◇On the afternoon of July 19, 2016, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, inspected the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base in Yinchuan.
Xi Jinping pointed out that the construction of such an energy and chemical industry base in western my country, especially the construction of a coal-to-liquids project with the largest single unit in the world, is of strategic significance.
◇In December of the same year, General Secretary Xi Jinping issued important instructions on the completion and commissioning of the Shenhuaning Coal-to-Liquids Demonstration Project.
Xi Jinping pointed out that the completion and commissioning of this major project is of great significance to my country's ability to enhance its independent energy security, promote the clean and efficient use of coal, and promote the development of ethnic areas. It is a useful exploration of energy security, efficient, clean and low-carbon development methods, and is an important step in the implementation of innovation-driven development. important results of the development strategy.
◇Through the 4 million tons/year coal indirect liquefaction project, my country has achieved the transcendent development of the coal-based synthetic oil industry from a chaser to a leader, making our country one of the few countries that has mastered a complete set of coal-to-liquids industrial technology, laying the foundation for my country's coal-to-liquids industry Technical basis for industrial development.
◇The more important value of the complete set of coal-to-liquid technology is that it serves as an important "trump card" to ensure my country's energy security. It can "survive in normal times and ensure supply in emergencies". It plays a back-up role in ensuring the country's energy supply at critical moments.
◇Develop the modern coal chemical industry represented by coal-to-liquid, coal-to-gas, coal-based olefins, etc., realize the transformation of coal utilization mode from "mainly fuel" to "mainly chemical raw materials", so that "a piece of coal" Fission into "a drop of oil", "a piece of cloth" and "a thread" is not only an important way to promote the efficient use of energy, but also an important starting point to promote Ningxia's economy to maintain growth higher than the national average and narrow the development gap.
Video: Outlook·Chronicle of State Administration丨"Coal-based" to maintain the bottom line of energy security
Source: Outlook
Text | "Lookout" News Weekly Reporters Liu Ziling, Zhang Songhong, Qian Peishan
Hundred-meter-high towers stand shoulder to shoulder, spherical storage tanks are dotted around, and endless pipelines criss-cross... When you walk into the 4 million tons/year coal indirect liquefaction project plant of Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base in Ningxia, you will be greeted by the spectacular sight of a modern large-scale energy enterprise. ——This is the coal-to-liquids project with the largest single unit scale and the most investment in the world.
Energy is an important foundation for national economic and social development.
The resource endowment of being rich in coal, short of oil, and short of gas determines that my country's energy structure, dominated by coal, will be difficult to change in the short term.
Utilizing my country's relatively abundant coal resources to develop the coal-to-liquids industry is of great strategic significance for solving my country's shortage of oil resources, reducing its dependence on foreign countries, supporting oil supply, and improving national energy security capabilities.
As an important pole of my country's energy "Golden Triangle", Ningxia Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base is not only actively exploring new paths for Ningxia to get rid of resource dependence and accelerate its transformation to green, it is also constantly exploring a coal deep processing industry development model that is in line with my country's national conditions. In order to consolidate Provide technical strategic reserves for national energy security.
On the afternoon of July 19, 2016, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, inspected the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base in Yinchuan.
Xi Jinping pointed out that the construction of such an energy and chemical industry base in western my country, especially the construction of a coal-to-liquids project with the largest single unit in the world, is of strategic significance.
In December of the same year, General Secretary Xi Jinping issued important instructions on the completion and commissioning of the Shenhuaning coal-to-liquids demonstration project.
Xi Jinping pointed out that the completion and commissioning of this major project is of great significance to my country's ability to enhance its independent energy security, promote the clean and efficient use of coal, and promote the development of ethnic areas. It is a useful exploration of energy security, efficient, clean and low-carbon development methods, and is an important step in the implementation of innovation-driven development. important results of the development strategy.
Over the past seven years, the 4 million tons/year indirect coal liquefaction project has achieved a transformation from being built and started to being stabilized and optimized.
Since it was put into operation, it has produced more than 20 million tons of petrochemicals, and the innovation, development and industrialization of complete sets of coal indirect liquefaction technology are at the international leading level.
Based on this, a group of companies have expanded their presence in the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, continued to improve the process technology and equipment level of coal chemical industry, and promoted the development of coal chemical industry and its downstream related industries towards high-end, diversified and low-carbon development.
Today, Ningxia has become a leader in the field of clean and efficient utilization of coal. It has built a first-class modern coal chemical industry demonstration zone in the country, become the country's largest coal-to-liquid and coal-based olefins production and processing base, and built a comprehensive integration of coal chemicals, coal mining, and electric power. , petrochemicals, fine chemicals, new materials, clean energy, energy conservation and environmental protection and other industries, a new situation in the integrated development.
