Chinanews client, Beijing, January 22 (Reporter Zhang Xu) "80% full in 8 minutes" and "1000 kilometers of cruising range"... Recently, the power battery technology announced by GAC Aeon has ignited the new energy vehicle market, but then It has attracted many questions.
Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said in a public speech: “If someone tells you that this car can run 1,000 kilometers, it can be fully charged in a few minutes, it is safe, and the cost is very low. In terms of current technology, he It must be a liar."
With a battery life of 1,000 kilometers, GAC’s "sacred car" is coming?
The mileage anxiety of electric vehicles has always been a major pain point for consumers.
Therefore, when GAC Ion recently released a brand-new power battery technology poster that immediately caused heated discussions in the industry.
The poster shows that its models equipped with graphene-based super fast rechargeable batteries can charge up to 80% in 8 minutes, and NEDC has a range of 1,000 kilometers.
On the 16th, Party Secretary and Chairman Zeng Qinghong of Guangzhou Automobile Group Co., Ltd. revealed at the China Electric Vehicles Association Forum that GAC's graphene-based super fast rechargeable battery has now entered the real-vehicle testing stage and is tentatively scheduled for mass production in September this year.
The picture comes from the GAC E'an official account.
As soon as the news came out, GAC Group’s A-shares rose by the intraday daily limit, and new energy vehicle concept stocks and graphene concept stocks also rose.
Is the super long battery life and super fast charging "magic car" coming?
However, after GAC announced its technical roadmap, it attracted doubts from all sides.
On the 16th, Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and vice chairman of the China Electric Vehicles Association of 100, said: “If someone says that his car can run 1,000 kilometers and can be fully charged in a few minutes, it’s also extremely safe and costly. It’s extremely low, so don’t believe it, because it’s impossible at the moment."
"We have to balance the conflicting performance indicators of energy, life, fast charge, safety, cost, etc. Recently, many press conferences have talked about battery innovation. This is a normal business operation. Of course, it cannot be excessive. Excessiveness becomes hype. "Ouyang Minggao said.
In response to this, Gu Huinan, general manager of GAC Aian New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. responded, "It is theoretically possible to fill 1,000 kilometers in 8 minutes."
He said that the problem of charging piles needs to be solved in the follow-up, which requires a higher layout cost. “Technical issues and issues of promotion and operation cannot be confused.”
GAC Group’s announcement on battery technology.
GAC Group also issued an announcement stating that graphene-based super fast rechargeable batteries and long-life silicon anode batteries are two different technologies, which solve the different pain points of the two power battery applications: "slow charging speed" and "short range". , Rather than taking into account both characteristics on one battery.
How far is the "sacred car" from us?
In fact, 1,000 kilometers of battery life is becoming a hot spot in the industry.
In November 2020, Tesla CEO Musk said at the European Battery Conference that Tesla is developing a battery with a range of 621 miles (about 1,000 kilometers).
Entering 2021, domestic manufacturers have also made arrangements.
On January 9, NIO announced the new model ET7. According to reports, the ET7 with a 150kWh battery can have a cruising range of 1,000 kilometers.
Qin Lihong, co-founder and president of Weilai, said that the 150kWh battery uses the latest solid-state battery technology, and the energy density can reach 360Wh/kg through the technical route of solid-liquid electrolyte.
Such a large technological leap is exciting. However, according to the roadmap, ET7 will not be delivered until the first quarter of 2022 at the earliest, and the 150kWh battery that can enable ET7 to achieve 1,000 kilometers of battery life will not be expected to be delivered until the fourth quarter of 2022.
NIO introduced its battery technology.
Picture from Weibo
A few days later, on January 13, the new brand Zhiji Automobile, a joint venture between SAIC and Ali, held a press conference to announce that the patented "silicon-doped lithium supplement" battery shared with CATL has a maximum cruising range of 1,000 kilometers.
And the production version will accept reservations in April 2021, and it is expected to be available at the end of this year.
At present, pure electric vehicles mainly rely on two methods to solve the problem of endurance anxiety: increasing battery capacity and increasing charging speed.
The mid-level and above pure electric vehicles launched in 2020 generally have a cruising range of over 600 kilometers; in terms of charging speed, Tesla's V3 super charging station has achieved a large-scale layout in mainland China in 2020, and can achieve a maximum supplement of 250 kilometers in 15 minutes Battery life.
Although this kind of data has made great progress compared with the previous one, it is far from GAC Ian's "1000 kilometers of battery life in 8 minutes".
Some insiders pointed out that it is not realistic to charge a battery with a battery life of 1,000 kilometers to 80% in 8 minutes, which means that every few charging piles have to build a substation.
Industry: Short-term mass production of graphene batteries is unlikely
Among the car companies that are currently proposing to impact 1,000 kilometers of battery life, the several technical routes proposed are solid-state batteries, graphene-based batteries, and "silicon-doped lithium supplement" batteries.
