The Central Economic Work Conference put forward the strategy of insisting on expanding domestic demand.
We must carefully study and grasp the importance and basic requirements of the "comprehensive problem" of expanding domestic demand.
Persisting in expanding domestic demand is to give full play to the fundamental role of consumption in reproduction.
Marx's theory of social reproduction points out that the process of social reproduction includes four links: production, distribution, exchange, and consumption.
Although consumption is at the end of reproduction, social reproduction can only run smoothly if the products and services provided smoothly enter the consumption link.
It can be seen that consumption is not only determined by production, but also reacts to production, and is in a fundamental position in social reproduction.
The strategy of expanding domestic demand focuses on demand-side reforms, and the strategic basis is to expand domestic demand.
Therefore, to twist the supply-side structural reforms, and at the same time pay attention to demand-side management, work from both ends of supply and demand to fully tap the potential of my country's super-large-scale market, which will help promote the smooth progress of social reproduction and improve the overall efficiency of the national economic system. .
Persisting in expanding domestic demand is an active choice to address the complex and severe external environment.
In recent years, international unilateralism and trade protectionism have risen, globalization has encountered a countercurrent, and the world situation has become more uncertain.
Facing the complex and ever-changing external environment, promoting economic development from mainly relying on external demand and export-driven to relying mainly on domestic demand is a positive act to hedge against the downward pressure of the world economy, and it is also an important manifestation and foundation of "concentrating our efforts to do our own business". Claim.
Today, my country has become the world's second largest consumer market. Therefore, by holding on to the "bull nose" of expanding domestic demand and stabilizing the economic fundamentals, it can enhance the ability to cope with the challenges of instability risks and effectively avoid the situation where the national economic cycle is restricted by others.
Persisting in expanding domestic demand is an inevitable requirement for actively building a new development pattern.
Domestic demand includes domestic consumption demand and investment demand.
On the one hand, my country has a population of more than 1.4 billion people and a labor force of 900 million, and its market size ranks among the world’s forefront; on the other hand, my country is in a stage of rapid development of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, which drives investment demand. Still obvious.
The formation of a strong domestic market is an important support for building a new development pattern. Adhering to the strategy of expanding domestic demand is to fully stimulate my country's super-large market advantages and domestic demand potential.
Persisting in expanding domestic demand is an important manifestation of implementing the people-centered development thinking.
The main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced and inadequate development, which also provides a realistic basis for the overall promotion and expansion of consumption.
To give full play to the fundamental role of consumption, it is necessary to speed up the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, use effective demand-side management to complement the main line of supply-side structural reform, introduce more innovations related to people’s livelihood, and improve the quality and level of product and service supply. Make development achievements benefit all the people better, and strive to enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Persisting in expanding domestic demand is a systematic and comprehensive project that requires the joint efforts of multiple parties.
Expansion of domestic demand involves both sides of supply and demand, consumption and investment, so to do this "comprehensive problem" requires multiple measures.
One is to promote high-quality development.
It is necessary to combine the expansion of domestic consumption with the improvement of the people's quality of life, improve the quality of product and service supply, and continuously meet the people's needs for a better life.
The second is to increase residents' income.
The most fundamental thing to expand consumption is to promote employment. It is necessary to continuously consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, strive to expand the middle-income group, let residents' income grow steadily, enhance residents' consumption confidence, and consolidate the consumption foundation.
The third is to improve the social security system.
Expanding domestic demand is the starting point to meet the needs of the people. Therefore, we must adhere to the people's livelihood issue, focus on strengthening the inclusive, basic, and comprehensive people's livelihood construction, improve the basic public service system, speed up the shortcomings of people's livelihood, and increase residents' income It is expected to solve the worries of consumption.
The fourth is to cultivate new consumption patterns.
It is necessary to accelerate the cultivation of new types of consumption such as tourism consumption, education consumption, digital consumption, and online consumption, and promote consumption upgrading.
Fifth, play the key role of investment.
my country’s investment demand potential is still strong. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to optimize the business environment, stimulate the investment vitality of the whole society, give play to the role of investment in driving the economy, and promote the development of new business formats, new infrastructure and new technologies to add impetus to my country’s economic development.
(Wang Suoming, Professor of School of Marxism, Nanjing University)