The "14th Five-Year" plan has entered a critical period. Recently, various localities have begun to intensively solicit suggestions for local planning and open the door to inquiries.
Through these open questions and preliminary researches, the blueprint for the "14th Five-Year Plan" has been revealed. Faced with the unseen changes in the world in a century, how will Chinese cities do in the next 5 years?
Urban development model gradual change
Regional development is an important source of power for China's economic growth, and cities have also become the main carriers of industry and population gathering. In recent years, China has formed a policy direction in which central cities, metropolitan areas and urban agglomerations lead and drive overall development. Therefore, in the "14th Five-Year Plan" of various localities, regional and urban development have become the focus.
On August 26, the Standing Committee of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee held a meeting. In response to the "14th Five-Year Plan", the meeting pointed out that it is necessary to do a good job in regional development, and drive the construction of central cities, urban agglomerations, and towns to drive coordinated and high-quality development across the region; Improve the level of integrated development and overall strength of the Wuhan city circle, better play the leading and radiating role of Wuhan as the leader and the "Xiangshi Sui" and "Yijingjing" urban agglomerations as the two wings, and accelerate the development of the block economy.
Hubei's regional development strategy has become a common practice in all provinces. Under the national major regional strategy, provinces are also actively planning and promoting the development of sub-urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas within the province, vigorously fostering economic sub-central cities, forming new growth poles, and promoting coordinated regional development. This is evident in the formulation of the "14th Five-Year Plan" in various regions.
In the regional development strategy, the central city plays a key role. Especially under the strategy of "Strengthening the Provincial Capital", the population and industrial agglomeration capacity of central cities have rapidly increased. While promoting economic growth, it also poses challenges to the urban spatial layout, especially the accelerated urbanization of the central and western cities, and the future urban expansion model Will it change?
In fact, with the accelerating concentration of population and industries, the extension of central cities has been expanding rapidly. In order to cope with these pressures, some cities have been vigorously reshaping urban economic geography in recent years.
For example, in 2017, Chengdu proposed to reshape the urban structure and industrial economic geography by “advancing east, expanding south, controlling west, reforming from the north, and improving China”; Excellent"; In 2019, Zhengzhou proposed "Strong East, South Dynamic, West America, North Jing, and China Excellent". These are major adjustments and expansions to the urban structure.
It can be predicted that the adjustment strategy of the urban structure will be written into the "14th Five-Year Plan", and the next few years will still be the period of urban expansion. However, urban expansion also raises questions about where the boundaries of cities are. The development of central cities urgently needs to shift from external expansion to internal expansion.
While the city is expanding, the organic renewal of the city is also highlighted. In 2016, the "Several Opinions on Further Strengthening the Management of Urban Planning and Construction" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council clearly required the orderly implementation of urban repair and organic renewal. The 2019 Central Economic Work Conference also proposed to strengthen urban renewal and the upgrading of stock housing.
In the early stage of the "14th Five-Year Plan" project, the National Development and Reform Commission's Urban and Small Towns Reform and Development Center undertook Xi'an's "Study on Strategies for Transforming Xi'an Urban Development Mode and Optimizing Spatial Patterns during the "14th Five-Year Plan" Period"; China Urban Planning and Design Research The institute also conducts research on the study and compilation of Xi'an's land and space planning.
Zhengzhou’s "14th Five-Year Plan" plan was formulated to analyze the experience and practices of the adjustment and integration of domestic advanced urban administrative divisions, analyze the current status of Zhengzhou's urban development space, population structure, and functional zoning under the new situation, and analyze Zhengzhou Urgently need to promote the necessary factors for the adjustment of administrative divisions, based on further improving the functions of the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to better serve the national strategic needs, and in accordance with the global urbanization direction, research and put forward the ideas and measures of Zhengzhou to accelerate the adjustment of administrative divisions during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
Not only that, in recent years, many cities have formulated medium and long-term strategic development goals. The year 2020 is often the first stage of strategic steps. The next five years will be the starting stage of new strategic goals for these cities. The Fourth Five-Year Plan is particularly important.
For example, after Chengdu achieves the first step of Chengdu's "three-step" strategy in the new era in 2020, it will fully start the process of achieving the second step of the strategic goal during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Chengdu proposed that from 2020 to 2035, Chengdu will be fully built into a pan-European and pan-Asian international gateway hub city with important influence.
Where are the growth drivers in the future?
At present, the world is facing major changes unseen in a century, and the growth pattern that relies on external cycles is facing major challenges. China proposes to accelerate the formation of a new pattern in which the domestic cycle is the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promote each other. This has a major impact on the pattern of Chinese cities, and at the same time promotes the transformation of the city's growth momentum.
Professor Pu Yongjian, deputy director of the Development Research Center of Chongqing University, believes that this is an opportunity for inland cities. Moreover, Chongqing's complete industrial system and superior geographical location make it possible for Chongqing to regain its position in the top five of China's economy 30 years ago in the domestic cycle. He believes that Chongqing must be prepared for the "large-scale industrial transfer."
In order to enhance the city’s competitiveness, Zhengzhou’s 14th Five-Year Plan set up a master development plan for building a core demonstration zone of the national Yellow River Ecological Belt, promoting the coordination of the four roads and the linkage of the five districts to accelerate the overall plan for high-quality open development and speeding up the overall internationalization of the city. The special working group for the overall plan for enhancing competitiveness, and four special working groups for implementing the strategy of building a foundation to make up for shortcomings and catching up to speed up the overall plan for innovative development.
In fact, in the current situation, how to face the changes and transform the growth momentum is an urgent problem for urban development.
Beijing’s "14th Five-Year Plan" early-stage topics include: the "14th Five-Year" period, the impact of major changes in the international and domestic development environment and the study of Beijing’s economic and social development target indicators; the study of the goals and paths of Beijing’s promotion of modernization; the capital’s economic society Research on the characteristics of development stages and basic ideas; comparative research on the strategy of Beijing and other international metropolises, etc.
Shanghai’s topics include research on GDP growth rates and related structural indicators under multiple scenarios during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period; enhancing the comprehensive strength of the international economic center, enhancing the resource allocation function of the international financial center, enhancing the hub function of the international trade center, and enhancing the international shipping center Research on high-end service capabilities, goals and strategic measures to enhance the ability of the global influential scientific and technological innovation center.
With a well-developed digital economy and a highly export-oriented economy, Hangzhou has both opportunities and challenges. On July 17, Hangzhou City issued the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan Compilation Catalogue of Hangzhou City" formulated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission. There is only one regional plan, namely the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for the development of the Hangzhou West Science and Technology Innovation Corridor. It can be predicted that innovation-driven will be placed high hopes.
The main content of the solicitation in Chengdu this time includes the construction of a park city demonstration area that implements the new development concept, deepening the reshaping of industrial economic geography, leading and driving the development of Chengdemei capital in the same city, building an industrial function zone, building an industrial ecosystem, and fostering new development. Kinetic energy builds a high-level innovation system and expands high-level opening up.
On August 18, the "14th Five-Year Plan" work scheduling meeting of Changsha City was held. Xia Jianping, the executive deputy mayor of Changsha, said that he wanted to find the right development strategy. We must adhere to problem-oriented and goal-oriented, highlight the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry, the development of modern service industries, the construction of regional consumption centers, and the construction of urban agglomerations, and strive to incorporate more issues into the overall layout of the country and province.
Author: Lee Soo in