the three industries with the highest average annual wage growth were agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, public management, social security and social organization, and information transmission, software and information technology services, which increased by 23.4% and 10.7 respectively. % And 10.0%.
Meng Canwen analyzed that under the influence of the epidemic, new consumer demand such as online office, online education, and remote consultation continues to be strong, driving the rapid growth of average wages in the Internet and related service industries.
Institutions and institutions related to epidemic prevention and control have increased their prevention and control efforts and issued anti-epidemic subsidies to drive the rapid growth of average wages in public management, social security, and social organizations.
Affected by the increase in the price of agricultural products in 2020, especially the sharp increase in the price of live pigs, and the impact of the adjustment of the employment structure in some regions, the average wage growth rate in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is relatively high.
In terms of wage levels, the three industries with the highest average annual wages are information transmission, software and information technology services at 177,544 yuan, scientific research and technical services at 139,851 yuan, and financial services at 133,390 yuan, 1.82 times the national average. 1.44 times and 1.37 times.
In urban private units, average wages in most industries have maintained growth——
Among the 18 industry categories in the statistics, with the exception of accommodation and catering, water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, and education, the average wages of the three industries have fallen, and the rest of the industries have achieved growth.
In terms of growth rate, the three industries with the highest annual average wage growth were information transmission, software and information technology services, mining and manufacturing, which increased by 18.7%, 9.8% and 9.6% respectively.
The average wage in the education industry fell by 4.6%, the slowest growth rate. This was due to the fact that most of the private education industry is a variety of off-campus training institutions. Affected by the epidemic, the long-term suspension of classes has led to a decline in unit income.
In terms of wage levels, the three industries with the highest average annual wages are 101,281 yuan in information transmission, software and information technology services, 82,930 yuan in finance, and 72,233 yuan in scientific research and technical services, which are 1.75 times the national average. 1.44 times and 1.25 times.
On the whole, whether in urban private or non-private units, regardless of the growth rate or absolute level, the information transmission, software and information technology service industries have performed well.
In this regard, Su Hainan analyzed that industries with high technology and knowledge value currently have a more obvious driving effect on economic growth, and the country has also implemented a distribution policy oriented to increase the value of knowledge.
The information industry is a high-tech industry with high output and correspondingly high wages. It is a reflection of this trend, which is also a global development trend.
Look at the meaning:
An important basis for formulating policy standards
——Does not represent personal income, but can reflect the overall wage level of the region or industry, and play an important role in formulating or adjusting policies related to industrial development and people’s livelihood
Can the average salary represent the level of personal income?
It is understood that the average salary of employees in urban units is calculated for legal entities, excluding individual industrial and commercial households and freelancers. It reflects pre-tax wages, including personal income tax and social insurance funds withheld from individual wages by units. And housing provident fund and other personal contributions.
Therefore, the published average salary is higher than the actual salary received by the individual.
Meng Canwen also introduced that due to the different industries, regions and economic benefits of each unit, as well as the different positions of individuals, the wage levels are high or low.
In fact, wages generally present a positive skew distribution, and the average value is often higher than the average level, that is, most individual data are lower than the average value.
Therefore, to understand the wage gap and changes more accurately, it is necessary not only to look at the overall average data, but also to combine more detailed wage data by region, industry, and job for specific analysis.
So, what is the significance of publishing the statistics of average wages?
"Average salary can reflect the overall level of wages in a region or industry, and it plays an important role in understanding the development of a region or industry, formulating or adjusting industrial development, people's livelihood and other related policies." Henan Provincial Bureau of Statistics stated in the interpretation.
Specifically, the average wage can be used as an important basis for collecting and paying various social insurances and housing provident funds, formulating minimum wage standards and minimum security standards for urban and rural residents; it is used as the basic data of the compensation system; it is the government's scientific formulation of economic and social development plans And the important basis for the distribution policy; it has an important reference role for formulating tax threshold standards.
Some regions have already included the average wages in 2020. For example, Henan Province recently issued a notice clarified that according to the province’s urban non-private units (including labor dispatch) monthly average wages of 5946 yuan, the calculation of the funeral subsidy, one-off Employment subsidies, one-off work-related injury medical subsidies, and work-related injury employee care benefits.
Su Hainan suggested that in addition to the average salary, it is also possible to consider publishing data such as the high, median, and low digits of wages, so that all kinds of people in society can find the position of the salary level of the group of people.
The combination of these data will not only see the wage level and economic development trend of the entire society, but also an important reference for economic restructuring and the formulation and implementation of income distribution policies.
Reporter: Li Jie