Fission of "a piece of coal" supports the energy rice bowl
Coal-to-liquids is a technology that uses coal as raw material to produce oil and petrochemical products through chemical processing. Among them, coal indirect liquefaction technology first gasifies coal and then converts the synthesis gas into hydrocarbons through the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process. fuel.
Compared with direct liquefied coal-to-liquids, indirect liquefied coal-to-liquids have the characteristics of wide adaptability to coal types and mild synthesis conditions.
my country's resource endowment is rich in coal but short of oil and gas. However, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the demand for oil has continued to grow.
Data shows that in recent years, my country's dependence on foreign oil has reached 70%.
Based on national energy strategic security considerations, it is of great significance to strengthen the research and development of coal-to-liquids technology.
In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration jointly issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Coal Industry Development", proposing to focus on national energy strategic technology reserves and production capacity reserves in areas with guaranteed water resources and sustainable ecological environment. , carry out five types of coal-to-liquids models and upgrading demonstrations of general technical equipment, strengthen advanced technology research and industrialization, improve coal conversion efficiency, economic benefits and environmental protection levels, and give full play to the raw material function of coal.
As early as 2005, the Shanxi Coal Chemistry Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed the "high-temperature slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis" process, which greatly improved the overall energy utilization efficiency of the coal-to-liquids process.
On this basis, in 2016, the National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Company (hereinafter referred to as "National Energy Ningxia Coal Company") teamed up with more than 20 units to jointly tackle the 4 million tons/year coal indirect liquefaction complete technology innovation development and industrialization project Put into operation.
During the project advancement, more than 20 companies including Guoneng Ningmei Coal have achieved a large number of innovative results in key technologies for large-scale gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, manufacturing of major equipment and special materials, engineering scale-up and system integration technologies, forming a replicable , a complete set of indirect coal liquefaction technologies that can be promoted, providing technical reserves for my country's energy security.
——Overcome and develop key technologies for indirect coal liquefaction.
During the interview, the project leader told the reporter of "Lookout" News Weekly that the 4 million tons/year indirect coal liquefaction project is a key coal deep processing demonstration project during the national "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, and has overcome 37 key technologies in the coal-to-liquids process. , developed the country's first 100,000 Nm3/h air separation and compressor package technology, and developed ultra-thick hydrogen-facing steel plates, large-diameter wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-temperature and high-pressure ceramic ball valves, lean liquid pumps and other equipment and materials.
A number of technologies and their complete sets of processes are at the international leading level in terms of core technical indicators such as production capacity, product selectivity, and system energy efficiency.
——Promote the independent localization of major coal-to-liquids equipment.
Walking into the achievement display corridor of the 4 million tons/year coal indirect liquefaction project of Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base, a scaled-down version of the "Shenning Furnace" model particularly attracted the attention of reporters.
This single-nozzle dry coal pulverized pressurized gasifier with a daily coal input capacity of 2,000 to 3,000 tons is one of the major technological and equipment breakthroughs completed in this project.
The gasification device is the core device of the coal-to-liquids project. Previously, the core equipment of coal gasification has long been in the hands of foreign companies.
According to the relevant person in charge of the coal-to-liquids central control room, through the optimization of many technologies such as the ignition burner structure, pulverized coal feed pipeline, and Venturi washing system process, the "Shenning furnace" not only has a wide adaptability to coal types, but also can "eat" It is possible to use fine coal as a fine grain or poor quality coal as a coarse grain, and the large-scale installation, high gasification efficiency, and short start-up time make my country's "coal gasification" no longer affected by others.
"'Shenning Furnace' has been promoted to the outside world in 8 projects with a total of 46 sets, and a number of domestic enterprises have used 'Shenning Furnace'." Guo Zhongshan, general manager of the Science and Technology Development Department of Guoneng Ningmei, said that the results of the coal-to-liquids project Its application in many fields at home and abroad has led to the improvement of a number of domestic equipment manufacturing companies, changing the current situation in which my country's large-scale coal chemical technology has long been controlled by foreign countries.
——Realize engineering amplification of the coal indirect liquefaction unit process and system configuration and integration.
"Indirect coal liquefaction is a complex system engineering involving multiple processes. The previous largest coal-to-liquids project in the world was at the level of 1 million tons/year, while the scale of Guoneng Ningmei's indirect coal liquefaction project was as high as 4 million tons/year. year." According to the project leader, the 4 million tons/year coal indirect liquefaction project is a complex system composed of more than 1,000 subsystems, including 12 sets of air separation, 28 sets of gasification and 8 sets of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and 156 systems. The largest coal-to-liquid chemical project in the world so far.
"This requires engineering amplification of device technology, system configuration and integration. It is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and cannot be solved simply by increasing the number of devices." The person in charge said.
