Constructing a modern vocational education system that integrates vertically and horizontally

Seventy percent of new employees in emerging industries come from vocational schools

　　Our reporter Yu Zhongning

　　When the Ministry of Education recently held a press conference to introduce the reform and development of vocational education during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education introduced that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country has trained a large number of technical and technical talents to support economic and social development.

In fields such as modern manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, and modern service industries, more than 70% of new frontline employees are graduates from vocational colleges.

　　In January 2019, the State Council issued the "National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan", which stated: "Vocational education and general education are two different types of education and have the same important status." Chen Ziji, Director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, introduced , "During the '13th Five-Year Plan' period, the biggest breakthrough is to build a modern vocational education system that integrates vertically and horizontally."

　　Chen Ziji introduced that in serving the national strategy, vocational schools across the country have opened more than 1,200 majors and more than 100,000 majors, which basically cover all fields of the national economy, and cultivate about 10 million high-quality technical and skilled personnel every year.

In fields such as modern manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, and modern service industries, more than 70% of new frontline employees are graduates from vocational colleges, and the social recognition of vocational education has increased significantly.

Formulate and implement the "Manufacturing Talent Development Planning Guide (2016-2020)" to accelerate the training of talents in short supply in the manufacturing industry.

　　In terms of service area development, implement the East-West Cooperation Action Plan for Vocational Education, promote the three major actions of “full coverage of East-West vocational college collaboration, East-West secondary vocational school enrollment collaboration, and full participation of vocational colleges in East-West labor cooperation”, and accumulatively invested funds and equipment for assistance More than 1.8 billion yuan.

In terms of serving poverty alleviation, more than 70% of students in vocational colleges come from rural areas, and thousands of families have realized their dream of having the first generation of college students through vocational education.

"One vocational education, one job, one family out of poverty" has become the fastest way to stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty.

In terms of promoting educational equity, vocational vocational education and bursaries cover more than 90% and 40% of students, respectively, and higher vocational scholarships and bursaries cover nearly 30% and more than 25% of students.

It took three years to expand the enrollment of 3 million people, serve the "six stability" and "six guarantees", and kicked out the "one step" in the popularization of higher education in China.

　　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the integration of production and education and school-enterprise cooperation have become the basic school-running model of vocational education.

　　Ma Xiaoming, vice president of Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College, said that over the years, Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College has been vigorously promoting the integration of professional groups and industries, including establishing special industry colleges with leading companies to achieve dual education. "We cooperated with Huawei and established The talent training model of "class certificate symbiosis and co-growth" combines enterprise training and certification for on-duty engineers with higher vocational education, and solves the problem of vocational education and industry enterprise development being disconnected, education standards lagging enterprise standards, and teaching content lagging behind technological development problem".

　　Through school-enterprise cooperation, Shenzhen Polytechnic has formed an open education and teaching standard system that can keep up with technological development.

Ma Xiaoming said, “Students have both student status during school, and at the same time through in-depth practice in the company, they have engineering experience and certified engineer status. For companies, it reduces the time cost and capital cost of post-employment training for students. And other issues."

　　Deng Yunfeng, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the Department of Education of Shandong Province, shared Shandong's first experience in exploring the establishment of a "vocational college entrance examination" system.

When talking about how to solve the problem of "vocational education can only recruit low-scoring students", Deng Yunfeng said that many students in Shandong who exceed the admission line of ordinary high schools and ordinary undergraduates choose vocational schools. Vocational education allows students to find employment. Greater advantage.

　　Deng Yunfeng said, “In the past, the development of vocational education was not taken seriously. To a large extent, there was a'ceiling' for development, and it ended in higher vocational education. Now the Ministry of Education has vigorously promoted and steadily developed vocational education undergraduates, and established the establishment of secondary vocational education Vocational and undergraduate training systems that link up with vocational education, including the path of professional masters and professional doctors in the next step, have greatly enhanced the attractiveness of vocational education."