Beijing News Express (Reporter Jiang Huizi) The central government’s new 2 trillion yuan direct fund has basically reached the grassroots level. Currently, after deducting the 300 billion yuan used to support tax cuts and fee reductions, the central government has allocated 1.674 trillion yuan of the remaining 1.7 trillion yuan, with a percentage of 98.5%. Among them, 30.5% of about 509.7 billion yuan has formed actual expenditures to support the "six stability" and "six guarantees."

　　In response to the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the central government has taken special measures for a special year, adding 2 trillion yuan of financial funds to support economic and social recovery and development, and establishing a special transfer payment mechanism to ensure that all 2 trillion yuan of financial funds reach the grass-roots level of cities and counties. , Directly benefit enterprises and people.

　　What is the progress of the 2 trillion yuan direct fund expenditure? Has it all been implemented at the grassroots level? Which areas are direct funds used for? Does the special transfer payment mechanism work and how to supervise it? In response to the 2 trillion yuan of direct funds, the Ministry of Finance recently introduced in detail the latest developments and related situations.

What is the progress of the 2 trillion yuan direct fund expenditure?

——30.5% of the funds issued by the central government have formed actual expenditures, which is faster than the scheduled progress

　　Xu Hongcai, Vice Minister of Finance, introduced the progress of the new 2 trillion yuan direct fund. Of the 2 trillion yuan, 300 billion yuan will be used to support new tax cuts and fees, which will be accurately implemented by the tax authorities and reflected through fiscal revenue reductions; 1.7 trillion yuan will be reflected through fiscal expenditures.

　　Up to now, the central government has allocated 1.674 trillion yuan, accounting for 98.5% of 1.7 trillion yuan, and the remaining 1.5%, about 26 billion yuan, has not yet been issued. This is mainly for the follow-up epidemic prevention and control and the implementation of the central unit’s pension insurance subsidy policy. , This part of the funds needs to be temporarily retained and released in time according to progress.

　　According to the requirements of the special transfer payment mechanism, after 1.674 trillion yuan has been transferred from the central government to the provincial government, the provincial government, as the "god of wealth", needs to be timely distributed to the city and county grassroots. At present, the provincial finance has allocated 1.558 trillion yuan, accounting for 93.3% of the central government's funds, and the remaining 6.7%, about 90.2 billion yuan, has not yet been issued.

　　After 1.558 trillion yuan was distributed to the grassroots of cities and counties, 1.451 trillion yuan has now been detailed and implemented into specific projects, accounting for 95% of provincial-level funds. Xu Hongcai said that there are still 5% of projects that have not been implemented yet, and the entire arrangement mechanism is very fast.

　　From the perspective of the use of funds, as of mid-August, the actual expenditure of 1.7 trillion yuan has been 509.7 billion yuan, of which the provincial expenditure is 4.1%; the city and county grassroots expenditure is 488.8 billion yuan, accounting for 95.9%. Among the expenditures of cities and counties, the city level accounted for 14.5% and the county level accounted for 81.4%, reflecting the effect of the policy that funds go directly to the grassroots.

　　Xu Hongcai said that the actual expenditure of 509.7 billion yuan accounted for 30.5% of the funds (1.674 trillion yuan) already issued by the central government, which was 2.7 percentage points higher than the initial schedule. In general, the special transfer payment mechanism has significantly accelerated the progress of fund distribution, and the fund arrangement and use efficiency have been greatly improved. It can be expected that the cities and counties have allocated funds to the project, laying a good foundation for the subsequent budget implementation, and the speed will be further improved.

Why is there still "retention" in the provincial finance of the "God of Wealth"?

——In compliance with regulations, it will be used for follow-up anti-epidemic expenditure and provincial overall planning of pension insurance

　　The reporter noticed that of the 1.674 trillion yuan issued by the central government, the provincial finance has allocated 1.558 trillion yuan to the city and county grassroots, and the remaining 6.7%, about 90.2 billion yuan, has not yet been issued.

　　This is also the case with regard to the use of funds. As of mid-August, actual expenditures of 1.7 trillion yuan had been 509.7 billion yuan, of which provincial expenditures accounted for 4.1%.

　　The special transfer payment mechanism requires that provincial treasurers only act as "the god of wealth" and cannot withhold embezzlement. What is the use of the above funds "retained"?

　　Xu Hongcai explained that just as the central government wants to set aside some follow-up anti-epidemic expenditures, the central government has also formulated corresponding policies for local governments to allow local governments to reserve no more than 20% of the total anti-epidemic special national debt funds for subsequent anti-epidemic funds. Epidemic expenditure, etc.

　　That is to say, the “6.7% of about 90.2 billion yuan” that the provincial finance has not issued to the grassroots of the city and county is the special national debt funds reserved for distribution in accordance with the prescribed proportion.

　　Xu Hongcai explained that 4.1% of the provincial fiscal expenditures in the direct funds were mainly due to the requirements of provincial-level overall planning of pension insurance.

