Seven things to open the door, firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar tea, this is the basic consideration of people's livelihood.

As the Spring Festival is approaching, under the influence of the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic and the extreme cold weather, how to ensure sufficient supply of people's livelihood commodities and stable prices?

How to guarantee the basic livelihood of the people in difficulty?

This newspaper selects important livelihood commodities such as grain, energy, edible oil, fruits and vegetables, and meat for analysis, and launches a series of reports on “guaranteing supply and stable prices for the people's livelihood”.

　　As the Spring Festival is approaching, every family is busy buying new year goods.

Rice flour oil is a necessity in the new year's goods. The stable supply of rice flour oil in the market is related to the vital interests of urban and rural residents, and no slippage is allowed.

Affected by the new crown pneumonia epidemic, local Chinese New Year has become the choice of many people.

How to take various measures to ensure the supply of "rice sacks" so that the people can afford food and enjoy a peaceful and peaceful Spring Festival?

Let the people buy food

　　Recently, Ms. Wu Qingling, who lives in Fengtai District, Beijing, plans to buy some food, but she does not plan to stock up too much.

This is because the food supply is abundant and the varieties are abundant. You can buy it at any time after eating. There is no need to worry about not being able to buy the food, and the food can be kept fresh.

　　"The current epidemic prevention and control is in a critical period. In addition to the strong demand for grain and oil consumption in the Spring Festival, it is particularly important to ensure the supply of grain and oil and stabilize the market. We have the foundation, conditions, ability and confidence to ensure the supply and stable operation of the domestic market. , To ensure that the people have food." said Qin Yuyun, director of the Grain Reserve Department of the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau.

　　The two major rations of rice and wheat in my country have been producing more than needed for many years. The stocks of wheat and rice and other ration varieties are at historically high levels. The central and local reserves are abundant. 36 large and medium-sized cities and volatile markets have established a considerable amount of finished grain and oil reserves. The guarantee capacity is more than 15 days.

Grain and oil processing capacity is relatively strong. At present, more than 20,000 processing enterprises included in the statistics can process 1.5 million tons of rice and 800,000 tons of wheat per day, which can fully meet the daily demand for rice and noodles of 1.4 billion people.

　　As the country's largest production and marketing area, Guangdong Province will conduct the first central-district joint food supply security emergency drill at the end of 2020, effectively testing the central-district coordination capabilities in the process of responding to food emergencies in Guangdong Province.

In recent years, my country has initially established a food emergency security system that suits its national conditions.

Up to now, there are 44,601 food emergency supply outlets, 5388 emergency processing enterprises, 3170 emergency distribution centers, 3454 emergency storage and transportation enterprises, 1072 national food market information direct reporting points, and 9,206 local food market information monitoring points across the country. .

"my country's grain emergency processing, storage and transportation, distribution, and supply network are sound, and it is fully capable of meeting the needs of grain and oil emergency market supply." Qin Yuyun said.

　　Recently, overseas epidemics have continued to spread, and local clusters of epidemics have occurred in many places in my country.

Both the central and local governments attach great importance to the supply of grain markets throughout the country, especially in key areas.

The central government requires the full implementation of the governor's responsibility system for food security, ensuring the supply of rice, flour and oil in the market during the Spring Festival, and strengthening the livelihood of the masses during the New Year.

All localities and departments cooperate closely and flexibly use the policy "toolbox" to ensure that the supply of grain and oil is not out of stock and kept on file.

Make food for the needy people affordable

　　Since last year, food prices have risen to varying degrees, and rice and wheat have risen slightly.

At the end of December 2020, the purchase price of early indica rice rose by 10% year-on-year, the price of japonica rice in the south rose by 20%, the price of japonica rice in the north was basically stable, and the price of wheat rose by about 3%.

"The tight supply and demand in the corn market, combined with capital speculation, has driven the price of rations to rise." said Wang Xiaohui, chief analyst of the National Grain and Oil Information Center.

　　The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the work of guaranteeing the lives of the people in difficulties during the "Two Festivals" period, and require the timely activation of a linkage mechanism between social assistance and guarantee standards and price increases to ensure that the basic living standards of the needy people are not reduced due to price increases, and to ensure that the elderly in need, Orphans, left-behind women and children, vagrants and beggars without a living, the disabled, mental patients and other groups with special difficulties have food, warm clothing, and shelter from the cold.

