Chinanews Client Beijing, February 21 (Reporter Xie Yiguan) On February 21, the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalization and Accelerating the Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas", which is the No. 1 Central Document issued in 2021.
How to continue to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation?
How to advance agricultural and rural modernization?
How to implement rural construction activities?
How to deal with bad habits such as high-priced gifts?
The No. 1 Central Document in 2021 will be deployed from multiple aspects, and will give peasants benefit packages.
Data map: Chixi Village, "China's No. 1 Poverty Alleviation Village".
Photo by Liu Chao
——Realize the effective connection between the consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation achievements and rural revitalization
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the task of poverty alleviation in the new era was completed on schedule. Under the current standards, all rural poor people were lifted out of poverty, all poor counties were removed, and the relocation task of poverty alleviation and relocation was fully completed.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, how to continue to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation?
In 2021, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee proposed that after the completion of the poverty alleviation goals and tasks, a five-year transition period will be established from the date of poverty alleviation for counties that are out of poverty, so as to help them get on the horse and send them off.
Improve the dynamic monitoring and assistance mechanism for preventing return to poverty, promptly detect and provide timely assistance to the poor who are prone to return to poverty, and maintain the bottom line of preventing large-scale return to poverty.
At the same time, carry out dynamic monitoring of the rural low-income population and implement hierarchical and classified assistance.
For example, for low-income rural populations with working ability, we insist on developmental assistance to help them improve endogenous development capabilities, develop industries, participate in employment, and rely on both hands to work hard to get rich.
——Ensure the safe supply of grain, cotton, oil, sugar, meat, etc.
The No. 1 Central Document of 2021 also proposes to implement in-depth implementation of important agricultural product protection strategies, improve the responsibility system of the governor for food security and the mayor responsibility system of the "vegetable basket" to ensure the safety of grain, cotton, oil, sugar, meat and other supplies.
How to ensure supply security?
The document carried out many deployments: strengthening the construction of functional areas for grain production and protection areas for the production of important agricultural products.
Build a national food security industry belt.
Expand the scope of pilot projects for complete cost insurance and income insurance for the three major food crops of rice, wheat and corn.
Speed up the construction of a modern breeding system, protect the basic production capacity of live pigs, improve the long-term mechanism for the stable and orderly development of the live pig industry, and actively develop the cattle and sheep industry, etc.
Data map: Jilin Province is located in one of the three largest black soil regions in the world and bears the important responsibility of ensuring national food security.
Photo by Liu Dong
——Promote the industrial application of biological breeding in an orderly manner
Seeds are the foundation for agricultural modernization.
Following the Central Economic Work Conference, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee will be proposed again in 2021 to fight the battle for the seed industry.
The document clarifies that the third survey and collection of crop germplasm resources, livestock and poultry germplasm resources will be accelerated, and the construction of national crop, livestock, poultry, and marine fishery biological germplasm resources will be strengthened.
At the same time, accelerate the implementation of major scientific and technological projects in agricultural biological breeding.
Implement a new round of livestock and poultry genetic improvement plan and modern seed industry upgrading project.
Respect science, strict supervision, and orderly promote the industrial application of biological breeding.
Support leading enterprises in the seed industry to establish a sound commercial breeding system, accelerate the construction of the Southern Silicon Valley, strengthen the construction of seed production bases and improved seed breeding systems, study the research and development of major varieties and post-promotion subsidy policies, and promote the integrated development of breeding, breeding and promotion.
"Seed technology is particularly important to agriculture and has a relatively large contribution to increasing production." said Dang Guoying, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Nowadays, the monopoly of seed is relatively strong in the world, which means that the supply side has the final say in price.
China itself is a big agricultural country. The cultivation of fine seeds is a basic technology, and it should be mastered by yourself.
Data map: Autumn harvest scene of Xiaobing wheat in Zhenlai County, Jilin Province.
Photo by Pan Shengyu of China News Service
——Construction of 100 million acres of farmland to ensure harvest during drought and flood in 2021
Cultivated land is the foundation of food production.
Resolutely curb the "non-agriculturalization" of arable land and prevent the "non-grainization". In 2021, the No. 1 document of the central government proposed to resolutely maintain the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land.
Take measures to "grow teeth" and implement the most stringent farmland protection system.
"Cultivated land resources are limited and non-renewable resources. If the red line of cultivated land is broken, China's food security will be impossible to talk about. Therefore, we must emphasize the'non-agriculturalization' of cultivated land." said Wan Jianmin, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and vice president of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
The document proposes to clarify the priority of the use of arable land, the permanent basic farmland is mainly used for grain production, especially rations, and the general arable land is mainly used for the production of grain, cotton, oil, sugar, vegetables and other agricultural products and forage feed.
"Implement a new round of high-standard farmland construction plans, improve construction standards and quality, improve management and protection mechanisms, and raise construction funds through multiple channels. The central and local governments will jointly increase investment in the construction of high-standard farmland in major grain production areas, and build 100 million mu in 2021. High-standard farmland with high yield and stable yield during droughts and floods."
Data map: Tianfeng Village under the warm winter sun.
Photo by Chen Zhong
——An orderly implementation of the second round of land contract extension after the expiration of the 30-year trial
Land is the lifeblood of farmers.
In 2021, the No. 1 document of the central government proposes to adhere to the unshakable collective ownership of rural land by farmers, adhere to the unshakable basic status of household contract management, and orderly launch the second round of land contracting to extend the 30-year trial after it expires, and maintain the stability of rural land contracting relations It will remain unchanged for a long time, and the service system for land management rights transfer will be improved.
At the same time, strengthen the management of homesteads, steadily and prudently promote the reform of the rural homestead system, and explore effective ways to realize the separation of homestead ownership, qualification rights, and use rights.
Guarantee the right to land contracting, the right to use homesteads, and the right to collective income distribution for farmers who settle in cities, and study and formulate specific methods for voluntary and paid transfers in accordance with the law.
"The central government has repeatedly emphasized that the withdrawal of contracted land and homesteads should not be used as farmers to settle in cities. The policy intent has been very clear. All localities cannot and dare to impose such restrictions on farmers to settle in cities." Dang Guoying pointed out.
Data map: On May 4, 2018, Qingyang City, Gansu Province held the "Advance of Customs and Customs Youth First" collective wedding. 54 couples attended the wedding and promised to "boycott the high-priced gifts and start with me."
Photo by Chen Fei
——Increase the governance of bad practices such as high-priced gifts
In terms of rural construction and rural development, the No. 1 Central Document of 2021 also contains a lot of ink.
The document is clear that the county-level land and space planning will be basically completed in 2021, and the layout of villages will be clarified.
Actively and orderly promote the preparation of "multi-plan integration" practical village planning, and realize full coverage of village planning as soon as possible for villages with conditions and needs.
"The preparation of the village plan should be based on the existing foundation, retain the characteristics of the village, and do not engage in large-scale demolition and construction." The document emphasizes, "The rural construction is built for farmers, and it must be based on local conditions, steadily and steadily, and no wind to engage in sports. Strictly regulate village removal. In addition, they must not go against the wishes of the farmers, force them to go upstairs, do good things well, and do real things."
In recent years, high-priced betrothal events have frequently caused controversy.
The document proposes to continue to promote rural customs, promote points system, moral council, red and white council and other practices, increase high-price beauties, comparison of human sentiments, thick burial and thin support, extravagance and waste, feudal superstition and other bad practices, and promote the formation of civilized rural customs , Good family style, simple folk customs.
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