CCTV News:
The 2024 Government Work Report proposes that in 2024, the proactive fiscal policy must be appropriately intensified to improve quality and efficiency.
Starting in 2024, my country will issue ultra-long-term special government bonds for several consecutive years.
What will the ultra-long-term special treasury bonds be used for, and what role will they play?
The government work report proposed that in order to systematically solve the funding problems of some major projects in the process of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, ultra-long-term special government bonds will be issued for several consecutive years starting from 2024.
An initial 1 trillion yuan will be issued in 2024, which will be earmarked for the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas.
Dong Yu, executive vice president of the China Development and Planning Institute of Tsinghua University, said that the issuance of ultra-long-term special government bonds for several consecutive years is a very important deployment of this fiscal policy. It is to implement the direction of moderately stepped up fiscal policy. In addition, At the same time, the ultra-long-term special treasury bonds themselves are an unconventional measure, and the reason why the measure is relatively powerful is closely related to the direction in which it is intended to be used.
Experts said that the ultra-long-term special treasury bonds target two aspects, one is the implementation of major national strategies, and the other is the construction of security capabilities in key areas. These areas are aimed at the longer term and are closely integrated with the task of Chinese-style modernization. of.
Wu Sa, deputy director of the Economic Research Institute of the China Academy of Macroeconomics, said that in terms of new urbanization and rural revitalization, rejuvenating the country through science and education, food security, and energy security, these areas are all medium and long-term investments that are urgently needed in the future. Investments are issued through ultra-long-term special government bonds.
The issuance cycle of this national bond is relatively long, and the cycle of economic and social benefits in these areas is also relatively long. The two match each other and can better play the special pulling effect of ultra-long-term special national bonds.
Comprehensively remove restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing sector
Building a new higher-level open economic system is also an important task of economic work in 2024.
The government work report proposed that a number of measures related to expanding opening-up will be launched, which will make it easier for foreign-funded enterprises to invest in China and further stimulate the investment enthusiasm of foreign-funded enterprises.
According to the government work report, in 2024, my country will further improve the quality and level of trade and investment cooperation, implement the national version and the free trade pilot zone version of the cross-border service trade negative list, and comprehensively cancel restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing sector in 2024. .
Dong Yu, executive vice president of the China Development and Planning Institute of Tsinghua University, said that manufacturing itself is our advantage. At the same time, we must accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry to allow more foreign investment to participate in China's manufacturing development. In the future, it will not only effectively promote the improvement of our own manufacturing capabilities, but also help better integrate China's manufacturing capabilities with foreign markets and advanced foreign management experience. It will also help us improve the overall level of opening up to the outside world, and An important breakthrough in promoting dual circulation.
In 2024, my country will also relax market access for telecommunications, medical and other service industries to ensure that domestic and foreign capital can equally enter fields outside the negative list in accordance with the law.
At the same time, it is necessary to further facilitate the exchange of personnel between China and foreign countries, effectively open up the congestion points for foreigners to work, study, and travel in China, and accelerate the resumption of international flights.
Implement actions to reduce logistics costs and stimulate the vitality of business entities
In the 2024 government work report, the word "logistics" was mentioned in many places.
In the work tasks for 2024, it is mentioned that "implementing actions to reduce logistics costs".
Relevant experts from the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing said that this fully reflects the country’s emphasis on the logistics industry and also puts forward higher requirements for the high-quality development of the logistics industry in the future.
The government work report proposed that actions to reduce logistics costs will be implemented in 2024.
Experts said that this is in line with the previous proposal of the fourth meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Commission to effectively reduce the logistics costs of the whole society.
Experts emphasize that reducing logistics costs is an important measure to improve economic efficiency and can better stimulate the vitality of various market entities.
He Dencai, vice president of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, said that in the past we talked about logistics in terms of logistics, but now we consider logistics costs from the overall perspective of productivity.
In the past, it was considered more from the perspective of logistics, but now it is deeply integrated with modern logistics. It is an upgraded version.
By developing smart logistics, such as online freight and digital warehouses, and through these digital trading platforms, we can establish a national logistics information network, improve the level of digitalization and intelligence, and reduce logistics costs through these.
In 2023, my country's total logistics costs accounted for 14.4% of the GDP, a decrease of 0.3 percentage points from the previous year. That is, the logistics cost per unit of GDP is declining.
Compared with 2012, this indicator that measures economic efficiency has dropped by more than 3 percentage points, but there is still a big gap compared with developed countries.
In the process of achieving high-quality development, we must optimize the transportation structure, strengthen "road-to-rail" and "road-to-water", deepen the reform of the comprehensive transportation system, and form a unified, efficient, competitive and orderly logistics market.
Cai Jin, vice president of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, said that through production organization methods such as supply chains, the space for reducing logistics costs can be further extended to the production field and further extended to the procurement field.
Accelerate the construction of international logistics system to help enterprises reduce costs and improve efficiency
In addition to implementing actions to reduce logistics costs, the government work report also proposed to accelerate the construction of the international logistics system and strengthen the construction of cold chain logistics and delivery distribution facilities.
Experts said that this will help further open up the international and domestic markets and continuously expand the circulation scope of goods through the construction of logistics systems.
The government work report proposes to speed up the construction of the international logistics system, build smart customs, and help foreign trade companies reduce costs and improve efficiency.
Experts said that accelerating the construction of the international logistics system, while focusing on reducing costs and improving efficiency for foreign trade companies, will also help my country better integrate with the international economy and further expand international logistics channels.
Cai Jin, vice president of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, said that it will help my country strengthen trade with various countries and further expand my country's opening up to the outside world. At the same time, it will also help promote the stability and further improvement of the global supply chain.
Strengthen the construction of cold chain logistics delivery and distribution facilities
In terms of steadily advancing rural reform and development, the government work report proposes to implement rural construction actions in depth, vigorously improve rural water, electricity, roads, gas, communications and other infrastructure and public services, and strengthen the construction of charging piles, cold chain logistics, and delivery and distribution facilities. .
Experts said that cold chain logistics plays a significant role in reducing the circulation loss of agricultural products, increasing the added value of agricultural products, realizing off-peak and seasonal sales of agricultural products, and extending the circulation radius of agricultural products. It can effectively help farmers increase their income and increase agricultural efficiency.
According to statistics from the Cold Chain Logistics Committee of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, in recent years, the state has continued to support the construction of cold chain infrastructure for agricultural products through central fiscal funds or financial policy tools, especially by continuously investing tens of billions of special agricultural funds to improve fields. Cold storage, pre-cooling classification and cold chain commercialization processing center and other systems.
In 2023, the low-temperature treatment rates in the production areas of fruits, vegetables, meat, and aquatic products will increase by 5, 18, and 20 percentage points respectively compared with three years ago, and the "first mile" loss will be significantly reduced.
Cai Jin, vice president of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, said that promoting the construction of cold chain logistics facilities in rural areas can further increase the added value of agricultural products, help further revitalize the rural economy, and further increase farmers' income.