Solid-state batteries are considered to be the most innovative technical route, which can achieve substantial improvements in energy density, durability, and safety, but it will be difficult to commercialize them within 5 years.
"Silicon-doped lithium supplement" battery is only an optimization of existing technology, not a replacement of materials.
The picture comes from the PPT of Ouyang Minggao's speech at the 2021 Electric Vehicles Forum.
Regarding the graphene battery mentioned by GAC, Zhang Xiang, an automotive analyst, said: “At present, there are two main directions for integrating graphene into the battery industry, one is as a conductive additive, and the other is as a negative electrode material. If the power battery uses graphene as The main material of the negative electrode, the cost of electric vehicles will be very high. If used as an additive, although the cost can be accepted, it will not greatly improve the battery."
Zhang Xiang told a reporter from Chinanews.com, “Graphene batteries are currently only in the laboratory stage, and the technology is not mature. Generally, new battery technologies will first be applied to 3C products, home appliances, and then to automobiles, so graphene batteries Application to mass-produced vehicles is facing many tests. Therefore, the possibility of mass-production in the short term is not very large, and it is more that companies take the opportunity to speculate."
Insiders said that the difficulty is not long battery life, but to maintain a balance between multiple indicators.
In the absence of revolutionary innovation in technology, the more batteries the higher the battery life, but the higher the weight of the car body, the energy efficiency will be reduced, and the cost will be too high.
Shen Hui, the founder of Weimar Motors, is also not optimistic about ultra-long endurance electric vehicles.
"Although some car companies have proposed electric vehicles with a battery life of 1,000 kilometers, the delivery time is two to three years later, which is of little significance. Perhaps two years later, charging piles will be able to cover more comprehensively, so a large number of 1,000 kilometers of battery life Driving on the roads of electric vehicles would be a huge waste of resources."
How to solve the "mileage anxiety" of electric vehicles?
On January 13, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers announced data showing that in 2020, China's new energy vehicle production and sales were 1.366 million and 1.367 million, an increase of 7.5% and 10.9% year-on-year.
Among them, the sales of pure electric passenger vehicles exceeded 1 million for the first time.
On the one hand, people's growing enthusiasm for buying, on the other hand, is the real anxiety about battery life.
In the electric vehicle market, the problems of "virtual mileage mark" and "winter battery life discount" need to be resolved.
Data map: New energy vehicle production line.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Zhang Bin
According to media reports, the owner of the Xiaopeng P7 parked in the open-air parking lot and lost 15 kilometers of cruising range in one night; while the BYD owner was driving on the streets of Beijing, the battery power dropped from 9% to 0 and had to drag the car back to the company... …
In this regard, Ouyang Minggao suggested improving the winter endurance of electric vehicles from three aspects: optimization of battery thermal management system efficiency, comprehensive utilization of power system energy for winter conditions, battery insertion gun insulation and pulse heating in charging scenarios.
The driver of Beijing Didi, Master Han, drove BYD E5. He told reporters: “The battery power loss is indeed faster than usual in winter. Once I calculated that the battery life was enough to drive to the charging station, but it turned out to be halfway through. I can drive for 9 hours. , I usually charge for 8 hours in winter to prevent this from happening again."
Master Han said that even if it is not winter, the actual endurance of the electric car he drives is about 100 kilometers less than the marked endurance range. He believes that the "false endurance standard" is a common problem in the industry.
The current cruising range of electric vehicles on the market is based on NEDC operating conditions, which is a test standard developed in Europe in the 1970s for fuel vehicles.
Compared with the true cruising range, it will be 10%-15% higher.
In this regard, Dong Yang, the former executive vice president of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, wrote an article calling for all pure electric vehicle manufacturers to use WLTC operating conditions or Chinese operating conditions when marking the cruising range.
Not only should the maximum cruising range be marked, but also the cruising range under the conditions of turning on the air conditioner in summer and warming in winter.
"It is recommended that the relevant government departments strengthen the approval of this aspect when the pure electric vehicle market enters."
The picture shows a pure electric car is demonstrating the replacement of the battery.
Photo by Luo Yunfei
Other industry experts believe that the current car companies are using 1,000 kilometers of battery life as a selling point because charging is not convenient enough.
Qin Lihong, co-founder of NIO, pointed out: “Last year the State Council clearly proposed charging and swapping facilities and power station swapping as the new infrastructure of the '14th Five-Year Plan', but there is no clear method for implementation in various places. How to apply for approval? How to apply for approval for charging piles? What should I do if the property does not cooperate?"
Qin Lihong believes that if every consumer can install a home charger in his parking space, the experience of charging electric vehicles will exceed the experience of refueling fuel vehicles, and the popularity of electric vehicles will not be far away.
By then, no one will "hype" the mileage.
(Finish)