Guo Zhongshan said that the 4 million tons/year indirect coal liquefaction project has formed a complete set of indirect coal liquefaction technologies and processes that can be replicated and promoted from theory, technology to materials and equipment, and has been applied in Yitai, Inner Mongolia and Lu'an, Shanxi. A coal-to-liquids commercial demonstration plant with an annual output of 1 million tons.
In his view, through the 4 million tons/year coal indirect liquefaction project, my country has achieved the transcendent development of the coal-based synthetic oil industry from a chaser to a leader, making our country one of the few countries that has mastered a complete set of coal-to-liquid industry technology, laying the foundation for The technical basis for the development of my country's coal-to-liquids industry.
It is understood that since it was put into operation in 2016, the 4 million tons/year indirect coal liquefaction project has converted 24 million tons of coal annually, accounting for 1/4 of Ningxia's annual coal output. The value of tons of coal converted into oil has increased by 7 times, promoting the transformation of coal. Transformation from single fuel to equal emphasis on fuel and raw materials.
Industry insiders emphasized that the more important value of the complete set of coal-to-liquid technology is that it serves as an important "trump card" to ensure my country's energy security. It "can survive in normal times and ensure supply in emergencies", and plays a backstop role in ensuring the country's energy supply at critical moments.
"One tree" flourishes and rises as an industrial highland
In April 2023, the "Tianlong 2" launch vehicle successfully made its first flight, becoming the world's first liquid launch vehicle fueled by coal-based aviation kerosene. The coal-based aerospace kerosene it used was coal-to-liquid, extending the coal chemical industry chain. one of the important results.
Guo Zhongshan said that in addition to producing high-quality diesel and gasoline, Guoneng Ningmei can also produce a variety of coal chemical products such as high-end lubricants, food waxes, and aerospace fuels through optimized process routes.
——Coal chemical products drive coal “from black to white”.
Walking into the "Science and Technology Ningdong" exhibition hall of Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, you can see power batteries for new energy vehicles, various fragrant perfume products, sound insulation and flame retardant materials used in high-speed rail manufacturing...a series of high value-added fine chemicals The products are displayed in such a way that it is dizzying to see.
"Compared with traditional coal utilization methods, the modern coal chemical industry has higher energy utilization efficiency, lower carbon dioxide emissions, and higher product added value." Zhang Wei, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee and director of the Management Committee of Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, said at Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, many companies such as National Energy Ningmei and Baofeng Energy use coal as chemical raw materials to independently or jointly develop new technologies such as single carbon cutting, fine separation, and precise synthesis. The development includes coal-to-liquids and coal-based olefins. The modern coal chemical industry, including methanol, olefins and other primary products, high-end textile and chemical fiber products, new materials, fine chemicals and high-end lubricants, and more than a dozen fine chemical products, promote the modern coal chemical industry to become high-end, Diversified and low-carbon development.
“Modern coal chemical industry is wonderful in Ningdong.”
At present, Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base has become the largest and highest output value among the four modern coal chemical industry demonstration zones in my country. The coal chemical production capacity has reached more than 28 million tons per year, forming my country's largest coal-to-liquid and coal-based olefins production base. .
From selling coal to selling oil and fine chemical products, Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base insists on the clean and efficient use of coal, intensifies efforts to "convert coal into tail", and accelerates the promotion of coal chemical industry towards refinement, high-end and clustering. We will continue to improve the layout of the industrial chain and promote the transformation of coal into clean fuel, high-quality raw materials and high-end materials. The industry has moved from the low end of the value chain to the mid-to-high end and achieved a qualitative leap.
——The modern coal chemical industry drives Ningxia’s industrial upgrading.
Due to its abundant coal reserves, Ningxia has historically relied on coal and developed extensively. With overcapacity and declining profits, the coal industry once became a "hot potato."
In recent years, Ningxia has focused on the integrated development of modern coal and chemical industry in the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, Taiyangshan Development Zone, and Yanchi Industrial Park, and relied on key enterprises such as National Energy Ningmei, Baofeng Energy, and Sinopec Great Wall Energy to form a modern coal-based chemical industry. The industrial structure is dominated by chemicals, petrochemicals, calcium carbide and deep processing, and fine chemicals, involving more than 100 products. Modern coal chemical industry has developed into a pillar industry in Ningxia's chemical industry and is in a leading position in the country.
According to statistics, Ningxia has a coal-to-liquids production capacity of 4 million tons, nearly half of the country's coal-to-liquids production capacity; coal-based olefins production capacity of 4.2 million tons, accounting for about 1/5 of the country's total production capacity.
The relevant person in charge of the Development and Reform Commission of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region said that the modern coal chemical industry represented by coal-to-oil, coal-to-gas, coal-based olefins, etc. should be developed to realize the transformation of coal utilization from "based on fuel" to "based on chemical raw materials". The transformation of "a piece of coal" into a "drop of oil", "a piece of cloth" and "a piece of silk" is not only an important way to promote the efficient use of energy, but also promote Ningxia's economy to maintain growth and shrinkage above the national average. An important starting point for development gaps.
