China News Service, May 19. According to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, in view of the data on the average salary of employed persons in urban units in 2020, Meng Canwen, deputy director of the Population and Employment Statistics Department of the National Bureau of Statistics, explained that the average salary of employed persons in urban units will continue in 2020. keep increasing.
In 2020, in the face of multiple severe impacts such as the new crown pneumonia epidemic and the deep recession of the world economy, various regions and departments will implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, coordinate the promotion of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and do a solid job of "six stability". , Fully implement the "six guarantees" task, orderly promote the resumption of work and production, economic growth has turned from negative to positive and accelerated quarter by quarter, ensuring a steady increase in the average salary of employed persons in urban units across the country.
1. Average wages maintained growth, and the growth rate dropped to a low level for many years
In 2020, the national average annual salary of employees in urban non-private units is 97379 yuan, an increase of 7.6% over the previous year, and the growth rate is 2.2 percentage points lower than the previous year, and the actual increase is 5.2% after deducting price factors; the average annual salary of employees in urban private units is 57,727 yuan, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year, and the growth rate was 0.4 percentage points lower than the previous year, and the actual increase was 5.3% after deducting price factors.
The growth rate of average wages of employed persons in urban non-private units was the lowest since 1984, and the growth rate of average wages of employed persons in urban private units dropped to the second lowest point since statistics in 2009.
Under the impact of the epidemic, the average annual salary of employed persons in urban units has continued to increase, reflecting the great results achieved by the Party Central Committee and the State Council in coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development.
2. Among the urban non-private units, the faster average wage growth is mainly in industries with higher technical content.
From the perspective of urban non-private units, among the 19 industry categories that are counted, the average wages of employees in other industries have increased to varying degrees, except for the accommodation and catering industries.
Among them, the average wage growth rate of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, public management, social security and social organization, information transmission, software and information technology service industries all exceeded 10%.
Under the influence of the epidemic, new consumer demand such as online office, online education, and remote consultations continues to be strong, driving the rapid increase in average wages in the Internet and related service industries. In 2020, the average wage in the information transmission, software and information technology service industries will increase by 10.0%, compared with The rate increased by 0.7 percentage points last year.
Institutions and institutions related to epidemic prevention and control have increased their prevention and control efforts and issued anti-epidemic subsidies to drive the rapid growth of average wages in public management, social security and social organizations.
Affected by the increase in the prices of agricultural products in 2020, especially the sharp increase in the price of live pigs, and the impact of the adjustment of employment structure in some areas, the average wages of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery have increased at a relatively high rate.
The high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing industries have developed well, the profits of enterprises have increased, and the average wages of employees in related industries have increased rapidly.
In 2020, the average wages in the pharmaceutical manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, and instrumentation manufacturing industries will increase by 6.9%, 8.2%, and 7.0%, respectively, which are 1.0, 2.3, and 1.1 percentage points higher than the average growth rate of the manufacturing industry.
Service industries such as transportation, catering, accommodation, and tourism have been greatly affected by the epidemic, and the average wage growth rate has fallen by a large margin.
In 2020, average wages in the transportation, storage, and postal industries will increase by 3.7%, a decrease of 6.0 percentage points from the previous year; average wages in the culture, sports, and entertainment industries will increase by 4.1%, a decrease of 5.1 percentage points.
The average wage in the accommodation and catering industry fell by 3.0%, compared with an increase of 4.3% in the previous year.
3. Average wages in most industries in urban private units maintained growth
From the perspective of urban private units, most of them are small and medium-sized enterprises, which have been hit harder by the epidemic.
However, due to the introduction of a series of policy measures by the Party Central Committee and the State Council to increase support for small, medium and micro enterprises, through phased large-scale tax cuts and fees, increased targeted loans and lowered interest rates, deferred repayment of principal and interest, and issued stable job return funds, The issuance of employment subsidies and the reduction or exemption of social security fees have helped small, medium and micro enterprises to relieve their development, effectively hedging the impact of the epidemic, and ensuring a steady increase in the average wage of urban private units.
Among the 18 industry categories in the statistics, with the exception of accommodation and catering, water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, and education, the average wages of the three industries have fallen, and the rest of the industries have achieved growth.
In 2020, the average salary growth rate of the information transmission, software and information technology service industries will be the highest, reaching 18.7%.
The average wage in the education industry fell by 4.6% because the private education industry was mostly off-campus training institutions, affected by the epidemic, and long-term suspension of classes led to a decline in unit income.
4. There are many factors affecting the change of average wages, which should be viewed rationally
Changes in the average salary of employed persons in urban units are affected by multiple factors, including economic benefits, macro policies, and changes in the personnel structure.
After the outbreak of the epidemic last year, the Party Central Committee and the State Council coordinated epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and introduced a series of measures to reduce taxes and fees, and assist enterprises to stabilize jobs. While promoting stable economic recovery, they effectively reduced the operating costs of enterprises and promoted In order to improve corporate efficiency, conditions have been created for wage growth.
At the same time, changes in average wages in some fields are also affected by changes in the personnel structure. For example, non-private units have higher wages in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, which are related to the personnel structure adjustment caused by the institutional reform of agricultural reclamation units.
In addition, the average wages of employees in urban units are calculated for legal entities, excluding individual industrial and commercial households and freelancers, and reflect pre-tax wages, including personal income tax, social insurance funds, and social insurance funds withheld from individual wages by units. Individual contributions such as housing provident fund.
Therefore, the published average salary is higher than the salary actually received by the individual.
At the same time, due to the different industries, regions and economic benefits of each unit, as well as the different positions of individuals, the wage level varies.
In fact, wages generally present a positive skew distribution, and the average value is often higher than the average level, that is, most individual data are lower than the average value.
Therefore, to understand the wage gap and changes more accurately, it is necessary not only to look at the overall average data, but also to combine more detailed wage data by region, industry, and job for specific analysis.
At the same time, we must also see the rigid characteristics of wage growth.
Facing the severe impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, wage levels in some foreign countries have also maintained a slow growth rate.
According to data from the International Labor Organization, in 2020, the average wage in the United States will increase by 6.4% over the previous year, and the average wage in Brazil will increase by 8.1%.