　　The subsidy funds for endowment insurance are coordinated at the provincial level, and the grassroots endowment subsidy funds need to be coordinated to the provincial level. That is to say, the grassroots pension expenditure is also reflected in the provincial finance, so there is a 4.1% expenditure of the provincial finance. .

　　In addition, some of the provincial expenditures are inclusive financial development special funds, which are used to guarantee loan interest discounts for key enterprises in epidemic prevention and control. Since loan interest discounts are “offered” to specific enterprises, part of the expenditure needs to be paid by provincial finance and related Enterprises "set their accounts" and must therefore be listed in provincial fiscal expenditures.

Where is the direct fund used and what role does it play?

——Ensure the normal operation of the grassroots level and support large-scale nucleic acid testing expenses

　　Direct funds are mainly used to improve the financial support capacity of the grassroots and support the grassroots to do the work of "six stability" and "six guarantees".

　　The reporter noted that the construction of the public health system and large-scale nucleic acid testing are all within the scope of direct funding. For example, Wuhan, Hubei has allocated 4.726 billion yuan to support the renovation and expansion of 11 central urban hospitals and the construction of primary medical and health service systems; Tianjin and other places have arranged funds for the procurement of epidemic prevention and control materials and guarantees large-scale nucleic acid testing expenses.

　　In terms of guaranteeing market entities, according to incomplete statistics, the funds used for corporate loan discounts, assistance to stabilize jobs, subsidies and subsidies have exceeded 14 billion yuan, benefiting nearly 80,000 small and medium-sized enterprises and more than 60,000 individual industrial and commercial households.

　　As the leader of the "six stability", direct funds for employment stabilization have exceeded 15 billion yuan, including the coordinated use of employment subsidy funds and vocational skills improvement funds.

　　The 2 trillion yuan fiscal fund is required to reach the grassroots level. One of the purposes is to increase financial support for the grassroots level, ensure the normal operation of the grassroots level, and secure the bottom line of the "three guarantees". For example, Yunnan included 18.42 billion yuan of direct funds into financial transfer payments, an increase of 23.2 percentage points over the previous year; Guangdong distributed 24.35 billion yuan of direct funds to city and county grassroots, realizing that all counties and districts had only increased financial transfer payments. Reduce; Guangxi has distributed 19.485 billion yuan of direct funds to cities and counties, which will be used to ensure basic people's livelihood and ensure basic operations.

　　In addition, direct funds are also used to support the construction of major projects. This part is mainly reflected in the anti-epidemic special national debt in the direct funds, which is used to support the public health system, the major epidemic prevention and control system, the emergency material guarantee system, the industrial chain transformation and upgrading, etc. , To give play to the leveraging effect of funds on the industrial chain, investment and financing.

　　Of the 2 trillion yuan of direct funds, 1 trillion yuan is the issuance of special treasury bonds to fight the epidemic. The reporter noticed that the anti-epidemic special treasury bonds have now been issued, with a total of 16 issues from June 18 to July 30.

How to supervise direct funds to reach the grassroots level and avoid waste?

——Establish a monitoring system for the whole process of direct funds connecting with financial departments at all levels

　　In order to ensure that 2 trillion yuan can truly reach the grass-roots level of cities and counties, and directly benefit enterprises and people, a special transfer payment mechanism has been established. Provincial finance only serves as the "god of wealth", and must not be intercepted and misappropriated, and all are directly distributed to the city and county grassroots to ensure that the funds can be used as soon as possible.

　　How to manage direct funds so that direct funds can be used accurately and efficiently?

　　In this regard, the Ministry of Finance has established a direct fund monitoring system that connects all levels of financial departments. On the one hand, it can connect with the central, provincial, city, and county governments at all levels. On the other hand, it realizes the synchronization of budget allocation, fund allocation and fund supervision. Process Monitoring.

　　"The monitoring system directly fetches data from the production system, and the production system will immediately look like the entity is in the monitoring system. At the same time, the monitoring system is fully open to auditing and other relevant departments and localities. We and the auditing department are connected to the local monitoring system. The data audit department can see it.” Xu Hongcai introduced.

　　At present, direct funds from the central government have basically reached the grassroots level and are gradually being allocated. According to Xu Hongcai, in order to avoid waste of a large amount of funds flowing to the grassroots, the treasury funds dispatch takes into account the use of local funds and adopts differentiated dispatch. By increasing the frequency of fund transfers, increasing the proportion of local funds retained, and expanding the number of counties monitored, the grassroots is guaranteed need.

　　At the same time, the effect of the direct mechanism is dynamically evaluated and continuously improved and improved. The reporter noticed that the Ministry of Finance has recently issued a document to adjust the specific operational issues reported by the local government, allowing local governments to adjust the direct funds that are expected to be difficult to form actual expenditures during the year for other qualified projects, reducing the precipitation of idle funds; allowing local governments to resist The funds of the special national debt for the epidemic are used to make up the funding gap that has occurred in the previous period.