my country's water and soil erosion situation will continue to improve in 2023, and the ecological quality will stabilize and improve.

　　China News Service, March 21. According to the website of the Ministry of Water Resources on the 21st, in order to reflect changes in water and soil erosion and the effectiveness of ecological civilization construction, the Ministry of Water Resources recently organized and completed the 2023 national dynamic monitoring of water and soil erosion. The results show that the national water and soil erosion area dropped to 2.6276 million km2, a decrease of 25,800 km2 from 2022, a decrease of 0.97%. The amount and decrease have expanded compared with the previous year, and the proportion of areas with severe and above erosion increased from 18.74 in 2022. % dropped to 18.43%, and the soil and water conservation rate increased from 72.26% to 72.56%. Compared with 2011, the area of ​​soil erosion nationwide has decreased by more than one-tenth. The monitoring results fully show that my country's water and soil erosion situation has continuously achieved a "double decrease" in area intensity and a "double decrease" in water and wind erosion. The water and soil conservation rate has steadily increased, and the quality and stability of the ecosystem have continued to improve.

　　In 2023, my country's soil and water loss prevention and control will be comprehensively accelerated and efficient, opening a new chapter in the high-quality development of soil and water conservation. The area of ​​water and soil erosion has been reduced to varying degrees in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country, and the water and soil conservation rates in each province have continued to increase. The water and soil erosion conditions in major river basins, major national strategic areas and key areas of concern are all showing an improving trend.

　　In terms of types, my country's water erosion area is 1.0714 million km2 and wind erosion area is 1.5562 million km2, accounting for 40.77% and 59.23% of the total water and soil loss area respectively. The water erosion area decreased by 19,200 km2, a decrease of 1.76%, and the wind erosion area decreased by 0.66 million km2, a decrease of 0.42%. The reduction area and reduction rate of hydraulic erosion are higher than those of wind erosion.

　　Looking at the overall pattern, the area of ​​water and soil erosion has decreased in the east, middle and west, with the largest reduction in the western region and the largest decrease in the central and eastern regions. The area of ​​soil erosion in the western region decreased by 17,100 km2 compared with 2022, a decrease of 0.77%. The area of ​​soil erosion in the central region decreased by 0.54 million km2, a decrease of 1.90%. The area of ​​soil erosion in the eastern region decreased by 0.33 million km2, a decrease of 2.44%.

　　From the perspective of major national strategic areas, the situation of water and soil erosion in major national strategic areas such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Yangtze River Delta Regional Integrated Development Planning Area, the Yellow River Basin Ecological Protection and High-quality Development Planning Area continues Improvement, soil erosion area reduction is higher than the national average. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has the highest reduction of 4.48%, which is 4.6 times the national average reduction. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region decreased by 2.29%; the Yangtze River Economic Belt decreased by 1.79%; the Yangtze River Delta regional integrated development planning area decreased by 1.44%; the Yellow River Basin ecological protection and high-quality development planning area decreased by 1.40%, of which The decrease in the northwest Loess Plateau reached 1.86%.

　　In terms of areas of focus, the black soil areas in the northeast, the rocky desertification areas in the southwest, and the Three Gorges Reservoir area have seen decreases of 1.28%, 1.73%, and 2.03% respectively compared to 2022. The Danjiangkou Reservoir area and its upstream basin and the water source area of ​​the South-to-North Water Diversion East Route Project decreased by 2.00% and 2.18%. The Sanbei region, which is dominated by wind erosion, saw a decrease of 0.75%. The reductions in soil and water loss areas in the cold and high-altitude Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Sanjiangyuan National Park were 0.54% and 0.31% respectively.

　　Looking at major river basins, the situation of water and soil erosion is showing an improving trend. The total area of ​​water and soil erosion in the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Haihe River, Pearl River, Songliao River Basin (section), southeastern rivers, and southwestern river basins is 1.1262 million km2, of which the water erosion area is 931,000 km2, and the wind erosion area is 195,200 km2. The overall decrease in soil and water loss area in major river basins was 1.64%, and the decrease in each basin was higher than the national average. my country's major river basins contributed 72.54% of the country's total reduction in water and soil erosion in 2023, 89.76% of the country's total reduction in water erosion, and 85.43% of the country's total reduction in severe or above water erosion.

　　Looking at the national-level key water and soil erosion prevention and control areas, the area of ​​water and soil erosion in the 40 national-level key water and soil erosion prevention and control areas decreased by 0.92%. Among them, the national-level key water and soil erosion control areas decreased by 1.70%, which was 1.75% of the national average reduction. times, and the decrease in national key soil and water loss prevention areas was 0.56%.

　　Looking at the national key ecological functional zones, the area of ​​water and soil erosion in the 25 national key ecological functional zones has declined, with the area of ​​water and soil loss accounting for 27.56% of their land area, a decrease of 0.75 million km2 or 0.71% compared with 2022. Among them, the soil and water conservation ecological functional area has the highest decrease, which is 2.05%.