The relevant person in charge of the State Bureau of Grain and Material Reserves stated that it is necessary to ensure a stable supply of grain and oil during the Spring Festival, pay close attention to key populations in key areas, and ensure the supply of rations for the needy and low-income groups.

　　In response to the continuous increase in the prices of rice and wheat, relevant state departments continue to put in policy-oriented rice and wheat to cool the food market.

In January 2021, the state will put 4 million tons of policy wheat, 600,000 tons of early indica rice, and 1 million tons of mid-late indica rice every week.

In order to stabilize the policy-oriented wheat price, the National Grain Trading Center has adopted measures such as increasing trading margin, prepayment, shortening the payment period, and restricting the minimum out-of-warehouse rate to curb speculation, and the regulatory effect is obvious.

On January 27, 1.52 million tons of wheat were placed in Hebei, Jiangsu and other places. The actual transaction was 1.28 million tons, with a transaction rate of 84%. The average transaction price was 2,397 yuan per ton, which was 48 yuan lower than the average transaction price last week.

　　Qin Yuyun said that during the Spring Festival, it is necessary to strengthen market monitoring, closely follow grain and oil market supply and price changes, strengthen monitoring of key regions, key varieties, and key time periods, and early detect and properly resolve signs, tendencies, and potential problems, and enhance control capabilities .

Intensify the supervision and inspection of key links in grain and oil processing, wholesale, and retail, severely investigate and deal with various violations of laws and regulations, and crack down on phenomena such as hoarding and price hikes to ensure the orderly operation of the market.

Let farmers have good profits from selling grain

　　Dai Junming, a large grain grower in Shanbei Village, Heshang Town, Chongren County, Jiangxi, will plant more than 300 mu of rice in 2020, with an average yield of about 1,000 jin per mu. The prices of early and late indica rice are higher than in previous years.

In addition to keeping enough food for the whole family, he sold all the rice.

　　Rising grain prices will help increase farmers' income from growing grain.

Bian Shujun, a villager in Pingan Village, Changting Town, Hailin City, Heilongjiang, planted more than 210 mu of corn in 2020, with an average yield of more than 1,300 catties per mu. Due to the sharp increase in corn prices, the planting income per mu has doubled compared with previous years.

　　Since the autumn grain market in 2020, the price is high, the market is good, farmers have been selling grain enthusiastically, and the purchase has been progressing generally smoothly.

As the Spring Festival approaches, the progress of grain purchases has slowed down recently.

As of January 25, the integrated enterprises in the main producing areas had purchased a total of 127.42 million tons of autumn grain, a decrease of 520,000 tons year-on-year; among them, mid-late indica rice and japonica rice purchased 25.13 million tons and 31.4 million tons respectively.

　　Qin Yuyun said that this year's autumn grain purchase progress is at a normal level. The mid-to-late rice peak season purchases in the southern region have basically entered the final stage and will soon come to a successful conclusion; the northeast region japonica rice peak season purchases will end at the end of February, and the purchase volume before the Spring Festival is also decreasing. It is expected that after the Spring Festival There will be some more.

　　The lowest purchase price is a policy of benefiting and benefiting agriculture implemented by the state to ensure the interests of grain farmers.

According to the monitoring of the State Bureau of Grain and Material Reserves, the current average purchase price of mid-late indica and japonica rice is 1.42 yuan per catty, which is higher than the minimum purchase price in most provinces.

Heilongjiang Province is the only main producing area that has initiated the purchase of rice at the lowest purchase price. It has acquired 3.06 million tons of rice at the lowest purchase price, mainly in the eastern regions such as Jiansanjiang, Heilongjiang. The local production is large, the commodity is large, the transportation distance is long, and the price is average. relatively low.

　　The end of the year and before the holiday is usually the peak period of grain sales, but since last year, there has been no obvious peak in the purchase of autumn grain.

"This is because in recent years, during the in-depth reform of the grain purchasing and storage system, grain storage conditions have been continuously improved, and farmers' market awareness has gradually increased. More and more farmers are not eager to sell grain, but choose to sell according to the market situation. Perennial grain sales are gradually becoming the norm." Qin Yuyun said.

(Economic Daily reporter Liu Hui)