"One picture" new painting, striving to be the first
According to interviewees, Ningxia is a province with a large coal mine and is also a place rich in wind energy and solar energy.
In the period of opportunities for energy transformation, Ningxia is "grasping with both hands and with both hands", while promoting the clean and efficient utilization of traditional energy industries, while supporting the large-scale development of renewable energy, accelerating the planning and construction of new energy systems, creating new growth points for industrial transformation and upgrading, and creating new growth points for industrial transformation and upgrading. High-quality economic development has injected new momentum.
——"Move forward with wisdom" and reduce carbon emissions from the traditional energy industry.
In terms of reducing carbon emissions from the traditional energy industry, Ningxia is "moving forward wisely" and seeking development through technological innovation.
"Unlike some areas with better moisture and lighting conditions, which can offset carbon emissions through ecological carbon sinks such as afforestation, Ningxia is arid with little rain, wind and sand, so it is more suitable to use technical means to reduce carbon dioxide emissions." Development and Reform of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Introduction by the head of the Commission’s Carbon Emissions Reduction Division.
CCUS (carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage) refers to the capture, compression, transportation and storage of carbon dioxide emitted from large carbon dioxide emission sources, or for industrial applications (such as food processing, offshore oil flooding and production of chemical products) to A technology that prevents its emission into the atmosphere.
In May 2023, Ningxia's 3 million tons/year CCUS demonstration project will be fully constructed at the Ningdong base.
The project captures the carbon dioxide gas emitted by the 4 million tons/year indirect coal liquefaction project, and then drives it to the Changqing Oilfield for oil recovery and storage. After the project is completed and put into operation, it will be equivalent to planting nearly 27 million trees and shutting down nearly 180 economy cars every year. 10,000 vehicles; during the 30-year design period, it is expected to inject 74.5 million tons of carbon dioxide and increase fuel consumption by more than 17 million tons.
Not only through CCUS, Ningxia relies on its abundant solar and wind power resources to empower green and low-carbon transformation with technological innovation, and has built the world's largest single-plant solar electrolysis water hydrogen production project with the largest single-unit production capacity, replacing coal with "green hydrogen" As raw materials, the direct supply chemical system produces hundreds of high-end chemical products such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
In addition, the construction of a 4×5.98 MW photovoltaic power generation project and a 300,000 kilowatt photovoltaic + 20,000 standard cubic meter/hour green hydrogen coupled coal-to-liquid chemical demonstration project is also being accelerated.
——Innovate development paths and promote the development of new energy industry.
In terms of accelerating the development of renewable energy, Ningxia innovates its development path, researches and formulates construction policies for integrated source, grid, load and storage projects, and uses direct green power supply as a breakthrough to explore and build a new supply and consumption system for new energy.
Yao Bo, director of the Energy Development Department of the Development and Reform Commission of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, introduced that the source-grid-load-storage integration project follows the principles of "independent peak regulation, self-consumption, and self-use". The same investment entity builds power supply, power grid, load, and storage. It can, as an operating entity, conduct unified planning and construction, unified access to the grid, and unified dispatching and operation to improve the operating efficiency of the system with new energy as the main body and the comprehensive benefits of power development in the autonomous region.
At present, 11 parks in Ningxia have been included in the pilot scope of "Green Power Parks", with an additional load of 685,000 kilowatts from 2021 to 2022, creating conditions for increasing greening and reducing costs in the manufacturing industry.
As the country's first comprehensive new energy demonstration zone, Ningxia continues to promote the development of the clean energy industry.
As of the end of 2023, Ningxia's new energy installed capacity exceeded 36 million kilowatts, reaching 36.0015 million kilowatts, accounting for more than 50% of the total installed capacity.
Ningxia's per capita installed capacity of new energy has reached 5 kilowatts, making it the province with the strongest development intensity of new energy installed capacity per unit of land area.
Yao Bo introduced that Ningxia, as an important province in the development of new energy in my country, has become the first province in the country whose new energy power generation output exceeds the electricity consumption of the entire grid, and is at the forefront of the country's high proportion of new energy transformation.
"Ningxia is taking the lead in building the country's first new energy comprehensive demonstration zone, making every effort to promote the construction of national large-scale coal bases, 'West-to-East Power Transmission' thermal power bases, and national modern coal chemical bases, vigorously implement innovation-driven development strategies, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system , provide a strong guarantee for my country's energy supply and actively play the role of 'Ningxia'." said Liang Yanshun, Secretary of the Party Committee of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
(Source: "Lookout" Participating in the interview and writing: Yu Yao)