　　At the same time, the Ministry of Water Resources insists on taking man-made water and soil loss as the focus of supervision, comprehensively strengthens strict source control and process management, organizes and carries out full-coverage, normalized remote sensing supervision of water and soil conservation, and builds a system with remote sensing supervision as the basic means, key supervision as a supplement, and credit A new supervision mechanism based on supervision will strictly investigate and deal with illegal activities in soil and water conservation. In 2023, the incidence and intensity of man-made water and soil erosion will continue to decline across the country. The incidence of water and soil erosion in man-made disturbed plots will drop to 47.79%, a decrease of 29 percentage points from 2019. The proportion of areas with severe and above water and soil erosion will increase from 31.52% in 2019. dropped to 16.97%.

　　In recent years, the Ministry of Water Resources has focused on the problems of rivers drying up and lakes shrinking and drying up, accelerating the recovery of the mother river, continuously improving the ecological environment of rivers and lakes, effectively ensuring the ecological flow of rivers and lakes, and maintaining the healthy life of rivers and lakes. The 2023 national dynamic monitoring of water and soil loss used comparative analysis of satellite remote sensing images to focus on monitoring the water and soil conservation and ecological improvement of ecologically fragile rivers and lakes such as Wuliangsuhai, Tarim River, Juyanhai, and Yongding River after their recovery. The results show that the ecological functions of the lake in the Wuliangsuhai ecological water replenishment impact assessment area have gradually recovered, and the ecological environment has continued to improve. Compared with before ecological water replenishment (2004), within the Wuliangsuhai ecological water replenishment impact monitoring and evaluation area of ​​about 355km2 in 2023, the water area increased from 308.94km2 to 337.18km2, an increase of 28.24km2, an increase of 9.14%. The area of ​​soil erosion around the lake decreased from 28.72km2 to 4.02km2, a decrease of 24.70km2. The ecology of the Tarim River ecological water conveyance impact assessment area is gradually improving, and the ecological water conveyance benefits are evident. Compared with before ecological water transfer (1998), within the Tarim River ecological water transfer impact monitoring and evaluation area of ​​about 30,200 km2 in 2023, the water area increased by 431.73 km2, an increase of 29.46%; the vegetation area increased by 4,700 km2, an increase of 38.10% ; The area of ​​sandy land decreased by 5,200 km2, a decrease of 43.22%. The regional soil and water loss area decreased by 0.62 million km2, a decrease of 38.81%. The ecological environment of the Juyanhai Ecological Water Diversion Impact Assessment Area has steadily improved, and dry lakes have regained their vitality. Compared with before the ecological water diversion (1999), within the Juyanhai ecological water diversion impact monitoring and evaluation area of ​​about 4,700 km2 in 2023, the area of ​​rivers, lakes and other water areas has increased by about 2.5 times; the area of ​​forest and grassland with medium coverage and above An increase of 312.26km2 has been achieved, and vegetation restoration has achieved significant results. The regional soil and water loss area decreased by 454.54km2, a decrease of 10.80%, and the area of ​​high-intensity erosion decreased significantly. Among them, the area of ​​extremely strong and severe erosion decreased by 92.04% and 99.68%. The ecological environment of the Yongding River ecological water replenishment impact assessment area has been improved, and the soil and water conservation function has been further enhanced. Through comparative analysis of the pre-flood images from March to June 2023 and the images before ecological water replenishment in 2018, the Yongding River ecological water replenishment impact monitoring and evaluation area is about 1,700 km2, an increase of 7.97%; the water and soil loss area decreased by 74.35 km2, a decrease of 51.89%.

　　Next, the Ministry of Water Resources will fully implement the "Opinions on Strengthening Soil and Water Conservation in the New Era", adhere to ecological priority, comprehensively use natural restoration and artificial restoration, comprehensively strengthen the prevention and protection of water and soil loss, and consolidate and improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem. sex. Adhere to the system concept, solidly promote the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, strengthen the coordination and management of all factors, accelerate the comprehensive management of water and soil erosion in key areas such as the upper and middle reaches of major rivers, the black soil area in Northeast China, and the water source area of ​​the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and focus on the river basin As a unit, we will implement comprehensive management of small watersheds across ditches, villages, townships and counties, vigorously promote the construction of ecologically clean small watersheds, consolidate and expand the results of river and lake recovery, enhance the ecological protection and management capabilities of large rivers, large rivers and large lakes, and promote the sustainability of the ecological environment. improve. Adhere to supervision in accordance with the law, fully perform statutory supervision responsibilities, implement the water and soil conservation spatial management system, innovate supervision methods, strengthen the supervision of the entire process and entire chain of water and soil conservation in production and construction projects, strengthen inter-departmental coordinated supervision and law enforcement linkage, and establish administrative law enforcement and criminal supervision of water and soil conservation. Mechanisms for judicial connection and collaboration with procuratorial public interest litigation to strictly prevent and control man-made soil erosion. Adhere to using both hands to improve policy mechanisms, build a soil and water conservation work pattern with party committee leadership, government responsibility, department coordination, and the participation of the whole society, explore the value realization mechanism of soil and water conservation ecological products, broaden funding channels, and enhance development momentum and vitality. Comprehensively strengthen basic support for soil and water conservation planning, monitoring, science and technology, improve soil and water conservation management capabilities and levels in the new era, accelerate the promotion of high-quality development of soil and water conservation, and provide a solid guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China and realizing the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.