Sichuan Flavor Duck Blood "Going Out to Sea"
Chengdu exports 24 tons of duck blood every month, some countries want to identify "DNA"
Duck blood processing plant is making boxed duck blood (photograph by interviewee)
For many delicious mouths, duck blood is one of the must-order dishes for hot pot. In recent years, as the Sichuan hot pot drifted out of the ocean, duck blood also appeared on foreign dining tables. It is understood that Chengdu currently exports 24 tons of duck blood per month.
Why is the demand for duck blood in overseas markets increasing year by year? Where does such a large duck blood output come from? Fresh duck blood is usually not easy to preserve. How can the export of duck blood be guaranteed not to deteriorate? Recently, the reporter visited the Chengdu market and found that from fixed-point breeding, fixed-point slaughter, fixed-point processing to boxed process, Chengdu duck blood has formed an efficient and high-quality industrial chain. Duck blood export business has been in Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, The United States and other countries are in full bloom.
Duck blood outlet
New Zealand has the largest demand
In September last year, a total of 1.3 tons of boxed duck blood worth US$2,000 was successfully exported to the Southeast Asian market after 15 days of shipping. This is the first time Sichuan has exported duck blood products. These products are from Chengdu Qiaoyaqiao Food Co., Ltd. Since then, Qiao Yaqiao's duck blood export business has fully blossomed, from Cambodia, Malaysia to Australia, New Zealand, and then to Japan and the United States, and the import and export registration registration of South Korea and Singapore is also being processed.
"We are the second export enterprise specializing in duck blood in the country. Now we export about 4,000 boxes of duck blood per month. Chengdu area is mainly because we are exporting duck blood. It will continue to increase in the future." According to Chengdu Qiaoyaqiao Food Co., Ltd. General manager Li Chengyong introduced that each box of 20 boxes of cooked duck blood has a net content of 300 grams. The company exports 24 tons of duck blood products per month, mainly for overseas restaurants and supermarkets. The largest export volume is New Zealand. Followed by Australia.
After slaughtering a duck, there is only 60 grams of duck blood, and the single export reaches 24 tons. This does not include the domestic market with greater demand. Where does so much duck blood come from?
In fact, boxed cooked duck blood is completely different from the traditional process of making fresh duck blood. The fresh duck blood that we usually eat at home is usually directly killed after the duck is drained, and then water is added, and after the coagulation is formed, the subsequent cooking is performed.
The boxed cooked duck blood needs to be added twice in the middle from the duck blood collection to processing. In fact, the fresh duck blood in boxed cooked duck blood only accounts for 40%, and the remaining 60% is water. This also means that to make a box of 300 grams of duck blood, only the blood of 2 ducks is needed.
Boxed duck blood
Shelf life up to 10 months
According to Li Chengyong, at 5 a.m. every day, the blood collection master who lives in the slaughterhouse will start a day's work, complete the blood collection while slaughtering the ducks in the slaughterhouse, and then transport the cold chain back to the processing plant. The factory technicians took samples and tested them immediately. After passing the test, the duck blood is transported to the ingredient workshop for ingredient production. After filling, it is sterilized by high temperature and high pressure. "From duck blood collection to processing into products, it takes 3 hours."
It is worth mentioning that the boxed duck blood after high temperature and high pressure sterilization is more dense than fresh duck blood. After being cooked, it does not have the "honeycomb" pores like fresh duck blood, nor will it surface.
Compared with the domestic market demand, the quantity of 24 tons is not too much. According to Li Chengyong, there are currently 5 long-term cooperative slaughtering companies in the province. The daily duck slaughtering volume reaches 120,000, with an average duck blood output of 70,000 cartons per month and 100,000 cartons in peak season. According to 20 boxes of cooked duck blood per box and 300 grams per box, the maximum monthly output can reach nearly 600 tons, but it is far from meeting the national market demand.
"The protein content of duck blood is very high. If exposed to air, especially in high temperature, it will deteriorate in two hours. The temperature of the hot pot can reach 90℃ at most, and it cannot completely kill pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, so' 'Fresh duck blood' has great risks." Li Chengyong said.
In this case, how to ensure the safety of exporting duck blood? Li Chengyong said that after high temperature cooking, the shelf life of boxed duck blood can reach 6 months. However, considering that the overseas export cycle is relatively long and the shipping time is as short as more than ten days and more than one month. In addition to the customs clearance inspection time, the shelf life is greatly reduced. To this end, after repeated research and testing, by increasing the time of high temperature sterilization, the shelf life of duck blood was extended to 10 months.
