From "repair" to "high-precision"
Our reporter Liu Jin
Looking back at the beginning of the last century, my country's industrial base was very weak.
Since the founding of New China, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, earth-shaking changes have taken place in the machinery industry from small to large, from repair to manufacturing.
Today, China's machinery industry has a complete range of products, a complete industrial system, strong market competitiveness and huge production capacity.
Husband industrialists are the foundation of the country.
The machinery industry has an extremely important position in the national economy. It is a basic and strategic industry in the national economy, the foundation of a country’s industrialization and modernization, and an important indicator of a country’s competitiveness.
After the founding of the Communist Party of China, it took industrial revitalization as an important mission.
In the process of reform and opening up, in the tempering of international competition, the machinery industry has forged ahead. After achieving ten years of sustained and rapid development at the beginning of this century, it has continued to maintain a steady development trend in recent years.
The total scale of China's machinery industry now ranks among the top in the world, and it is advancing in a large and strong direction.
The achievements have attracted worldwide attention, and new momentum is gaining momentum.
At present, the development of my country's machinery industry has entered a critical period of climbing over hurdles, enhancing core competitiveness, and upgrading and striding forward to the middle and high-end level.
The industrial system is getting better
At the beginning of the founding of New China, machinery manufacturing was mainly based on maintenance, with low manufacturing capacity and heavy reliance on imports.
In the 1960s and 1970s, although the foundation of the modern machinery industry was initially established, mechanical and electrical products were still typical materials in short supply.
After the initial results of the market-oriented reforms, and the rapid development of productivity, mechanical products gradually meet the basic needs of all aspects.
Nowadays, the equipment capacity of the machinery industry for all walks of life in the national economy has been greatly improved.
Agricultural machinery started from the maintenance of old-style agricultural machinery. Through technology introduction, independent development and technological transformation, a large number of high-level agricultural machinery has been developed. Wheeled tractors with 120 horsepower to 180 horsepower have replaced imports and sold abroad.
Metallurgical machinery can provide the technical equipment required for the entire process of modern steel enterprises.
Mining machinery has developed from only a small amount of small equipment to today, and my country has become one of the few countries in the world that can produce complete sets of large-scale open-pit mine equipment.
The product level and localization rate of power equipment continue to increase, and the main power equipment has reached the international advanced level, which not only meets domestic demand but also achieves a large number of exports.
Obvious breakthroughs have been made in large-scale oil, natural gas and petrochemical equipment. my country has mastered the world-class level of research and development technology for the 7,000-meter and below drilling rig series, and has exported them in sets.
The localization of 10 million tons of oil refining equipment has reached more than 90%, and the localization rate of million tons of ethylene, PTA and downstream equipment has reached more than 80%.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's machinery industry has produced 1.93 million large and medium-sized tractors, 59.91 million kilowatts of power generation equipment, 760,000 industrial robots (sets), and 135.89 million automobiles.
At the same time, the machinery industry has initially formed a relatively complete modern industrial system.
At present, the domestic market share of China's machinery industry in terms of value has accounted for more than 85%, and the domestic market share of domestic machinery companies has reached more than 70%.
Without a sound industrial system, there would be no industrial security in our country.
Relying on the advantages of China's local market, the machinery industry has accelerated the development of a modern industrial system while the industrial scale is growing rapidly.
The ability to innovate continues to increase
Years of development experience has shown that the market can exchange technology, but the market cannot exchange key technologies.
Independent innovation and climbing to the technological peaks of key equipment and major technical equipment have been the unremitting pursuit of my country's machinery industry for decades.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the machinery industry independently designed and manufactured 10,000-ton hydraulic presses, nine major equipment, and other major equipment that is still in play today, forming a "seven things consistent system" work experience.
After the State Council established the Leading Group for Major Technical Equipment in 1983, the development of major technical equipment has always been the top priority of the machinery industry.
Since the beginning of the new century, a batch of major technological equipment with relatively high technological content has successively achieved breakthroughs.
The performance indicators of the ultra-supercritical thermal power unit independently designed and manufactured have reached the international advanced level. The wind power equipment has been able to mass produce the world-advanced megawatt onshore wind power unit, and the third-generation nuclear power complete equipment manufacturing system represented by Hualong No. 1 and CAP1400 The localization rate of complete sets of equipment in China has reached over 85%; the automotive panel stamping lines manufactured by stamping equipment companies have ranked among the world’s advanced and exported to developed countries such as the United States; 3000-ton crawler cranes and high-pressure concrete pumps with a lift of more than 100 meters High-end equipment such as cars is among the most advanced in the world.
The machinery industry is not only for domestic needs, but also a large number of products are exported overseas.
Behind this, it is inseparable from the promotion of innovation-driven strategy and the strengthening of industry technological innovation system.
A large number of national engineering research centers, national engineering technology research centers and national engineering laboratories have been established one after another.
According to reports, by the end of 2020, more than 6000 scientific research achievements in the machinery industry have won national and industry science and technology awards, and there are 241 innovation platforms that have been listed in operation and are under preparation.
Without taking the path of innovation-driven development, the old and new kinetic energy cannot be converted smoothly.
Regarding innovation as the "niubi" that affects the overall economic and social development is the source of power for the development of my country's machinery industry.
Steady improvement in international status
According to data from Off-Highway Research, a global authoritative research organization, SANY Heavy Industry will sell 98,705 excavators in 2020, occupying 15% of the global excavator market, and winning the excavator global sales champion in one fell swoop.
This is also the first time in the history of China's excavator industry that it has topped the global sales list.
Who would have thought that at the beginning of this century, 95% of the domestic excavator market was still monopolized by foreign brands, and now the domestic excavator market share has reached more than 90%.
From the incomparable products with the world's advanced level, to competition on the same platform or even corner overtaking, after the reform and opening up, especially since the beginning of the new century, my country's machinery industry has continued to increase its production capacity, scale and strength, and its international status has steadily improved.
Many important products in the machinery industry have been produced in small quantities or unable to produce in the early days of the founding of New China, ranking first in the world and maintaining the number one position for many years.
Automobiles, cars, trucks, new energy vehicles, motorcycles, power generation equipment, power transmission and transformation equipment, transformers, motors, machine tools, CNC machine tools, etc., have made important contributions to the development of the national economy and the development of the world's machinery industry.
More and more Chinese machinery products and machinery industry enterprises have begun to go global.
In 2020, my country's exports of machinery products will reach US$467 billion, which is more than 33,000 times that of 1953.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the trade surplus of machinery products has risen rapidly, reaching US$149.4 billion by 2020.
At the same time, the awareness, ability and level of machinery industry enterprises to carry out international cooperation in production capacity and equipment manufacturing have been continuously enhanced, and they have become a powerful force in the international market competition.
Today, the achievements of China's machinery industry are exciting, but there is still a significant gap with the world's advanced level. It is necessary to face up and take effective measures to solve outstanding shortcomings.
The main person in charge of the China Machinery Industry Federation said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the machinery industry must coordinate development and safety, promote advanced industrial foundations and modernize the industrial chain; take the promotion of high-quality development as the theme, and deepen the supply-side structural reforms. Adhere to innovation-driven development as the main line; implement the strategic deployment of a manufacturing powerhouse, promote the machinery industry to achieve higher quality, more efficient, more sustainable and safer development, and provide strong equipment support for the construction of a new development pattern.
Our reporter Liu Jin