Restore production capacity, prevent overheating, and strive to reduce fluctuations in the "pig cycle"

　　Xinhua News Agency, Changsha, September 30 -

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhou Mian, Ye Jing, Zhou Kai

　　If there are fewer pigs, the price of pigs will rise. The price increase will attract more people to raise pigs. Raising more pigs will cause the price of pigs to fall. This is repeated, commonly known as the "pig cycle".

In the past, due to the low level of large-scale pig farming in my country, the entry threshold was too low, resulting in a "pig cycle" every two or three years.

　　After reshuffling, a modern farming model of specialization, technology and environmental protection brought about by large-scale farms is taking shape.

Industry insiders believe that this will help level the "pig cycle" and stabilize the "vegetable basket" of the people.

The minimum investment is "8 digits" and the proportion of large-scale breeding has increased

　　"The general-scale pig farms we design now start with a construction cost of 60 million yuan, and there are many farms with an investment of over 100 million yuan. Since the beginning of this year, there have been so many large-scale pig farms that we can't do our design. "Liu Pingyun, dean of the Central South Branch of Nanjing Design Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, told reporters.

　　According to Liu Manqiu, chairman of Hunan Xinguangan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., from September last year to August this year, they invested a total of 800 million yuan to build six new pig farms, which is equivalent to the sum of the previous ten years.

"These are high-input, large-scale pig farms. Whether it is disease prevention capabilities or meeting environmental protection requirements, they are incomparable to traditional pig farms." Liu Manqiu said.

　　The reporter saw the Dekang Group pig farm in Mishi Village, Taihe Town, Hechuan District, Chongqing City. Not only are the pig houses equipped with intelligent equipment such as temperature control, voice control, and video surveillance, but also robots are "patrolling."

Through intelligent audio and video devices, data such as pig feeding, weight, disease, and exercise intensity can be obtained to improve management and feeding efficiency.

According to Wang Xian, general manager of Hechuan Dekang Company, these high-tech equipment, which has invested heavily in investment, are not fancy, they can effectively increase production capacity and prevent epidemics.

　　According to Wu Shenshu, director of the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Hunan Province, in the first half of this year, Hunan Province plans to build 478 pig farms with more than 10,000 heads, and the total investment for the year is expected to reach 26 billion yuan.

By then, the proportion of large-scale farms with more than 500 heads in Hunan Province will increase from 51% to more than 70%.

Industry transformation "high and big" will help level the "pig cycle"

　　It is an image description of farmers in the past "pig cycle" without relying on professionalism and experience alone.

But now, with the continuous acceleration of large-scale pig breeding, the industry has undergone profound changes. A modern breeding model integrating specialization, technology and environmental protection has taken shape, which will help flatten the "pig cycle".

　　Newly-built pig farms need more and more professionals to manage.

At the Tianxin original pig farm in Guiyang County, Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, more than one-third of all 40 employees are "post-90s" and "post-00s" graduates of majors.

Peng Yinglin, secretary general of the Hunan Pig Breeding Association, introduced that since last year, many large-scale breeding companies in Hunan have offered high salaries of 5,000 to 6,000 yuan to fresh junior college graduates in related majors. Foreign companies snatched away in advance.

　　Last year, the "National Pig Big Data Center" officially settled in Rongchang District, Chongqing.

Qin Youping, deputy director of the center, introduced that Rongchang District will accelerate the digitalization of the pig industry around "easy to raise, easy to manage, easy to sell, and easy to treat", and build a digital resource and standard system such as precision pig feeding, administrative supervision, market transactions, and veterinary medicine services.

　　In 2017, five companies in Hunan Province, including Xinwufeng, Tianxin, Jiahe, Tangrenshen, and Xinguangan, jointly invested 50 million yuan to form "Xiangzhu Science and Technology" to jointly develop foreign commercial pig breeds represented by Duroc Breeding.

Wan Qijian, chairman of Hunan Tianxin Seed Industry Co., Ltd., said: "This will not only break the cycle of introduction-degeneration-introduction of foreign commercial pigs, but also speed up the transformation of scientific research results in the field of pig breeding in my country."

　　Walking into Guoyan Village, Qiantang Town, Hechuan District, Chongqing City, Chongqing Xiyangchun Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. has 530 acres of lush citrus trees and a modern pig house in the middle of the orchard.

The manure produced by pigs is separated from dry and wet, and biogas is fermented into organic fertilizer, which is transported to the orchard through the intelligent water and fertilizer dropper system.

This "pig-methane-fruit" planting and raising cycle model not only solves the pollution problem of large-scale breeding, but also extends the pig industry chain and increases the added value.

　　"In the past, in addition to the entry and exit of retail households, various complicated diseases and strict environmental protection policies were also important reasons for the rapid changes in the number of live pigs. However, under modern breeding models, the stability of live pig production capacity has been greatly improved. The cycle' will be significantly leveled out." said He Xintian, secretary general of the China Animal Husbandry Association.

Overheating signs of capacity recovery need to beware

　　Affected by factors such as African swine fever, my country's pig industry has suffered a major impact since 2018.

At the end of 2019, the national reproductive sow stock and live pig stock dropped by about 40% compared with 2017, but at present, both data have returned to 80% of the normal year. It is expected that the production capacity is expected to fully recover in the second and third quarters of next year.

　　According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in August this year, the national live pig population increased by 4.7% month-on-month, an increase for 7 consecutive months, an increase of 31.3% year-on-year; the breeding of sows increased by 3.5% month-on-month, and an increase of 37% year-on-year for 11 consecutive months; There are 2030 new large-scale pig farms in the country that have been put into production. Since the beginning of this year, the total number of newly-built large-scale pig farms has been put into production. The number of large-scale pig farms that were empty last year also reached 11,844.

　　However, while production capacity is recovering quickly and steadily, we must also guard against signs of overheating.

　　"In the past year or so, there have been a lot of lay investors who have entered the pig industry. They have cooperated with professional breeding companies through the model of "I pay, you raise". The gross profit is 70 million yuan.” Peng Yinglin said, on the one hand, this is conducive to speeding up the recovery of pig production capacity, but on the other hand, no one wants to miss this big profit, let alone think that they will be the last The one that lost money.

　　Data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that in August this year, pork prices rose 52.6% year-on-year.

The month-on-month increase was 1.2%, but the increase is already falling.

　　"At this stage, while continuing to stabilize the production and supply of the pig industry and transform and upgrade, we must also plan ahead." He Xintian said that at present, the China Animal Husbandry Association is considering working with large companies to promote the stability and order of the pig industry. Develop, scientifically and reasonably plan production capacity, prevent overheating trends, and solve the "pig cycle" fluctuation problem that has plagued the industry for a long time.