Qualification requirements
Every national standard is different
The Baijia Market in Shuangliu, Chengdu is the most important agricultural product sales market in Chengdu, mainly supplying semi-finished duck blood. According to the person in charge of Baijia Market, there are more than 20 duck blood sellers in the whole market, which can provide about 500 kilograms of duck blood to catering stores in downtown Chengdu every day.
It is understood that Qiao Yaqiao supplies Dalong Yi, Haidilao and other well-known hot pot brands, and its biggest demander is Tan Yaxue. According to Liu Shaoquan, general manager of Zhishan Brand Management Co., Ltd., based on 300 grams of duck blood per box, Tan duck blood has 15 duck stores in Chengdu, and the daily demand for duck blood can reach 350 kilograms. At present, there are more than 600 stores worldwide, which can consume 60,000 boxes of duck blood a day.
Since the domestic market is so large, why not meet domestic demand first? Li Chengyong said that in 2018, Tan Yaxue successively deployed overseas stores, but the relevant countries lacked the cooked duck blood processing technology. Out of trust in this long-term partner, the other party hoped that he would continue to supply duck blood to overseas stores. An important reason for sending abroad.
In fact, exporting duck blood products overseas is not an easy task. Li Chengyong introduced that each country has different qualification requirements for imported products. "For example, Australia does not allow the import of cattle and sheep-derived products, so duck blood products exported to the country need to undergo'DNA identification' to ensure that they are not adulterated with cattle and sheep-derived ingredients."
At the same time, different countries have different requirements for sterilization time, including microbial, agricultural and veterinary drug residues and other indicators must be tested, which also puts forward higher requirements for the processing and production technology of enterprises.
The preparation of various customs declarations, inspections and contract materials is even more "head-to-head". Li Feifei, an employee in charge of export affairs, mentioned that all export products need to apply for export licenses. For example, South Korea requires registration on its designated official website, but all of them are on the website. It is Korean and needs help from overseas customers.
The second is to verify the label information of the exported products. To translate prepackaged food labels into different national languages, they must also comply with local labeling standards. Li Feifei remembers that when docking with an Australian customer once, the material was reworked more than 20 times back and forth because of translation and punctuation problems.
Good price
A box of 2 dollars can be sold abroad
How to ensure that "duck blood comes out of the duck"? Tang Zhipeng, a customs officer at Jincheng Customs, a subsidiary of Chengdu Customs, said that many countries have very high import quarantine requirements for the blood products of secondary animal origin, such as duck blood. Therefore, from duck source breeding to slaughtering, production and processing, every link needs to be advanced For the record, fixed-point breeding, fixed-point slaughter, and fixed-point processing, so that the source is safe and traceable.
Chengdu Customs has also organized an expert team to conduct risk assessments, research and guidance to duck blood processing factories, raw material supply enterprises and farm bases many times to help enterprises strengthen the construction of quality management systems.
Tang Zhipeng said that there are currently two enterprises in Sichuan that have been registered as export food production enterprises. One of them has completed the production and processing procedures and is in the process of selecting duck breeding bases.
In fact, Qiaoyaqiao is not the earliest enterprise in the country engaged in duck blood export. Prior to this, an enterprise in Zhengzhou, Henan Province had exported duck blood products to Australia, New Zealand, Canada and other countries. "In order to allow Sichuan duck blood to be exported smoothly, we also specifically consulted the customs staff of Zhengzhou at that time." Tang Zhipeng said.
Is the export of duck blood a good business?
"A box of domestic duck blood costs 3 yuan, and a box of 2 dollars abroad. But exporting duck blood is mainly to earn a reputation. If the customer wants to open a store overseas, I can supply him, and no one else can supply it. I think it is very good. "Li Chengyong hopes that he can use "duck blood to go overseas" to further enhance the corporate image.
Li Chengyong revealed that the company is building a new duck blood production and processing plant in Shandong, which is expected to be completed next month. After completion, it will be 10 times larger than the current plant. "After starting production, we will also apply for export filings, so that the whole world can taste our duck blood."
West China Metropolis Daily-Cover News reporter Xiong Yingying Zhu Zhu