Talent training should be inclined to key manufacturing fields
Commentator of "China News Weekly" / Yan Xiaofeng
Published in the 965th issue of China News Weekly on September 21, 2020
Affected by multiple factors such as the new crown pneumonia epidemic and economic downward pressure, the employment situation for college students this year is complicated and urgent.
On the one hand, the record number of college graduates was 8.74 million, on the other hand, the severely shrinking job market, coupled with the imbalance of supply and demand, made the problem increasingly serious.
To stabilize employment, we must first stabilize fresh graduates, because they are the most dynamic and valuable force.
In addition to expanding the scale of recruitment by enterprises and institutions, granting employment subsidies to private enterprises, and encouraging college students to start their own businesses, professional guidance is urgent and necessary.
In the long run, changing the distorted talent structure must be on the agenda.
For example, the structural surplus and shortage of manufacturing talents coexist, leading talents and artisans in big countries are in short supply; university talent training is out of touch with the actual needs of enterprises; the social status and remuneration of front-line workers in manufacturing are generally low, and the upward channel is not smooth.
Statistics show that there is a huge demand for talents in the ten key areas of China's manufacturing industry. For example, the talent gap in the new generation of information technology industry is 7.5 million, the talent gap in the high-end CNC machine tools and robotics is 3 million, and the talent gap in the power equipment field is There are 4.11 million people, a gap of 3 million people for new materials, 250,000 people for biomedicine and high-performance medical equipment, etc. These key manufacturing fields have been born in China Nuclear Power, China High Speed Rail, Chengfei, Xifei, Huawei, BYD, etc. And other leading companies.
As we all know, the reasons for college students' difficulty in obtaining employment are nothing more than structural contradictions, misalignment of supply and demand, lack of employment guidance, and some students' unrealistic pursuit of career planning.
In this regard, first of all, we must continue to encourage and advocate the spirit of struggle and hard work, and we must tell college students that only by being down-to-earth can they harvest a rich life and lay a solid foundation for their career.
Secondly, we must strengthen employment guidance. At present, what college campuses lack most are career planning and employment mentors.
From the perspective of recent graduates, graduates with majors in computer, Internet, communications, electronics, etc., account for far ahead of other industries; and affected by the epidemic, there will also be a number of jobs in industries such as Internet technology, online education, and e-commerce platforms. Blowout development.
However, the current popular industries and professions are not necessarily the goals pursued by everyone. Just like the once popular business management and marketing professions, there will eventually be excesses and excesses.
Therefore, students must have an accurate understanding of the clear picture of the relevant industry.
Third, and most importantly, college admissions should be tilted toward key manufacturing areas.
The key to achieving the strategic goal of a manufacturing power lies in talents.
The "Manufacturing Talent Development Planning Guide" issued in 2017 proposed that by 2020, the proportion of manufacturing employees with higher education will reach 22%, the proportion of highly skilled personnel will reach about 28% of skilled workers, and R&D personnel will account for about 28% of skilled workers. The proportion of personnel is above 6%.
The current outstanding problem is the shortage of basic manufacturing and advanced manufacturing technology talents, the training of talents is out of touch with the actual needs of the industry, the social status and remuneration of manufacturing front-line workers are generally low, and the space for career advancement is limited.
Therefore, we must advance the reform of the talent supply structure. On the one hand, we must learn from the German dual education system to cultivate a large number of highly skilled labor; at the same time, we must cultivate large-scale applied talents at the undergraduate level and turn a group of institutions of higher learning into the cradle of engineers.
In particular, it is necessary to tilt toward relevant majors in key fields, implement a modern apprenticeship system for school-enterprise joint training, encourage school-enterprise cooperation, and carry out "order-based" training in key areas of manufacturing.
At present, the scale of talent training in China's manufacturing industry ranks among the top in the world, but it still cannot meet the needs of "Made in China, Created in China".
On the one hand, we must solve the employment problem of college students, and on the other hand, we must reflect on the talent training system and solve the problem while reflecting.
A strong manufacturing country depends on talents.
If the most difficult graduation season can force education transformation, it would be great.
China News Weekly, Issue 34, 2020
Statement: The publication of "China News Weekly" manuscript is authorized in writing